Upgraded to Kubernetes v1.22.12 with EKS-D 1.22-10

[kschumy]

Issue number:

Closes #2395
Closes aws/eks-distro#1228

Description of changes:

This PR updates EKS-D to 1.22-10, which is the latest release. This version includes:

• An upgrade from Kubernetes v1.22.10 to v1.22.12
• Four new patches, which were cherry-picked from upstream. The patch 0013-EKS-PATCH-Overlaid-OS-s-environment-variables-with-t.patch was requested by Bottlerocket for this version. It is not needed for Kubernetes 1.23+, as it is included by upstream Kubernetes.

Testing done:
etungsten:
Build image without problem.
Launched aws-k8s-1.22 as a single node in a K8s 1.23 cluster.
The node comes up fine and pods get scheduled onto the node and runs fine:

$ kubectl get nodes -o wide
NAME                                          STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION                INTERNAL-IP     EXTERNAL-IP     OS-IMAGE                               KERNEL-VERSION   CONTAINER-RUNTIME
ip-192-168-7-125.us-west-2.compute.internal   Ready    <none>   2m24s   v1.22.12-eks-db8a1f5   192.168.7.125   54.185.30.129   Bottlerocket OS 1.9.2 (aws-k8s-1.22)   5.10.130         containerd://1.6.6+bottlerocket

$ kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
default       csi-secrets-store-secrets-store-csi-driver-mswcq   3/3     Running   0          23s
default       nginx-deployment-66b6c48dd5-4pwmt                  1/1     Running   0          21d
default       nginx-deployment-66b6c48dd5-htctk                  1/1     Running   0          21d
default       nginx-deployment-66b6c48dd5-z8hgc                  1/1     Running   0          21d
kube-system   aws-node-7bh2h                                     1/1     Running   0          53s
kube-system   coredns-559b5db75d-8hg49                           1/1     Running   0          21d
kube-system   coredns-559b5db75d-kv6jc                           1/1     Running   0          21d
kube-system   ebs-csi-controller-985774447-94n4f                 6/6     Running   0          21d
kube-system   ebs-csi-controller-985774447-xz7hp                 6/6     Running   0          21d
kube-system   ebs-csi-node-bf4kv                                 3/3     Running   0          23s
kube-system   kube-proxy-x2vrt                                   1/1     Running   0          53s

Terms of contribution:

By submitting this pull request, I agree that this contribution is dual-licensed under the terms of both the Apache License, version 2.0, and the MIT license.