Fix for #2556

[avishniakov]

Describe changes

I fixed potential TOCTOU vulnerabilities to increase the application's security and robustness.

OSSK-494

Pre-requisites

Please ensure you have done the following:

• I have read the CONTRIBUTING.md document.
• If my change requires a change to docs, I have updated the documentation accordingly.
• I have added tests to cover my changes.
• I have based my new branch on develop and the open PR is targeting develop. If your branch wasn't based on develop read Contribution guide on rebasing branch to develop.
• If my changes require changes to the dashboard, these changes are communicated/requested.

Types of changes

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)
• Other (add details above)

Summary by CodeRabbit

• Refactor
  • Enhanced file handling security and control across various components by adopting more secure methods for file operations.

[coderabbitai]

Walkthrough

Walkthrough

The recent updates across several files in ZenML's codebase primarily focus on enhancing file handling security and control. By shifting to a combination of os.fdopen and os.open for file operations, alongside specific flags and modes, the updates aim to offer more granular control over file permissions. This method replaces the straightforward use of open, aligning with best practices for secure file handling in critical areas like credential storage and SSL verification.

Changes

File Path	Summary
.../label_studio/annotators/label_studio_annotator.py	Modified GCP credentials file handling using os.fdopen and os.open.
.../zen_stores/rest_zen_store.py	Updated SSL file handling in validate_verify_ssl, removing chmod.
.../zen_stores/sql_zen_store.py	Enhanced file operation security within _validate_url by using os.fdopen and os.open.

Possibly related issues

• Issue [BUG]: File priviledge changing timing, potential TOCTOU #2566: The modifications in file handling could potentially address the TOCTOU (Time Of Check To Time Of Use) vulnerability concerns raised in this issue by ensuring files are created with secure permissions from the outset.

🐇✨
In the world of code, where files are a treasure,
We hop to secure, with measures of pleasure.
No longer open, so wide and so free,
We lock down with os.fdopen, as safe as can be.
Across the fields of ZenML, we leap and we bound,
Ensuring our files, in security, are sound.
🌟🐾

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Recent Review Details

Configuration used: .coderabbit.yaml

Commits

Files that changed from the base of the PR and between 7b8cd2f and ed87040.

Files selected for processing (3)

• src/zenml/integrations/label_studio/annotators/label_studio_annotator.py (1 hunks)
• src/zenml/zen_stores/rest_zen_store.py (1 hunks)
• src/zenml/zen_stores/sql_zen_store.py (1 hunks)

Additional Context Used

Path-based Instructions (3)

src/zenml/integrations/label_studio/annotators/label_studio_annotator.py (1)

Pattern src/zenml/**/*.py: Review the Python code for conformity with Python best practices.

src/zenml/zen_stores/rest_zen_store.py (1)

Pattern src/zenml/**/*.py: Review the Python code for conformity with Python best practices.

src/zenml/zen_stores/sql_zen_store.py (1)

Pattern src/zenml/**/*.py: Review the Python code for conformity with Python best practices.

Additional comments not posted (5)

src/zenml/integrations/label_studio/annotators/label_studio_annotator.py (1)

552-557: The modification to use os.fdopen and os.open for writing GCP credentials to a file is a significant improvement in terms of security. By atomically creating the file with read-write permissions for the owner only (0o600), this change effectively mitigates the TOCTOU vulnerability. Great job on enhancing the security aspect of file handling operations.

src/zenml/zen_stores/rest_zen_store.py (1)

358-360: The modifications to validate_verify_ssl enhance security by using os.fdopen with os.open for secure file handling and removing the chmod operation. This approach minimizes the risk of TOCTOU vulnerabilities and is a good practice for handling sensitive data.

src/zenml/zen_stores/sql_zen_store.py (3)

596-601: Consider adding error handling for file operations.
While the change to use os.fdopen and os.open for file operations enhances security, it's important to also include error handling for these operations. This could involve catching exceptions that may arise from os.open or os.fdopen failing, and logging or handling these errors appropriately. This ensures that the application can gracefully handle scenarios where file operations fail due to permissions issues or filesystem limitations.

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596-601: Review the choice of file access mode.
The use of os.O_RDWR in combination with os.O_CREAT for opening the file suggests that both reading and writing to the file may be intended. However, the file is only written to within this block. If reading from the file is not required, consider using os.O_WRONLY (write-only access) instead of os.O_RDWR (read-write access) to more accurately reflect the intended use and potentially improve clarity and security.

---

596-601: Validate the necessity of creating directories.
The code snippet assumes the existence of secret_folder and creates it if it does not exist. While this is generally a good practice, it's important to ensure that this operation is necessary and secure within the context of the application. Creating directories and files with sensitive information should be done with caution, considering the overall security posture of the application. Additionally, consider verifying the permissions of the created directory to ensure they align with security best practices.

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[avishniakov]

@coderabbitai review