[new] promtail pipeline: Promtail Rate Limit stage grafana#5048 (graf…

…ana#5051) (grafana#5793)

* [new] promtail pipeline:  Promtail Rate Limit stage grafana#5048

* [new] promtail pipeline: Promtail Rate Limit stage grafana#5048 grafana#5051

* [new] promtail pipeline: Promtail Rate Limit stage grafana#5048 grafana#5051

* [new] promtail pipeline: Promtail Rate Limit stage grafana#5048 grafana#5051

* Update clients/pkg/logentry/stages/limit.go

Co-authored-by: Karsten Jeschkies <k@jeschkies.xyz>

* [new] promtail pipeline: Promtail Rate Limit stage grafana#5048 grafana#5051

* [new] promtail pipeline: Promtail Rate Limit stage grafana#5048 grafana#5051

* [new] promtail pipeline: Promtail Rate Limit stage grafana#5048 grafana#5051

* Update docs/sources/clients/promtail/pipelines.md

Co-authored-by: Karen Miller <84039272+KMiller-Grafana@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update docs/sources/clients/promtail/stages/limit.md

Co-authored-by: Karen Miller <84039272+KMiller-Grafana@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update docs/sources/clients/promtail/stages/limit.md

Co-authored-by: Karen Miller <84039272+KMiller-Grafana@users.noreply.github.com>

* [new] promtail pipeline: Promtail Rate Limit stage grafana#5048 grafana#5051

* [new] promtail pipeline: Promtail Rate Limit stage grafana#5048 grafana#5051

* [new] promtail pipeline: Promtail Rate Limit stage grafana#5048 grafana#5051

* [new] promtail pipeline: Promtail Rate Limit stage grafana#5048 grafana#5051

* Update docs/sources/clients/promtail/stages/limit.md

* Update docs/sources/clients/promtail/stages/limit.md

* fix import package

* Update docs/sources/clients/promtail/stages/limit.md

Co-authored-by: Karen Miller <84039272+KMiller-Grafana@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update docs/sources/clients/promtail/stages/limit.md

Co-authored-by: Karen Miller <84039272+KMiller-Grafana@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update docs/sources/clients/promtail/pipelines.md

Co-authored-by: Karen Miller <84039272+KMiller-Grafana@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-authored-by: Karsten Jeschkies <k@jeschkies.xyz>
Co-authored-by: Karen Miller <84039272+KMiller-Grafana@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Cyril Tovena <cyril.tovena@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit 098b5a2)

Co-authored-by: 李国忠 <249032432@qq.com>

clients/pkg/logentry/stages/limit.go

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+package stages
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/go-kit/log"
+	"github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
+	"golang.org/x/time/rate"
+)
+
+const (
+	ErrLimitStageInvalidRateOrBurst = "limit stage failed to parse rate or burst"
+)
+
+var ratelimitDropReason = "ratelimit_drop_stage"
+
+type LimitConfig struct {
+	Rate  float64 `mapstructure:"rate"`
+	Burst int     `mapstructure:"burst"`
+	Drop  bool    `mapstructure:"drop"`
+}
+
+func newLimitStage(logger log.Logger, config interface{}, registerer prometheus.Registerer) (Stage, error) {
+	cfg := &LimitConfig{}
+
+	err := mapstructure.WeakDecode(config, cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	err = validateLimitConfig(cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	r := &limitStage{
+		logger:      log.With(logger, "component", "stage", "type", "limit"),
+		cfg:         cfg,
+		dropCount:   getDropCountMetric(registerer),
+		rateLimiter: rate.NewLimiter(rate.Limit(cfg.Rate), cfg.Burst),
+	}
+	return r, nil
+}
+
+func validateLimitConfig(cfg *LimitConfig) error {
+	if cfg.Rate <= 0 || cfg.Burst <= 0 {
+		return errors.Errorf(ErrLimitStageInvalidRateOrBurst)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// limitStage applies Label matchers to determine if the include stages should be run
+type limitStage struct {
+	logger      log.Logger
+	cfg         *LimitConfig
+	rateLimiter *rate.Limiter
+	dropCount   *prometheus.CounterVec
+}
+
+func (m *limitStage) Run(in chan Entry) chan Entry {
+	out := make(chan Entry)
+	go func() {
+		defer close(out)
+		for e := range in {
+			if !m.shouldThrottle() {
+				out <- e
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+	return out
+}
+
+func (m *limitStage) shouldThrottle() bool {
+	if m.cfg.Drop {
+		if m.rateLimiter.Allow() {
+			return false
+		}
+		m.dropCount.WithLabelValues(ratelimitDropReason).Inc()
+		return true
+	}
+	_ = m.rateLimiter.Wait(context.Background())
+	return false
+}
+
+// Name implements Stage
+func (m *limitStage) Name() string {
+	return StageTypeLimit
+}

clients/pkg/logentry/stages/limit_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package stages
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
+	"github.com/prometheus/common/model"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	util_log "github.com/grafana/loki/pkg/util/log"
+)
+
+// Not all these are tested but are here to make sure the different types marshal without error
+var testLimitWaitYaml = `
+pipeline_stages:
+- json:
+    expressions:
+      app:
+      msg:
+- limit:
+    rate: 1
+    burst: 1
+    drop: false
+`
+
+// Not all these are tested but are here to make sure the different types marshal without error
+var testLimitDropYaml = `
+pipeline_stages:
+- json:
+    expressions:
+      app:
+      msg:
+- limit:
+    rate: 1
+    burst: 1
+    drop: true
+`
+
+// TestLimitPipeline is used to verify we properly parse the yaml config and create a working pipeline
+func TestLimitWaitPipeline(t *testing.T) {
+	registry := prometheus.NewRegistry()
+	plName := "testPipeline"
+	pl, err := NewPipeline(util_log.Logger, loadConfig(testLimitWaitYaml), &plName, registry)
+	logs := make([]Entry, 0)
+	logCount := 5
+	for i := 0; i < logCount; i++ {
+		logs = append(logs, newEntry(nil, model.LabelSet{"app": "loki"}, testMatchLogLineApp1, time.Now()))
+	}
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	out := processEntries(pl,
+		logs...,
+	)
+	// Only the second line will go through.
+	assert.Len(t, out, logCount)
+	assert.Equal(t, out[0].Line, testMatchLogLineApp1)
+}
+
+// TestLimitPipeline is used to verify we properly parse the yaml config and create a working pipeline
+func TestLimitDropPipeline(t *testing.T) {
+	registry := prometheus.NewRegistry()
+	plName := "testPipeline"
+	pl, err := NewPipeline(util_log.Logger, loadConfig(testLimitDropYaml), &plName, registry)
+	logs := make([]Entry, 0)
+	logCount := 10
+	for i := 0; i < logCount; i++ {
+		logs = append(logs, newEntry(nil, model.LabelSet{"app": "loki"}, testMatchLogLineApp1, time.Now()))
+	}
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	out := processEntries(pl,
+		logs...,
+	)
+	// Only the second line will go through.
+	assert.Len(t, out, 1)
+	assert.Equal(t, out[0].Line, testMatchLogLineApp1)
+}

clients/pkg/logentry/stages/stage.go

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ const (
 	StageTypePipeline     = "pipeline"
 	StageTypeTenant       = "tenant"
 	StageTypeDrop         = "drop"
+	StageTypeLimit        = "limit"
 	StageTypeMultiline    = "multiline"
 	StageTypePack         = "pack"
 	StageTypeLabelAllow   = "labelallow"
@@ -183,6 +184,11 @@ func New(logger log.Logger, jobName *string, stageType string,
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
+	case StageTypeLimit:
+		s, err = newLimitStage(logger, cfg, registerer)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 	case StageTypeMultiline:
 		s, err = newMultilineStage(logger, cfg)
 		if err != nil {

docs/sources/clients/promtail/pipelines.md

@@ -221,3 +221,4 @@ Filtering stages:
 
   - [match](../stages/match/): Conditionally run stages based on the label set.
   - [drop](../stages/drop/): Conditionally drop log lines based on several options.
+  - [limit](../stages/limit/): Conditionally rate limit log lines based on several options.

docs/sources/clients/promtail/stages/limit.md

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+---
+title: limit
+---
+# `limit` stage
+
+The `limit` stage is a rate-limiting stage that throttles logs based on several options. 
+
+## Limit stage schema
+
+This pipeline stage places limits on the rate or burst quantity of log lines that Promtail pushes to Loki.
+The concept of having distinct burst and rate limits mirrors the approach to limits that can be set for Loki's distributor component:  `ingestion_rate_mb` and `ingestion_burst_size_mb`, as defined in [limits_config](../../../../configuration/#limits_config).
+
+```yaml
+limit:
+  # The rate limit in lines per second that Promtail will push to Loki
+  [rate: <int>]
+
+  # The cap in the quantity of burst lines that Promtail will push to Loki
+  [burst: <int>]
+
+  # When drop is true, log lines that exceed the current rate limit will be discarded.
+  # When drop is false, log lines that exceed the current rate limit will only wait
+  # to enter the back pressure mode. 
+  [drop: <bool> | default = false]
+```
+
+## Examples
+
+The following are examples showing the use of the `limit` stage.
+
+### limit
+
+Simple `limit` stage configurations.
+
+#### Match a line and throttle
+
+Given the pipeline:
+
+```yaml
+- limit:
+    rate: 10
+    burst: 10
+```
+
+Would throttle any log line.
+
+#### Match a line and drop
+
+Given the pipeline:
+
+```yaml
+- limit:
+    rate: 10
+    burst: 10
+    drop: true
+```
+
+Would throttle any log line and drop logs when rate limit.