Implement table function framework

[acquamarin]

This PR implements the table funciton framework and thetable_info(tableName) table function which returns the property names of the given table.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Patch coverage: 98.50% and project coverage change: +0.02 🎉

Comparison is base (faada3f) 91.35% compared to head (a2ce432) 91.38%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #1731      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   91.35%   91.38%   +0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         749      759      +10     
  Lines       27264    27416     +152     
==========================================
+ Hits        24907    25054     +147     
- Misses       2357     2362       +5     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/include/binder/binder.h	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/include/catalog/catalog.h	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/include/common/statement_type.h	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/include/function/built_in_vector_operations.h	100.00% <ø> (ø)
...ical_plan/logical_operator/base_logical_operator.h	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/include/processor/mapper/plan_mapper.h	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/include/processor/operator/physical_operator.h	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/processor/processor.cpp	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/planner/operator/base_logical_operator.cpp	72.05% <50.00%> (-0.67%)	⬇️
src/function/built_in_table_operations.cpp	77.77% <77.77%> (ø)
... and 27 more

... and 2 files with indirect coverage changes

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Do you have feedback about the report comment? Let us know in this issue.