chore: add retries to check-doc-links ci job

[hamidzr]

it often run into transient network issues. a simple retry over the whole process works as low lift solution that we can evaluate over time

Ticket

https://hpe-aiatscale.atlassian.net/browse/RM-259

Description

Test Plan

tests pass
https://app.circleci.com/jobs/github/determined-ai/determined/2548113

Checklist

• Changes have been manually QA'd
• User-facing API changes need the "User-facing API Change" label.
• Release notes should be added as a separate file under docs/release-notes/.
  See Release Note for details.
• Licenses should be included for new code which was copied and/or modified from any external code.

[netlify]

✅ Deploy Preview for determined-ui canceled.

Name	Link
🔨 Latest commit	c2907cc
🔍 Latest deploy log	https://app.netlify.com/sites/determined-ui/deploys/663be393784fc10008816ace

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 45.15%. Comparing base (cc82cc9) to head (c2907cc).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #9335      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   45.13%   45.15%   +0.02%     
==========================================
  Files        1230     1230              
  Lines      154523   154523              
  Branches     2405     2405              
==========================================
+ Hits        69740    69773      +33     
+ Misses      84588    84555      -33     
  Partials      195      195              

Flag	Coverage Δ
backend	41.77% <ø> (+0.06%)	⬆️
harness	64.09% <ø> (ø)
web	36.06% <ø> (ø)

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

see 5 files with indirect coverage changes

[djanicekpach]

looks good to me!