feat(ruler): enables ruler store that uses clients from thanos-io/objstore pkg

[ashwanthgoli]

What this PR does / why we need it:

Rulers already have the necessary code to use the objstore clients created from thanos-io/objstore pkg.

This pr exposes the ruler_storage block which enables users to configure these clients. This is similar to how mimir ruler storage is configured and helps keep the configuration more consistent across the projects. storage block in the ruler configuration is already marked as deprecated

• some of the flag & configs are renamed to reduce the drift with the deprecated settings.
• configdb related code is removed since loki never supported it.

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:
Fixes #

Special notes for your reviewer:
support for other providers (bos, cos, alibabacloud) and the tooling to help with configuration changes will be added in follow-up prs

Checklist

• Reviewed the CONTRIBUTING.md guide (required)
• Documentation added
• Tests updated
• CHANGELOG.md updated
  • If the change is worth mentioning in the release notes, add add-to-release-notes label
• Changes that require user attention or interaction to upgrade are documented in docs/sources/setup/upgrade/_index.md
• For Helm chart changes bump the Helm chart version in production/helm/loki/Chart.yaml and update production/helm/loki/CHANGELOG.md and production/helm/loki/README.md. Example PR
• If the change is deprecating or removing a configuration option, update the deprecated-config.yaml and deleted-config.yaml files respectively in the tools/deprecated-config-checker directory. Example PR