Use workspace versioning and relax hashbrown/indexmap deps

[jakelishman]

This commit does two things: first, switch a lot of metadata-definition to use the workspace-package inheritance allowed since Rust 1.64 (including several shared dependencies); second, relax the installation requirements on indexmap and hashbrown to allow both to use their most recent two majors. Dependents can then install rustworkx-core using either (say) hashbrown 0.13.2 or hashbrown 0.14.0 as desired, and similar between indexmap 1.9.3 and indexmap 2.0.0.

This commit leaves the lock file in the hashbrown 0.14.0, indexmap 2.0.0 state, although note that some other crate dependents still use hashbrown 0.12.3 internally, but this doesn't matter for the public API surface. I tested it manually in the hashbrown 0.13.2, indexmap 1.9.3 state by updating those two dependencies with:

cargo update -p 'indexmap@2.0.0' --precise 1.9.3
cargo update -p 'hashmap@0.14.0' --precise 0.13.2
cargo update -p 'hashmap@0.12.3'

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This commit is kind of a proof-of-concept. I'm happy to split the different parts of it into a couple of different commits / PRs if preferred. I only did all the workspace stuff because it was more convenient for me when playing with the versions of packages - I'm totally happy to close this PR and reopen it in a couple of different bits.

Using this, I was able to build Qiskit against rustworkx-core =0.14.0 using both hashbrown 0.13.2 and hashbrown 0.14.0 with a couple of suitable cargo update commands.

Taken verbatim, this PR fixes #911 - it doesn't replace hashbrown, but it does relax the version requirements.

[jakelishman]

It's probably possible to avoid allowing multiple versions of indexmap, but when I first set out, I falsely had it in my head that indexmap 1.9.3 exposed hashbrown types and so would need the flexibility, but I think I was just mistaken about that.

[jakelishman]

Last comment: I left the hashbrown requirement at >=0.13, but I didn't actually bother to try and see if it'd build at 0.12 as well. I can if there's interest.

[mtreinish]

This is a good reminder that I forgot to forward port #929 to main. I did that on stable first for the 0.13.0 bugfix release and the msrv version constraint is lower on 0.13.x so we needed a wider hashmap range.

[jakelishman]

Hahahaha, that's funny - I guess you can just close this PR if it's already done, then.

[mtreinish]

Nah this pr is good, we need the fix on main too and this does it combined with more modern workspace usage.

[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build 5787373908

• 0 of 0 changed or added relevant lines in 0 files are covered.
• No unchanged relevant lines lost coverage.
• Overall coverage remained the same at 96.46%

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Totals
Change from base Build 5787279388:	0.0%
Covered Lines:	15313
Relevant Lines:	15875

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💛 - Coveralls

[IvanIsCoding]

LGTM, this will simplify keeping the dependencies between rustworkx and rustworkx-core consistent in the futre