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server.js
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server.js
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import bencode from 'bencode'
import Debug from 'debug'
import dgram from 'dgram'
import EventEmitter from 'events'
import http from 'http'
import peerid from 'bittorrent-peerid'
import series from 'run-series'
import string2compact from 'string2compact'
import { WebSocketServer } from 'ws'
import { hex2bin } from 'uint8-util'
import common from './lib/common.js'
import Swarm from './lib/server/swarm.js'
import parseHttpRequest from './lib/server/parse-http.js'
import parseUdpRequest from './lib/server/parse-udp.js'
import parseWebSocketRequest from './lib/server/parse-websocket.js'
const debug = Debug('bittorrent-tracker:server')
const hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty
/**
* BitTorrent tracker server.
*
* HTTP service which responds to GET requests from torrent clients. Requests include
* metrics from clients that help the tracker keep overall statistics about the torrent.
* Responses include a peer list that helps the client participate in the torrent.
*
* @param {Object} opts options object
* @param {Number} opts.interval tell clients to announce on this interval (ms)
* @param {Number} opts.trustProxy trust 'x-forwarded-for' header from reverse proxy
* @param {boolean|Object} opts.http start an http server?, or options for http.createServer (default: true)
* @param {boolean|Object} opts.udp start a udp server?, or extra options for dgram.createSocket (default: true)
* @param {boolean|Object} opts.ws start a websocket server?, or extra options for new WebSocketServer (default: true)
* @param {boolean} opts.stats enable web-based statistics? (default: true)
* @param {function} opts.filter black/whitelist fn for disallowing/allowing torrents
*/
class Server extends EventEmitter {
constructor (opts = {}) {
super()
debug('new server %s', JSON.stringify(opts))
this.intervalMs = opts.interval
? opts.interval
: 10 * 60 * 1000 // 10 min
this._trustProxy = !!opts.trustProxy
if (typeof opts.filter === 'function') this._filter = opts.filter
this.peersCacheLength = opts.peersCacheLength
this.peersCacheTtl = opts.peersCacheTtl
this._listenCalled = false
this.listening = false
this.destroyed = false
this.torrents = {}
this.http = null
this.udp4 = null
this.udp6 = null
this.ws = null
// start an http tracker unless the user explictly says no
if (opts.http !== false) {
this.http = http.createServer(isObject(opts.http) ? opts.http : undefined)
this.http.on('error', err => { this._onError(err) })
this.http.on('listening', onListening)
// Add default http request handler on next tick to give user the chance to add
// their own handler first. Handle requests untouched by user's handler.
process.nextTick(() => {
this.http.on('request', (req, res) => {
if (res.headersSent) return
this.onHttpRequest(req, res)
})
})
}
// start a udp tracker unless the user explicitly says no
if (opts.udp !== false) {
this.udp4 = this.udp = dgram.createSocket({
type: 'udp4',
reuseAddr: true,
...(isObject(opts.udp) ? opts.udp : undefined)
})
this.udp4.on('message', (msg, rinfo) => { this.onUdpRequest(msg, rinfo) })
this.udp4.on('error', err => { this._onError(err) })
this.udp4.on('listening', onListening)
this.udp6 = dgram.createSocket({
type: 'udp6',
reuseAddr: true,
...(isObject(opts.udp) ? opts.udp : undefined)
})
this.udp6.on('message', (msg, rinfo) => { this.onUdpRequest(msg, rinfo) })
this.udp6.on('error', err => { this._onError(err) })
this.udp6.on('listening', onListening)
}
// start a websocket tracker (for WebTorrent) unless the user explicitly says no
if (opts.ws !== false) {
const noServer = isObject(opts.ws) && opts.ws.noServer
if (!this.http && !noServer) {
this.http = http.createServer()
this.http.on('error', err => { this._onError(err) })
this.http.on('listening', onListening)
// Add default http request handler on next tick to give user the chance to add
// their own handler first. Handle requests untouched by user's handler.
process.nextTick(() => {
this.http.on('request', (req, res) => {
if (res.headersSent) return
// For websocket trackers, we only need to handle the UPGRADE http method.
// Return 404 for all other request types.
res.statusCode = 404
res.end('404 Not Found')
})
})
}
this.ws = new WebSocketServer({
server: noServer ? undefined : this.http,
perMessageDeflate: false,
clientTracking: false,
...(isObject(opts.ws) ? opts.ws : undefined)
})
this.ws.address = () => {
if (noServer) {
throw new Error('address() unavailable with { noServer: true }')
}
return this.http.address()
}
this.ws.on('error', err => { this._onError(err) })
this.ws.on('connection', (socket, req) => {
// Note: socket.upgradeReq was removed in ws@3.0.0, so re-add it.
// https://github.com/websockets/ws/pull/1099
socket.upgradeReq = req
this.onWebSocketConnection(socket)
})
}
if (opts.stats !== false) {
if (!this.http) {
this.http = http.createServer()
this.http.on('error', err => { this._onError(err) })
this.http.on('listening', onListening)
}
// Http handler for '/stats' route
this.http.on('request', (req, res) => {
if (res.headersSent) return
const infoHashes = Object.keys(this.torrents)
let activeTorrents = 0
const allPeers = {}
function countPeers (filterFunction) {
let count = 0
let key
for (key in allPeers) {
if (hasOwnProperty.call(allPeers, key) && filterFunction(allPeers[key])) {
count++
}
}
return count
}
function groupByClient () {
const clients = {}
for (const key in allPeers) {
if (hasOwnProperty.call(allPeers, key)) {
const peer = allPeers[key]
if (!clients[peer.client.client]) {
clients[peer.client.client] = {}
}
const client = clients[peer.client.client]
// If the client is not known show 8 chars from peerId as version
const version = peer.client.version || Buffer.from(peer.peerId, 'hex').toString().substring(0, 8)
if (!client[version]) {
client[version] = 0
}
client[version]++
}
}
return clients
}
function printClients (clients) {
let html = '<ul>\n'
for (const name in clients) {
if (hasOwnProperty.call(clients, name)) {
const client = clients[name]
for (const version in client) {
if (hasOwnProperty.call(client, version)) {
html += `<li><strong>${name}</strong> ${version} : ${client[version]}</li>\n`
}
}
}
}
html += '</ul>'
return html
}
if (req.method === 'GET' && (req.url === '/stats' || req.url === '/stats.json')) {
infoHashes.forEach(infoHash => {
const peers = this.torrents[infoHash].peers
const keys = peers.keys
if (keys.length > 0) activeTorrents++
keys.forEach(peerId => {
// Don't mark the peer as most recently used for stats
const peer = peers.peek(peerId)
if (peer == null) return // peers.peek() can evict the peer
if (!hasOwnProperty.call(allPeers, peerId)) {
allPeers[peerId] = {
ipv4: false,
ipv6: false,
seeder: false,
leecher: false
}
}
if (peer.ip.includes(':')) {
allPeers[peerId].ipv6 = true
} else {
allPeers[peerId].ipv4 = true
}
if (peer.complete) {
allPeers[peerId].seeder = true
} else {
allPeers[peerId].leecher = true
}
allPeers[peerId].peerId = peer.peerId
allPeers[peerId].client = peerid(peer.peerId)
})
})
const isSeederOnly = peer => peer.seeder && peer.leecher === false
const isLeecherOnly = peer => peer.leecher && peer.seeder === false
const isSeederAndLeecher = peer => peer.seeder && peer.leecher
const isIPv4 = peer => peer.ipv4
const isIPv6 = peer => peer.ipv6
const stats = {
torrents: infoHashes.length,
activeTorrents,
peersAll: Object.keys(allPeers).length,
peersSeederOnly: countPeers(isSeederOnly),
peersLeecherOnly: countPeers(isLeecherOnly),
peersSeederAndLeecher: countPeers(isSeederAndLeecher),
peersIPv4: countPeers(isIPv4),
peersIPv6: countPeers(isIPv6),
clients: groupByClient()
}
if (req.url === '/stats.json' || req.headers.accept === 'application/json') {
res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json')
res.end(JSON.stringify(stats))
} else if (req.url === '/stats') {
res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html')
res.end(`
<h1>${stats.torrents} torrents (${stats.activeTorrents} active)</h1>
<h2>Connected Peers: ${stats.peersAll}</h2>
<h3>Peers Seeding Only: ${stats.peersSeederOnly}</h3>
<h3>Peers Leeching Only: ${stats.peersLeecherOnly}</h3>
<h3>Peers Seeding & Leeching: ${stats.peersSeederAndLeecher}</h3>
<h3>IPv4 Peers: ${stats.peersIPv4}</h3>
<h3>IPv6 Peers: ${stats.peersIPv6}</h3>
<h3>Clients:</h3>
${printClients(stats.clients)}
`.replace(/^\s+/gm, '')) // trim left
}
}
})
}
let num = !!this.http + !!this.udp4 + !!this.udp6
const self = this
function onListening () {
num -= 1
if (num === 0) {
self.listening = true
debug('listening')
self.emit('listening')
}
}
}
_onError (err) {
this.emit('error', err)
}
listen (...args) /* port, hostname, onlistening */{
if (this._listenCalled || this.listening) throw new Error('server already listening')
this._listenCalled = true
const lastArg = args[args.length - 1]
if (typeof lastArg === 'function') this.once('listening', lastArg)
const port = toNumber(args[0]) || args[0] || 0
const hostname = typeof args[1] !== 'function' ? args[1] : undefined
debug('listen (port: %o hostname: %o)', port, hostname)
const httpPort = isObject(port) ? (port.http || 0) : port
const udpPort = isObject(port) ? (port.udp || 0) : port
// binding to :: only receives IPv4 connections if the bindv6only sysctl is set 0,
// which is the default on many operating systems
const httpHostname = isObject(hostname) ? hostname.http : hostname
const udp4Hostname = isObject(hostname) ? hostname.udp : hostname
const udp6Hostname = isObject(hostname) ? hostname.udp6 : hostname
if (this.http) this.http.listen(httpPort, httpHostname)
if (this.udp4) this.udp4.bind(udpPort, udp4Hostname)
if (this.udp6) this.udp6.bind(udpPort, udp6Hostname)
}
close (cb = noop) {
debug('close')
this.listening = false
this.destroyed = true
if (this.udp4) {
try {
this.udp4.close()
} catch (err) {}
}
if (this.udp6) {
try {
this.udp6.close()
} catch (err) {}
}
if (this.ws) {
try {
this.ws.close()
} catch (err) {}
}
if (this.http) this.http.close(cb)
else cb(null)
}
createSwarm (infoHash, cb) {
if (ArrayBuffer.isView(infoHash)) infoHash = infoHash.toString('hex')
process.nextTick(() => {
const swarm = this.torrents[infoHash] = new Server.Swarm(infoHash, this)
cb(null, swarm)
})
}
getSwarm (infoHash, cb) {
if (ArrayBuffer.isView(infoHash)) infoHash = infoHash.toString('hex')
process.nextTick(() => {
cb(null, this.torrents[infoHash])
})
}
onHttpRequest (req, res, opts = {}) {
opts.trustProxy = opts.trustProxy || this._trustProxy
let params
try {
params = parseHttpRequest(req, opts)
params.httpReq = req
params.httpRes = res
} catch (err) {
res.end(bencode.encode({
'failure reason': err.message
}))
// even though it's an error for the client, it's just a warning for the server.
// don't crash the server because a client sent bad data :)
this.emit('warning', err)
return
}
this._onRequest(params, (err, response) => {
if (err) {
this.emit('warning', err)
response = {
'failure reason': err.message
}
}
if (this.destroyed) return res.end()
delete response.action // only needed for UDP encoding
res.end(bencode.encode(response))
if (params.action === common.ACTIONS.ANNOUNCE) {
this.emit(common.EVENT_NAMES[params.event], params.addr, params)
}
})
}
onUdpRequest (msg, rinfo) {
let params
try {
params = parseUdpRequest(msg, rinfo)
} catch (err) {
this.emit('warning', err)
// Do not reply for parsing errors
return
}
this._onRequest(params, (err, response) => {
if (err) {
this.emit('warning', err)
response = {
action: common.ACTIONS.ERROR,
'failure reason': err.message
}
}
if (this.destroyed) return
response.transactionId = params.transactionId
response.connectionId = params.connectionId
const buf = makeUdpPacket(response)
try {
const udp = (rinfo.family === 'IPv4') ? this.udp4 : this.udp6
udp.send(buf, 0, buf.length, rinfo.port, rinfo.address)
} catch (err) {
this.emit('warning', err)
}
if (params.action === common.ACTIONS.ANNOUNCE) {
this.emit(common.EVENT_NAMES[params.event], params.addr, params)
}
})
}
onWebSocketConnection (socket, opts = {}) {
opts.trustProxy = opts.trustProxy || this._trustProxy
socket.peerId = null // as hex
socket.infoHashes = [] // swarms that this socket is participating in
socket.onSend = err => {
this._onWebSocketSend(socket, err)
}
socket.onMessageBound = params => {
this._onWebSocketRequest(socket, opts, params)
}
socket.on('message', socket.onMessageBound)
socket.onErrorBound = err => {
this._onWebSocketError(socket, err)
}
socket.on('error', socket.onErrorBound)
socket.onCloseBound = () => {
this._onWebSocketClose(socket)
}
socket.on('close', socket.onCloseBound)
}
_onWebSocketRequest (socket, opts, params) {
try {
params = parseWebSocketRequest(socket, opts, params)
} catch (err) {
socket.send(JSON.stringify({
'failure reason': err.message
}), socket.onSend)
// even though it's an error for the client, it's just a warning for the server.
// don't crash the server because a client sent bad data :)
this.emit('warning', err)
return
}
if (!socket.peerId) socket.peerId = params.peer_id // as hex
this._onRequest(params, (err, response) => {
if (this.destroyed || socket.destroyed) return
if (err) {
socket.send(JSON.stringify({
action: params.action === common.ACTIONS.ANNOUNCE ? 'announce' : 'scrape',
'failure reason': err.message,
info_hash: hex2bin(params.info_hash)
}), socket.onSend)
this.emit('warning', err)
return
}
response.action = params.action === common.ACTIONS.ANNOUNCE ? 'announce' : 'scrape'
let peers
if (response.action === 'announce') {
peers = response.peers
delete response.peers
if (!socket.infoHashes.includes(params.info_hash)) {
socket.infoHashes.push(params.info_hash)
}
response.info_hash = hex2bin(params.info_hash)
// WebSocket tracker should have a shorter interval – default: 2 minutes
response.interval = Math.ceil(this.intervalMs / 1000 / 5)
}
// Skip sending update back for 'answer' announce messages – not needed
if (!params.answer) {
socket.send(JSON.stringify(response), socket.onSend)
debug('sent response %s to %s', JSON.stringify(response), params.peer_id)
}
if (Array.isArray(params.offers)) {
debug('got %s offers from %s', params.offers.length, params.peer_id)
debug('got %s peers from swarm %s', peers.length, params.info_hash)
peers.forEach((peer, i) => {
peer.socket.send(JSON.stringify({
action: 'announce',
offer: params.offers[i].offer,
offer_id: params.offers[i].offer_id,
peer_id: hex2bin(params.peer_id),
info_hash: hex2bin(params.info_hash)
}), peer.socket.onSend)
debug('sent offer to %s from %s', peer.peerId, params.peer_id)
})
}
const done = () => {
// emit event once the announce is fully "processed"
if (params.action === common.ACTIONS.ANNOUNCE) {
this.emit(common.EVENT_NAMES[params.event], params.peer_id, params)
}
}
if (params.answer) {
debug('got answer %s from %s', JSON.stringify(params.answer), params.peer_id)
this.getSwarm(params.info_hash, (err, swarm) => {
if (this.destroyed) return
if (err) return this.emit('warning', err)
if (!swarm) {
return this.emit('warning', new Error('no swarm with that `info_hash`'))
}
// Mark the destination peer as recently used in cache
const toPeer = swarm.peers.get(params.to_peer_id)
if (!toPeer) {
return this.emit('warning', new Error('no peer with that `to_peer_id`'))
}
toPeer.socket.send(JSON.stringify({
action: 'announce',
answer: params.answer,
offer_id: params.offer_id,
peer_id: hex2bin(params.peer_id),
info_hash: hex2bin(params.info_hash)
}), toPeer.socket.onSend)
debug('sent answer to %s from %s', toPeer.peerId, params.peer_id)
done()
})
} else {
done()
}
})
}
_onWebSocketSend (socket, err) {
if (err) this._onWebSocketError(socket, err)
}
_onWebSocketClose (socket) {
debug('websocket close %s', socket.peerId)
socket.destroyed = true
if (socket.peerId) {
socket.infoHashes.slice(0).forEach(infoHash => {
const swarm = this.torrents[infoHash]
if (swarm) {
swarm.announce({
type: 'ws',
event: 'stopped',
numwant: 0,
peer_id: socket.peerId
})
}
})
}
// ignore all future errors
socket.onSend = noop
socket.on('error', noop)
socket.peerId = null
socket.infoHashes = null
if (typeof socket.onMessageBound === 'function') {
socket.removeListener('message', socket.onMessageBound)
}
socket.onMessageBound = null
if (typeof socket.onErrorBound === 'function') {
socket.removeListener('error', socket.onErrorBound)
}
socket.onErrorBound = null
if (typeof socket.onCloseBound === 'function') {
socket.removeListener('close', socket.onCloseBound)
}
socket.onCloseBound = null
}
_onWebSocketError (socket, err) {
debug('websocket error %s', err.message || err)
this.emit('warning', err)
this._onWebSocketClose(socket)
}
_onRequest (params, cb) {
if (params && params.action === common.ACTIONS.CONNECT) {
cb(null, { action: common.ACTIONS.CONNECT })
} else if (params && params.action === common.ACTIONS.ANNOUNCE) {
this._onAnnounce(params, cb)
} else if (params && params.action === common.ACTIONS.SCRAPE) {
this._onScrape(params, cb)
} else {
cb(new Error('Invalid action'))
}
}
_onAnnounce (params, cb) {
const self = this
if (this._filter) {
this._filter(params.info_hash, params, err => {
// Presence of `err` means that this announce request is disallowed
if (err) return cb(err)
getOrCreateSwarm((err, swarm) => {
if (err) return cb(err)
announce(swarm)
})
})
} else {
getOrCreateSwarm((err, swarm) => {
if (err) return cb(err)
announce(swarm)
})
}
// Get existing swarm, or create one if one does not exist
function getOrCreateSwarm (cb) {
self.getSwarm(params.info_hash, (err, swarm) => {
if (err) return cb(err)
if (swarm) return cb(null, swarm)
self.createSwarm(params.info_hash, (err, swarm) => {
if (err) return cb(err)
cb(null, swarm)
})
})
}
function announce (swarm) {
if (!params.event || params.event === 'empty') params.event = 'update'
swarm.announce(params, (err, response) => {
if (err) return cb(err)
if (!response.action) response.action = common.ACTIONS.ANNOUNCE
if (!response.interval) response.interval = Math.ceil(self.intervalMs / 1000)
if (params.compact === 1) {
const peers = response.peers
// Find IPv4 peers
response.peers = string2compact(peers.filter(peer => common.IPV4_RE.test(peer.ip)).map(peer => `${peer.ip}:${peer.port}`))
// Find IPv6 peers
response.peers6 = string2compact(peers.filter(peer => common.IPV6_RE.test(peer.ip)).map(peer => `[${peer.ip}]:${peer.port}`))
} else if (params.compact === 0) {
// IPv6 peers are not separate for non-compact responses
response.peers = response.peers.map(peer => ({
'peer id': hex2bin(peer.peerId),
ip: peer.ip,
port: peer.port
}))
} // else, return full peer objects (used for websocket responses)
cb(null, response)
})
}
}
_onScrape (params, cb) {
if (params.info_hash == null) {
// if info_hash param is omitted, stats for all torrents are returned
// TODO: make this configurable!
params.info_hash = Object.keys(this.torrents)
}
series(params.info_hash.map(infoHash => cb => {
this.getSwarm(infoHash, (err, swarm) => {
if (err) return cb(err)
if (swarm) {
swarm.scrape(params, (err, scrapeInfo) => {
if (err) return cb(err)
cb(null, {
infoHash,
complete: (scrapeInfo && scrapeInfo.complete) || 0,
incomplete: (scrapeInfo && scrapeInfo.incomplete) || 0
})
})
} else {
cb(null, { infoHash, complete: 0, incomplete: 0 })
}
})
}), (err, results) => {
if (err) return cb(err)
const response = {
action: common.ACTIONS.SCRAPE,
files: {},
flags: { min_request_interval: Math.ceil(this.intervalMs / 1000) }
}
results.forEach(result => {
response.files[hex2bin(result.infoHash)] = {
complete: result.complete || 0,
incomplete: result.incomplete || 0,
downloaded: result.complete || 0 // TODO: this only provides a lower-bound
}
})
cb(null, response)
})
}
}
Server.Swarm = Swarm
function makeUdpPacket (params) {
let packet
switch (params.action) {
case common.ACTIONS.CONNECT: {
packet = Buffer.concat([
common.toUInt32(common.ACTIONS.CONNECT),
common.toUInt32(params.transactionId),
params.connectionId
])
break
}
case common.ACTIONS.ANNOUNCE: {
packet = Buffer.concat([
common.toUInt32(common.ACTIONS.ANNOUNCE),
common.toUInt32(params.transactionId),
common.toUInt32(params.interval),
common.toUInt32(params.incomplete),
common.toUInt32(params.complete),
params.peers
])
break
}
case common.ACTIONS.SCRAPE: {
const scrapeResponse = [
common.toUInt32(common.ACTIONS.SCRAPE),
common.toUInt32(params.transactionId)
]
for (const infoHash in params.files) {
const file = params.files[infoHash]
scrapeResponse.push(
common.toUInt32(file.complete),
common.toUInt32(file.downloaded), // TODO: this only provides a lower-bound
common.toUInt32(file.incomplete)
)
}
packet = Buffer.concat(scrapeResponse)
break
}
case common.ACTIONS.ERROR: {
packet = Buffer.concat([
common.toUInt32(common.ACTIONS.ERROR),
common.toUInt32(params.transactionId || 0),
Buffer.from(String(params['failure reason']))
])
break
}
default:
throw new Error(`Action not implemented: ${params.action}`)
}
return packet
}
function isObject (obj) {
return typeof obj === 'object' && obj !== null
}
function toNumber (x) {
x = Number(x)
return x >= 0 ? x : false
}
function noop () {}
export default Server