Bump the Node.js version used by Docker in CI (elastic#77714)

This change was left out of elastic#77619 because the new Docker images wasn't
published at the time.

.ci/Dockerfile

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # NOTE: This Dockerfile is ONLY used to run certain tasks in CI. It is not used to run Kibana or as a distributable.
 # If you're looking for the Kibana Docker image distributable, please see: src/dev/build/tasks/os_packages/docker_generator/templates/dockerfile.template.ts
 
-ARG NODE_VERSION=10.22.0
+ARG NODE_VERSION=10.22.1
 
 FROM node:${NODE_VERSION} AS base