useQueryParams

A React Hook for managing state in URL query parameters with easy serialization.

Works with React Router and Reach Router out of the box. TypeScript supported.

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Installation | Usage | Examples | API | Demo

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When creating apps with easily shareable URLs, you often want to encode state as query parameters, but all query parameters must be encoded as strings. useQueryParams allows you to easily encode and decode data of any type as query parameters with smart memoization to prevent creating unnecessary duplicate objects. It uses serialize-query-params.

Not ready for hooks? Check out react-url-query for a higher-order component (HOC) approach.

Installation

Using npm:

$ npm install --save use-query-params

Link your routing system (e.g., React Router example, Reach Router example):

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import { BrowserRouter as Router, Route } from 'react-router-dom';
import { QueryParamProvider } from 'use-query-params';
import App from './App';

ReactDOM.render(
  <Router>
    <QueryParamProvider ReactRouterRoute={Route}>
      <App />
    </QueryParamProvider>
  </Router>,
  document.getElementById('root')
);

Usage

Add the hook to your component. There are two options: useQueryParam:

import * as React from 'react';
import { useQueryParam, NumberParam, StringParam } from 'use-query-params';

const UseQueryParamExample = () => {
  // something like: ?x=123&foo=bar in the URL
  const [num, setNum] = useQueryParam('x', NumberParam);
  const [foo, setFoo] = useQueryParam('foo', StringParam);

  return (
    <div>
      <h1>num is {num}</h1>
      <button onClick={() => setNum(Math.random())}>Change</button>
      <h1>foo is {foo}</h1>
      <button onClick={() => setFoo(`str${Math.random()}`)}>Change</button>
    </div>
  );
};

export default UseQueryParamExample;

Or useQueryParams:

import * as React from 'react';
import {
  useQueryParams,
  StringParam,
  NumberParam,
  ArrayParam,
} from 'use-query-params';

const UseQueryParamsExample = () => {
  // something like: ?x=123&q=foo&filters=a&filters=b&filters=c in the URL
  const [query, setQuery] = useQueryParams({
    x: NumberParam,
    q: StringParam,
    filters: ArrayParam,
  });
  const { x: num, q: searchQuery, filters = [] } = query;

  return (
    <div>
      <h1>num is {num}</h1>
      <button onClick={() => setQuery({ x: Math.random() })}>Change</button>
      <h1>searchQuery is {searchQuery}</h1>
      <h1>There are {filters.length} filters active.</h1>
      <button
        onClick={() =>
          setQuery(
            { x: Math.random(), filters: [...filters, 'foo'], q: 'bar' },
            'push'
          )
        }
      >
        Change All
      </button>
    </div>
  );
};

export default UseQueryParamsExample;

Examples

A few basic examples have been put together to demonstrate how useQueryParams works with different routing systems.

• React Router Example
• Reach Router Example

API

• UrlUpdateType
• Param Types
• useQueryParam
• useQueryParams
• encodeQueryParams
• QueryParamProvider
• Type Definitions and from serialize-query-params.
• Serialization Utility Functions

For convenience, use-query-params exports all of the serialize-query-params library. This includes most functions from query-string, which is used internally.

UrlUpdateType

The UrlUpdateType is a string type definings the different methods for updating the URL:

• 'replaceIn': Replace just a single parameter, leaving the rest as is
• 'replace': Replace all parameters with just those specified
• 'pushIn': Push just a single parameter, leaving the rest as is (back button works)
• 'push': Push all parameters with just those specified (back button works)

Param Types

See all param definitions from serialize-query-params here. You can define your own parameter types by creating an object with an encode and a decode function. See the existing definitions for examples.

Note that all nully values will encode and decode as undefined.

Examples in this table assume query parameter named qp.

Param	Type	Example Decoded	Example Encoded
StringParam	string	'foo'	?qp=foo
NumberParam	number	123	?qp=123
ObjectParam	{ key: string }	{ foo: 'bar', baz: 'zzz' }	?qp=foo-bar_baz-zzz
ArrayParam	string[]	['a','b','c']	?qp=a&qp=b&qp=c
JsonParam	any	{ foo: 'bar' }	?qp=%7B%22foo%22%3A%22bar%22%7D
DateParam	Date	Date(2019, 2, 1)	?qp=2019-03-01
BooleanParam	boolean	true	?qp=1
NumericObjectParam	{ key: number }	{ foo: 1, bar: 2 }	?qp=foo-1_bar-2
DelimitedArrayParam	string[]	['a','b','c']	?qp=a_b_c'
DelimitedNumericArrayParam	number[]	[1, 2, 3]	?qp=1_2_3'

Example

import { ArrayParam, useQueryParam, useQueryParams } from 'use-query-params';

// typically used with the hooks:
const [foo, setFoo] = useQueryParam('foo', ArrayParam);
// - OR -
const [query, setQuery] = useQueryParams({ foo: ArrayParam });

Example with Custom Param

You can define your own params if the ones shipped with this package don't work for you. There are included serialization utility functions to make this easier, but you can use whatever you like.

import {
  encodeDelimitedArray,
  decodeDelimitedArray
} from 'use-query-params';

/** Uses a comma to delimit entries. e.g. ['a', 'b'] => qp?=a,b */
const CommaArrayParam = {
  encode: (array: string[] | null | undefined) => 
    encodeDelimitedArray(array, ','),

  decode: (arrayStr: string | string[] | null | undefined) => 
    decodeDelimitedArray(arrayStr, ',')
};

useQueryParam

useQueryParam<T>(name: string, paramConfig: QueryParamConfig<T>, rawQuery?: ParsedQuery):
  [T | undefined, (newValue: T, updateType?: UrlUpdateType) => void]

Given a query param name and query parameter configuration { encode, decode } return the decoded value and a setter for updating it.

The setter takes two arguments (newValue, updateType) where updateType is one of 'replace' | 'replaceIn' | 'push' | 'pushIn', defaulting to 'replaceIn'.

You may optionally pass in a rawQuery object, otherwise the query is derived from the location available in the QueryParamContext.

Example

import { useQueryParam, NumberParam } from 'use-query-params';

// reads query parameter `foo` from the URL and stores its decoded numeric value
const [foo, setFoo] = useQueryParam('foo', NumberParam);
setFoo(500);
setFoo(123, 'push');

useQueryParams

useQueryParams<QPCMap extends QueryParamConfigMap>(paramConfigMap: QPCMap):
  [DecodedValueMap<QPCMap>, SetQuery<QPCMap>]

Given a query parameter configuration (mapping query param name to { encode, decode }), return an object with the decoded values and a setter for updating them.

The setter takes two arguments (newQuery, updateType) where updateType is one of 'replace' | 'replaceIn' | 'push' | 'pushIn', defaulting to 'replaceIn'.

Example

import { useQueryParams, StringParam, NumberParam } from 'use-query-params';

// reads query parameters `foo` and `bar` from the URL and stores their decoded values
const [query, setQuery] = useQueryParams({ foo: NumberParam, bar: StringParam });
setQuery({ foo: 500 })
setQuery({ foo: 123, bar: 'zzz' }, 'push');

Example with Custom Parameter Type Parameter types are just objects with { encode, decode } functions. You can provide your own if the provided ones don't work for your use case.

import { useQueryParams } from 'use-query-params';

const MyParam = {
  encode(value) {
    return `${value * 10000}`;
  }

  decode(strValue) {
    return parseFloat(strValue) / 10000;
  }
}

// ?foo=10000 -> query = { foo: 1 }
const [query, setQuery] = useQueryParams({ foo: MyParam });

// goes to ?foo=99000
setQuery({ foo: 99 })

encodeQueryParams

encodeQueryParams<QPCMap extends QueryParamConfigMap>(
  paramConfigMap: QPCMap,
  query: Partial<DecodedValueMap<QPCMap>>
): EncodedQueryWithNulls

Convert the values in query to strings via the encode functions configured in paramConfigMap. This can be useful for constructing links using decoded query parameters.

Example

import { encodeQueryParams, NumberParam, stringify } from 'use-query-params';

// encode each parameter according to the configuration
const encodedQuery = encodeQueryParams({ foo: NumberParam }, { foo });
const link = `/?${stringify(encodedQuery)}`;

QueryParamProvider

// Use one of these:
<QueryParamProvider ReactRouterRoute={Route}><App /></QueryParamProvider>

<QueryParamProvider reachHistory={globalHisory}><App /></QueryParamProvider>

<QueryParamProvider history={myCustomHistory}><App /></QueryParamProvider>

The QueryParamProvider component links your routing library's history to the useQueryParams hook. It is needed for the hook to be able to update the URL and have the rest of your app know about it.

See the tests or these examples for how to use it:

• React Router Example
• Reach Router Example

Example (Reach Router)

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import { globalHistory, Router } from '@reach/router';
import { QueryParamProvider } from 'use-query-params';
import App from './App';

ReactDOM.render(
  <QueryParamProvider reachHistory={globalHistory}>
    <Router>
      <App default />
    </Router>
  </QueryParamProvider>,
  document.getElementById('root')
);

Development

Run the typescript compiler in watch mode:

npm run dev

You can run an example app:

npm link
cd examples/react-router
npm install
npm link use-query-params
npm start