Formatting the SSD/HDD properly before installing Debian or any other Linux distribution or operating system:
- sudo cfdisk /dev/sda
- sudo cfdisk /dev/nvme0n1
- Delete everything you see then Write>>Yes
- sudo wipefs -a /dev/sda
- sudo wipefs /dev/nvme0n1
- sudo shred -f -v /dev/sda
- sudo shred -f -v /nvme0n1
- sudo shred /dev/sda
- sudo shred /dev/nvme0n1
https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current-live/amd64/iso-hybrid/
https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/
5) Install Debian on the desired partition. Make sure to be connected to the internet via cable, as there can be some firmware issues with Wi-Fi drivers!
- Officially supported (main)
- DFSG-compatible Software with Non-Free Dependencies (contrib)
- Non DFSG-compatible Software (non-free)
- sudo apt update
- sudo apt upgrade
Open terminal in activities and add your user, for example test to sudoers file and use the following commands:
- su
- gedit /etc/sudoers
test
- su test
- sudo whoami
- root
-
su
-
apt install sudo
-
su
-
gedit /etc/sudoers
#User privilege specification test
- su test
- sudo whoami
- root
8) Installing Multiarch very important! (you’ll need it for NVIDIA drivers, Steam and other stuff)
-
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
-
sudo apt update
-
sudo apt upgrade
-
sudo apt install firmware-misc-nonfree
- sudo apt install intel-microcode
-
sudo apt install amd-microcode
-
sudo update-initramfs -c -k all
-
sudo apt update
-
sudo apt upgrade
-
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
-
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm main non-free-firmware
-
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm main non-free-firmware
-
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bookworm-security main non-free-firmware
-
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bookworm-security main non-free-firmware
-
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates main non-free-firmware
-
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates main non-free-firmware
-
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm contrib non-free
-
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm contrib non-free
-
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
- deb http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian/ testing main non-free contrib
- deb-src http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian/ testing main non-free contrib
- deb http://security.debian.org testing-security main non-free contrib
- deb-src http://security.debian.org testing-security main non-free contrib
- deb http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian/ testing-updates main non-free contrib
- deb-src http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian/ testing-updates main non-free contrib
-
sudo apt install nvidia-detect
-
sudo nvidia-detect
-
sudo apt update
- sudo apt install linux-headers-amd64
- sudo apt install linux-headers-686
- sudo apt install linux-headers-686-pae
- sudo apt install nvidia-driver nvidia-settings libvulkan-dev nvidia-vulkan-icd vulkan-tools vulkan-validationlayers
- sudo apt install fizmo-sdl2 libsdl2-2.0-0 libsdl2-dev libsdl2-gfx-1.0-0 libsdl2-gfx-dev libsdl2-image-2.0-0 libsdl2-mixer-2.0-0 libsdl2-net-2.0-0
- sudo apt update
- sudo apt upgrade
-
sudo nano /etc/default/grub
-
Find GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash resume"
-
Change to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet nvidia-drm.modeset=1 nvidia-drm.fbdev=1 splash resume"
-
sudo update-grub
-
sudo sudo update-initramfs -u
-
Reboot
-
check if it worked
-
sudo cat /sys/module/nvidia_drm/parameters/modeset
Add distroname-backports to your /etc/apt/sources.list, for example:
- sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
-
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian distro_name-backports main contrib non-free
-
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian distro_name-backports main contrib non-free
-
sudo apt update
-
sudo apt upgrade
-
sudo apt update
-
sudo apt install -t distro_name-backports nvidia-driver nvidia-settings libvulkan-dev nvidia-vulkan-icd vulkan-tools vulkan-validationlayers vulkan-validationlayers-dev
-
sudo apt update
-
sudo apt upgrade
-
sudo apt update
-
sudo apt upgrade
NB! There might be a missing firmware errors in the terminal during installtion, usually its Realtek but just to be sure run the following command:
- sudo dmesg
-
sudo apt-get install firmware-realtek
-
sudo apt-get update
10) Gaming section install Steam,Lutris,Wine with the following commands, if you did all the steps before correctly Steam should install without issues:
- sudo apt install steam
- sudo apt install wine wine64
- sudo apt install lutris
- sudo apt install scummvm
- sudo apt install dosbox
- sudo apt install gvfs:i386 wine32-preloader:i386 wine64-preloader wine-binfmt gstreamer1.0-libav:i386 gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad:i386 gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly winetricks gstreamer1.0-tools:i386 opus-tools:i386 gstreamer1.0-alsa gamemode gamescope timidity
- sudo apt install supertux supertuxkart wesnoth 0ad kapman freedroidrpg
- sudo apt install beneath-a-steel-sky drascula flight-of-the-amazon-queen lure-of-the-temptress
- sudo apt install python3 python3-pip bpython thony
12) Optional for streaming/recording install OBS Studio(for NVENC support some additional stuff is required)
-
sudo apt install ffmpeg
-
sudo apt install libnvidia-encode1
-
sudo apt install libnvidia-fbc1
-
sudo apt install nvidia-cuda-toolkit
- sudo apt install mingw-w64 flvmeta smpeg-plaympeg lame mjpegtools x265 x264 nvidia-vdpau-driver mpv mpg123 libxvidcore4 fluidsynth
- sudo apt install btrfs-progs duperemove
- sudo apt install xfsprogs xfsdump attr quota
- sudo apt install flatpak
- sudo apt install gnome-software-plugin-flatpak
- flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
- sudo apt update
- sudo apt upgrade
- sudo apt install flatpak
- flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
- sudo apt install plasma-discover-backend-flatpak
- sudo apt update
- sudo apt upgrade
- sudo apt install virt-manager qemu-system
https://github.com/Palakis/obs-ndi/releases/tag/4.7.1
- sudo dpkg -i libndi3_4.0.0-1_amd64.1.deb
- sudo dpkg -i obs-ndi_4.7.1-1_amd64.deb
Quick (non-flatpak/snapd) way to install stuff like gzdoom,zoom,teamviewer with dpkg(if you need it):
- https://zdoom.org/downloads
- https://zoom.us/download
- https://www.teamviewer.com/en/download/linux/
- sudo dpkg -i gzdoom_4.7.1_amd64.deb
- sudo dpkg -i zoom_amd64.deb
- sudo dpkg -i teamviewer_15.28.8_amd64.deb
- sudo apt install shotcut kdenlive gimp krita
-
sudo apt-get update
-
sudo apt-get upgrade
-
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
- sudo apt install gdebi-core
- sudo gdebi discord-0.0.10.deb
nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show,auto
17) #(Optional)Benchmarking games on linux got to https://www.phoronix-test-suite.com/?k=downloads and download latest for Debian:
- sudo apt install gdebi-core
- sudo gdebi phoronix-test-suite_*.deb
- sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list - Add this line:
- deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main
- sudo apt update
- sudo apt -t buster-backports install linux-image-amd64
- sudo reboot
18) Creating a bootable Windows 10 USB using Disks utility (Possible on any linux distro even without GNOME)
- sudo apt install gnome-disk-utility
- Download a Windows image from MS link below:
- https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows10
- Insert USB Drive
- Launch Disks Utility
- Select your USB Drive and in the top right=corner click the menu select Format Disk
- In Partitioning select Compatible with modern systems and hard disks>2TB (GPT)
- Click Format wait for it to finish
- Click Partition>For Use with Windows(NTFS) (in Volume label type Windows or ESD)
- Mount the USB and Open it
- Go to the place where you downloaded Windows 10 ISO and select Open with Disk Image Mounter
- Open Copy everything from the Windows 10 ISO and paste into your USB Drive,wait for it to finish(takes a while)
- Download the latest release here: https://github.com/GloriousEggroll/proton-ge-custom/releases
- Extract,enable hidden files and folders
- Create a folder in your /home/user/steam/root/compatibilitytools.d if it does not exist.
- Copy/paste the extracted GE folder into /home/user/config/.steam/root/compatibilitytools.d
- Restart Steam,enjoy the custom GE build
- sudo update-initramfs -u
- sudo apt install fonts-hack-ttf
- sudo apt install papirus-icon-theme
If it is an existing SSD/HDD that you already formatted with ext4 or btrfs and automounted in filemanager like Dolphin or Nemo,then you have to check in properties for example "/media/user/Backup" that is your mount point.
-
sudo lsblk -f
-
sudo nano /etc/fstab
-
/ was on /dev/sda2 during installation
-
UUID=362fe9a2-29fc-43fe-824d-09d1d93b1549 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
-
/boot/efi was on /dev/sda1 during installation
-
UUID=64EF-0C84 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
-
swap was on /dev/sda3 during installation
-
UUID=b36261ad-191e-4cb5-ba0e-f2715e32f82c none swap sw 0 0
-
/dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0
- /dev/sdb1 /media/user/Backup ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2
NB! In case of "A start job is running for update the operating system while offline" on Debian-based systems during updates while dual-booting press E then F10 and wait for the update process to finish.
Ok, thank you, happy gaming and streaming on pure Debian. Hopefully same settings will work on the future Debian distros! Enjoy!