Add hierarchical ImageNet-like dataset format (#1528)

<!-- Contributing guide:
https://github.com/openvinotoolkit/datumaro/blob/develop/CONTRIBUTING.md
-->

### Summary
CVS-143460
<!--
Resolves #111 and #222.
Depends on #1000 (for series of dependent commits).

This PR introduces this capability to make the project better in this
and that.

- Added this feature
- Removed that feature
- Fixed the problem #1234
-->

### How to test
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not fully covered by unit tests or manual testing can be complicated.
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### Checklist
<!-- Put an 'x' in all the boxes that apply -->
- [x] I have added unit tests to cover my changes.​
- [ ] I have added integration tests to cover my changes.​
- [ ] I have added the description of my changes into
[CHANGELOG](https://github.com/openvinotoolkit/datumaro/blob/develop/CHANGELOG.md).​
- [ ] I have updated the
[documentation](https://github.com/openvinotoolkit/datumaro/tree/develop/docs)
accordingly

### License

- [x] I submit _my code changes_ under the same [MIT
License](https://github.com/openvinotoolkit/datumaro/blob/develop/LICENSE)
that covers the project.
  Feel free to contact the maintainers if that's a concern.
- [ ] I have updated the license header for each file (see an example
below).

```python
# Copyright (C) 2024 Intel Corporation
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
```

---------

Signed-off-by: Ilya Trushkin <ilya.trushkin@intel.com>

src/datumaro/cli/commands/downloaders/kaggle.py

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ def make_all_paths_absolute(d: Dict, root: str = "."):
 
 
 KAGGLE_API_KEY_EXISTS = bool(os.environ.get("KAGGLE_KEY")) or os.path.exists(
-    os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~"), ".kaggle")
+    os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~"), ".kaggle", "kaggle.json")
 )
 
 

src/datumaro/components/importer.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 from datumaro.components.errors import DatasetImportError, DatasetNotFoundError
 from datumaro.components.format_detection import FormatDetectionConfidence, FormatDetectionContext
 from datumaro.components.merge.extractor_merger import ExtractorMerger
-from datumaro.util.definitions import SUBSET_NAME_BLACKLIST
+from datumaro.util.definitions import SUBSET_NAME_WHITELIST
 
 T = TypeVar("T")
 
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ def _change_context_root_path(context: FormatDetectionContext, path: str):
                 )
 
             for sub_dir in os.listdir(path):
-                if sub_dir.lower() in SUBSET_NAME_BLACKLIST:
+                if sub_dir.lower() not in SUBSET_NAME_WHITELIST:
                     continue
 
                 sub_path = osp.join(path, sub_dir)

src/datumaro/plugins/data_formats/image_dir.py

@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@
 
 import logging as log
 import os
-import os.path as osp
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import List, Optional
 
 from datumaro.components.dataset_base import DatasetItem, SubsetBase
 from datumaro.components.exporter import Exporter
-from datumaro.components.format_detection import FormatDetectionConfidence
+from datumaro.components.format_detection import FormatDetectionConfidence, FormatDetectionContext
 from datumaro.components.importer import ImportContext, Importer
 from datumaro.components.media import Image
 from datumaro.util.image import IMAGE_EXTENSIONS, find_images
@@ -31,11 +31,23 @@ def build_cmdline_parser(cls, **kwargs):
         )
         return parser
 
+    @classmethod
+    def detect(cls, context: FormatDetectionContext) -> FormatDetectionConfidence:
+        path = Path(context.root_path)
+        for item in path.iterdir():
+            if item.is_dir():
+                context.fail("Only flat image directories are supported")
+            elif item.suffix.lower() not in IMAGE_EXTENSIONS:
+                context.fail(f"File {item} is not an image.")
+        return super().detect(context)
+
     @classmethod
     def find_sources(cls, path):
-        if not osp.isdir(path):
+        path = Path(path)
+        if not path.is_dir():
             return []
-        return [{"url": path, "format": ImageDirBase.NAME}]
+
+        return [{"url": str(path), "format": ImageDirBase.NAME}]
 
     @classmethod
     def get_file_extensions(cls) -> List[str]:
@@ -51,11 +63,11 @@ def __init__(
         ctx: Optional[ImportContext] = None,
     ):
         super().__init__(subset=subset, ctx=ctx)
+        url = Path(url)
+        assert url.is_dir(), url
 
-        assert osp.isdir(url), url
-
-        for path in find_images(url, recursive=True):
-            item_id = osp.relpath(osp.splitext(path)[0], url)
+        for path in find_images(str(url)):
+            item_id = Path(path).stem
             self._items.append(
                 DatasetItem(id=item_id, subset=self._subset, media=Image.from_file(path=path))
             )

src/datumaro/plugins/data_formats/imagenet.py

@@ -5,9 +5,8 @@
 import errno
 import logging as log
 import os
-import os.path as osp
-import warnings
-from typing import List, Optional
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import List
 
 from datumaro.components.annotation import AnnotationType, Label, LabelCategories
 from datumaro.components.dataset_base import DatasetItem, SubsetBase
@@ -16,8 +15,9 @@
 from datumaro.components.format_detection import FormatDetectionConfidence, FormatDetectionContext
 from datumaro.components.importer import ImportContext, Importer, with_subset_dirs
 from datumaro.components.media import Image
-from datumaro.util.definitions import SUBSET_NAME_BLACKLIST
+from datumaro.util.definitions import SUBSET_NAME_BLACKLIST, SUBSET_NAME_WHITELIST
 from datumaro.util.image import IMAGE_EXTENSIONS, find_images
+from datumaro.util.os_util import walk
 
 
 class ImagenetPath:
@@ -30,40 +30,39 @@ def __init__(
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        subset: Optional[str] = None,
-        ctx: Optional[ImportContext] = None,
+        subset: str | None = None,
+        ctx: ImportContext | None = None,
+        min_depth: int | None = None,
+        max_depth: int | None = None,
     ):
-        if not osp.isdir(path):
+        if not Path(path).is_dir():
             raise NotADirectoryError(errno.ENOTDIR, "Can't find dataset directory", path)
-
         super().__init__(subset=subset, ctx=ctx)
-
+        self._max_depth = min_depth
+        self._min_depth = max_depth
         self._categories = self._load_categories(path)
         self._items = list(self._load_items(path).values())
 
     def _load_categories(self, path):
         label_cat = LabelCategories()
-        for dirname in sorted(os.listdir(path)):
-            if not os.path.isdir(os.path.join(path, dirname)):
-                warnings.warn(
-                    f"{dirname} is not a directory in the folder {path}, so this will"
-                    "be skipped when declaring the cateogries of `imagenet` dataset."
-                )
-                continue
-            if dirname != ImagenetPath.IMAGE_DIR_NO_LABEL:
-                label_cat.add(dirname)
+        path = Path(path)
+        for dirname in sorted(d for d in path.rglob("*") if d.is_dir()):
+            dirname = dirname.relative_to(path)
+            if str(dirname) != ImagenetPath.IMAGE_DIR_NO_LABEL:
+                label_cat.add(str(dirname))
         return {AnnotationType.label: label_cat}
 
     def _load_items(self, path):
         items = {}
 
-        # Images should be in root/label_dir/*.img and root/*.img is not allowed.
-        # => max_depth=1, min_depth=1
-        for image_path in find_images(path, recursive=True, max_depth=1, min_depth=1):
-            label = osp.basename(osp.dirname(image_path))
-            image_name = osp.splitext(osp.basename(image_path))[0]
-
-            item_id = label + ImagenetPath.SEP_TOKEN + image_name
+        for image_path in find_images(
+            path, recursive=True, max_depth=self._max_depth, min_depth=self._min_depth
+        ):
+            label = str(Path(image_path).parent.relative_to(path))
+            if label == ".":  # image is located in the root directory
+                label = ImagenetPath.IMAGE_DIR_NO_LABEL
+            image_name = Path(image_path).stem
+            item_id = str(label) + ImagenetPath.SEP_TOKEN + image_name
             item = items.get(item_id)
             try:
                 if item is None:
@@ -89,45 +88,70 @@ def _load_items(self, path):
 
 
 class ImagenetImporter(Importer):
-    """TorchVision's ImageFolder style importer.
-    For example, it imports the following directory structure.
+    """
+        Multi-level version of ImagenetImporter.
+        For example, it imports the following directory structure.
 
     .. code-block:: text
 
         root
         ├── label_0
-        │   ├── label_0_1.jpg
-        │   └── label_0_2.jpg
+        │   ├── label_0_1
+        │   │   └── img1.jpg
+        │   └── label_0_2
+        │       └── img2.jpg
         └── label_1
-            └── label_1_1.jpg
+            └── img3.jpg
 
     """
 
+    _MIN_DEPTH = None
+    _MAX_DEPTH = None
+    _FORMAT = ImagenetBase.NAME
+    DETECT_CONFIDENCE = FormatDetectionConfidence.EXTREME_LOW
+
     @classmethod
     def detect(cls, context: FormatDetectionContext) -> FormatDetectionConfidence:
         # Images must not be under a directory whose name is blacklisted.
-        for dname in os.listdir(context.root_path):
-            dpath = osp.join(context.root_path, dname)
-            if osp.isdir(dpath) and dname.lower() in SUBSET_NAME_BLACKLIST:
+        for dname, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(context.root_path):
+            if dname in SUBSET_NAME_WHITELIST:
                 context.fail(
-                    f"{dname} is found in {context.root_path}. "
-                    "However, Images must not be under a directory whose name is blacklisted "
-                    f"(SUBSET_NAME_BLACKLIST={SUBSET_NAME_BLACKLIST})."
+                    f"Following directory names are not permitted: {SUBSET_NAME_WHITELIST}"
                 )
+            rel_dname = Path(dname).relative_to(context.root_path)
+            level = len(rel_dname.parts)
+            if cls._MIN_DEPTH is not None and level < cls._MIN_DEPTH and filenames:
+                context.fail("Found files out of the directory level bounds.")
+            if cls._MAX_DEPTH is not None and level > cls._MAX_DEPTH and filenames:
+                context.fail("Found files out of the directory level bounds.")
+            dpath = Path(context.root_path) / rel_dname
+            if dpath.is_dir():
+                if str(rel_dname).lower() in SUBSET_NAME_BLACKLIST:
+                    context.fail(
+                        f"{dname} is found in {context.root_path}. "
+                        "However, Images must not be under a directory whose name is blacklisted "
+                        f"(SUBSET_NAME_BLACKLIST={SUBSET_NAME_BLACKLIST})."
+                    )
 
         return super().detect(context)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def contains_only_images(cls, path: str | Path):
+        for _, dirnames, filenames in walk(path, cls._MAX_DEPTH, cls._MIN_DEPTH):
+            if filenames:
+                for filename in filenames:
+                    if Path(filename).suffix.lower() not in IMAGE_EXTENSIONS:
+                        return False
+            elif not dirnames:
+                return False
+        return True
+
     @classmethod
     def find_sources(cls, path):
-        if not osp.isdir(path):
+        if not Path(path).is_dir():
             return []
 
-        # Images should be in root/label_dir/*.img and root/*.img is not allowed.
-        # => max_depth=1, min_depth=1
-        for _ in find_images(path, recursive=True, max_depth=1, min_depth=1):
-            return [{"url": path, "format": ImagenetBase.NAME}]
-
-        return []
+        return [{"url": path, "format": cls._FORMAT}] if cls.contains_only_images(path) else []
 
     @classmethod
     def get_file_extensions(cls) -> List[str]:
@@ -144,32 +168,36 @@ def build_cmdline_parser(cls, **kwargs):
 
 @with_subset_dirs
 class ImagenetWithSubsetDirsImporter(ImagenetImporter):
-    """TorchVision ImageFolder style importer.
-    For example, it imports the following directory structure.
+    """Multi-level image directory structure importer.
+    Example:
 
     .. code-block::
 
         root
         ├── train
         │   ├── label_0
-        │   │   ├── label_0_1.jpg
-        │   │   └── label_0_2.jpg
+        │   │   ├── label_0_1
+        │   │   │   └── img1.jpg
+        │   │   └── label_0_2
+        │   │       └── img2.jpg
         │   └── label_1
-        │       └── label_1_1.jpg
+        │       └── img3.jpg
         ├── val
         │   ├── label_0
-        │   │   ├── label_0_1.jpg
-        │   │   └── label_0_2.jpg
+        │   │   ├── label_0_1
+        │   │   │   └── img1.jpg
+        │   │   └── label_0_2
+        │   │       └── img2.jpg
         │   └── label_1
-        │       └── label_1_1.jpg
+        │       └── img3.jpg
         └── test
-            ├── label_0
-            │   ├── label_0_1.jpg
-            │   └── label_0_2.jpg
+            │   ├── label_0
+            │   ├── label_0_1
+            │   │   └── img1.jpg
+            │   └── label_0_2
+            │       └── img2.jpg
             └── label_1
-                └── label_1_1.jpg
-
-    Then, it will have three subsets: train, val, and test and they have label_0 and label_1 labels.
+                └── img3.jpg
     """
 
 
@@ -199,7 +227,7 @@ def _get_name(item: DatasetItem) -> str:
                 'For example, dataset.export("<path/to/output>", format="imagenet_with_subset_dirs").'
             )
 
-        root_dir = self._save_dir
+        root_dir = Path(self._save_dir)
         extractor = self._extractor
         labels = {}
         for item in self._extractor:
@@ -210,18 +238,18 @@ def _get_name(item: DatasetItem) -> str:
                 label_name = extractor.categories()[AnnotationType.label][label].name
                 self._save_image(
                     item,
-                    subdir=osp.join(root_dir, item.subset, label_name)
+                    subdir=root_dir / item.subset / label_name
                     if self.USE_SUBSET_DIRS
-                    else osp.join(root_dir, label_name),
+                    else root_dir / label_name,
                     name=file_name,
                 )
 
             if not labels:
                 self._save_image(
                     item,
-                    subdir=osp.join(root_dir, item.subset, ImagenetPath.IMAGE_DIR_NO_LABEL)
+                    subdir=root_dir / item.subset / ImagenetPath.IMAGE_DIR_NO_LABEL
                     if self.USE_SUBSET_DIRS
-                    else osp.join(root_dir, ImagenetPath.IMAGE_DIR_NO_LABEL),
+                    else root_dir / ImagenetPath.IMAGE_DIR_NO_LABEL,
                     name=file_name,
                 )
 

src/datumaro/plugins/data_formats/yolo/exporter.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 from datumaro.components.exporter import Exporter
 from datumaro.components.media import Image
 from datumaro.util import str_to_bool
+from datumaro.util.definitions import SUBSET_NAME_WHITELIST
 
 from .format import YoloPath
 
@@ -195,7 +196,6 @@ def can_stream(self) -> bool:
 
 
 class YoloUltralyticsExporter(YoloExporter):
-    allowed_subset_names = {"train", "val", "test"}
     must_subset_names = {"train", "val"}
 
     def __init__(self, extractor: IDataset, save_dir: str, **kwargs) -> None:
@@ -214,9 +214,9 @@ def _check_dataset(self):
         subset_names = set(self._extractor.subsets().keys())
 
         for subset in subset_names:
-            if subset not in self.allowed_subset_names:
+            if subset not in SUBSET_NAME_WHITELIST:
                 raise DatasetExportError(
-                    f"The allowed subset name is in {self.allowed_subset_names}, "
+                    f"The allowed subset name should be in {SUBSET_NAME_WHITELIST}, "
                     f'so that subset "{subset}" is not allowed.'
                 )
 

src/datumaro/plugins/specs.json

@@ -1834,6 +1834,11 @@
     "plugin_name": "anns_to_labels",
     "plugin_type": "Transform"
   },
+  {
+    "import_path": "datumaro.plugins.transforms.AstypeAnnotations",
+    "plugin_name": "astype_annotations",
+    "plugin_type": "Transform"
+  },
   {
     "import_path": "datumaro.plugins.transforms.BboxValuesDecrement",
     "plugin_name": "bbox_values_decrement",
@@ -1954,11 +1959,6 @@
     "plugin_name": "sort",
     "plugin_type": "Transform"
   },
-  {
-    "import_path": "datumaro.plugins.transforms.AstypeAnnotations",
-    "plugin_name": "astype_annotations",
-    "plugin_type": "Transform"
-  },
   {
     "import_path": "datumaro.plugins.validators.ClassificationValidator",
     "plugin_name": "classification",

src/datumaro/util/definitions.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 DEFAULT_SUBSET_NAME = "default"
 BboxIntCoords = Tuple[int, int, int, int]  # (x, y, w, h)
 SUBSET_NAME_BLACKLIST = {"labels", "images", "annotations", "instances"}
+SUBSET_NAME_WHITELIST = {"train", "test", "val"}
 
 
 def get_datumaro_cache_dir(