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English phrases

Sentence starters, transitional and other useful words.

It can sometimes be difficult to start a sentence to express ideas, or find words to show the relationship between ideas. Below is a list of possible sentence starters, transitional and other words that may be useful.

Furthermore, Academic Phrasebank by Dr John Morley is worth taking a closer look.

Table of Contents

Introduce

  • In this essay
  • This essay discusses
  • ...is defined as...
  • ...are identified as...
  • ...is explored...
  • The definition of ... will be given
  • ...is briefly outlined...
  • The issue focused on...
  • ...is demonstrated...
  • ...is included...
  • ...is explained...
  • The key aspect discussed...
  • ...are presented...
  • ...is justified...
  • Views on ... range from ...to...
  • ...is evaluated...
  • ...is examined...
  • The central theme...
  • ...is described...
  • ...is analysed...
  • Emphasised are...

Add background ideas

  • In the past,
  • Historically,
  • Traditionally,
  • Customarily,
  • Beforehand,
  • Originally,
  • Prior to this,
  • Earlier,
  • Formerly,
  • Previously,
  • Over time,
  • At the time of...
  • Conventionally,
  • Foundational to this is...
  • In earlier...
  • Initially,
  • At first,
  • The traditional inter
  • Recently ...
  • Until now,

Add ideas

  • Also,
  • Equally important...
  • Subsequently,
  • Futhermore,
  • Moreover,
  • As well as...
  • Next
  • Another essential point
  • Additionally,
  • More importantly,
  • In the same way
  • Another
  • Then,
  • In addition,
  • Besides,
  • Then agian,
  • Firstly,...secondly,...thirdly,...finally,...
  • To elaborate,

Add rare ideas

  • A few
  • Subsequently,
  • ...is uncommon
  • ...is scarce...
  • Rarely ...
  • ...is rare...
  • ... is unusual ...
  • Seldom ...
  • Few ...
  • Not many ...

Add common ideas

  • Numerous ...
  • Many ...
  • More than ...
  • Several ...
  • Almost all ...
  • The majority ...
  • Most ...
  • Commonly ...
  • Significant ...
  • ... is prevalent ...
  • .. is usual ...
  • Usually ...

Add inconclusive ideas

  • Perhaps ...
  • ... may be ...
  • ... might be ...
  • There is limited evidence
  • ... is debated ...
  • ... is possibly ...
  • ... could ...
  • ... may include ...

Add others' ideas

  • According to
  • Based on the findings of
  • ... proposed that...
  • As explained by
  • ... states that...
  • ... claims that...
  • However,... stated that
  • ... suggested...
  • ... concluded that...
  • Similarly,... stated that
  • ... for example,...
  • ... agreed that...
  • Based on the ideas of
  • ... defined... as
  • .. relates...
  • As identified by...
  • ... disputed that...
  • ... contrasts...
  • With regard to...
  • ... concluded that...
  • ... confirmed that...
  • ... argues...
  • ... highlights...
  • ... demonstrates...
  • ... found that...
  • ... identifies...
  • ... wrote that...
  • ... demonstrated...
  • ... also...
  • ... reported...
  • ... pointed out that...
  • ... maintained that...
  • ... hypothesised that...
  • ..expressed the opinion..
  • ... also mentioned...
  • ... asserts that...
  • ... identified...
  • ..goes on to state/suggest
  • .. emphasises
  • ... challenges the idea...
  • ... showed that...
  • ...explored the idea...

Add examples

  • For example, ...
  • ... as can be seen in ...
  • ... supports ...
  • An illustration of ...
  • ... as demonstrated by ...
  • ... is observed ...
  • Specifically, ...
    • ... is shown ...
  • ... exemplifies ...
  • Such as ...
  • As an example ...
  • To illustrate, ...
  • For instance, ...

Compare and contrast

  • Similarly,
  • In the same way ...
  • Likewise, ...
  • In comparison ...
  • Complementary to this ...
  • Then again, ...
  • However, ...
  • This is in contrast to ...
  • In contrast, ...
  • And yet ...
  • Nevertheless, ...
  • Conversely, ...
  • On the contrary, ...
  • On the other hand, ...
  • Notwithstanding ...
  • Whereas ...
  • In contrast to ...
  • That aside, ...
  • While this is the case ...
  • ... disputes ...
  • Despite this, ...

Show relationships or outcome

  • Therefore ...
  • As a result ...
  • For that reason ...
  • Hence, ...
  • Otherwise, ...
  • Consequently, ...
  • The evidence suggests..
  • It can be seen that ...
  • With regard to ...
  • After examining ....
  • These factors contribute
  • It is apparent that ...
  • Considering..it can be
  • Subsequently, ....
  • The effect is ...
  • The outcome is ...
  • The result ...
  • The correlation ...
  • The relationship ...
  • The link ...
  • The convergence ...
  • The connection ...
  • ... interacts with ...
  • Both ....
  • ... affects ...
  • Thus it is ...
  • ... causes ...
  • ... influences ...
  • ... predicts ...
  • ... leads to ...
  • ... informs ...
  • ... presupposes
  • ... emphasises
  • ... demonstrates ...
  • ... impacts on ...
  • ... supports ...

Conclude

  • In summary,
  • To review,
  • In conclusion,
  • In brief,
  • To summarise,
  • To sum up,
  • To conclude,
  • Thus,
  • Hence,
  • It has been shown that,
  • In short,

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