Fix crash when system locale is complex

[rzats]

Contains

Fixes #5157. Detects if a locale looks like e.g. en_UA and converts it to e.g. en, preventing a game crash.

Also re-enables the ancient part-pirate localization by adding it to the "whitelist" of allowed locales.

How to test

Build from source with a "weird locale" (I did this on a non-M1/M2 Mac) and verify the game no longer crashes :)

code changes look good, but it's questionable if they're actually necessary... cannot reproduce the issue in #5157 so far

[soloturn]

i do think mixing language and region is the wrong approach. @rzats to my knowledge en_UA would mean that ukraine has a different english variant, so with maybe different words, grammar, etc. that variant of english seems to be not standardized, as @jdrueckert remarks. setting en_IE, en_US, en_UK, en_CA works. the region you live in is set in different variables, here an example from romania, some english variant is set, as it is perfectly fine to use american english in romania, while the other LC_ variables are set to region romania:
https://www.baeldung.com/linux/locale-environment-variables

what does public static Locale.Category[] values() return for you?

see:
https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/docs/api/java.base/java/util/Locale.Category.html

[jdrueckert]

Would it make sense to only do this if the locale cannot be found, e.g. because it's a weird one?
This would allow to keep regional differences like en_US vs en_GB or en_NZ while fixing the macos issue.

[soloturn]

very cool @rzats, thank you!