SUMMARY.md

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U.S. History	page

1. {: .preface} Preface

2. {: .chapter} The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492

   1. The Americas
   2. Europe on the Brink of Change
   3. West Africa and the Role of Slavery

3. {: .chapter} Early Globalization: The Atlantic World, 1492–1650

   1. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest
   2. Religious Upheavals in the Developing Atlantic World
   3. Challenges to Spain’s Supremacy
   4. New Worlds in the Americas: Labor, Commerce, and the Columbian Exchange

4. {: .chapter} Creating New Social Orders: Colonial Societies, 1500–1700

   1. Spanish Exploration and Colonial Society
   2. Colonial Rivalries: Dutch and French Colonial Ambitions
   3. English Settlements in America
   4. The Impact of Colonization

5. {: .chapter} Rule Britannia! The English Empire, 1660–1763

   1. Charles II and the Restoration Colonies
   2. The Glorious Revolution and the English Empire
   3. An Empire of Slavery and the Consumer Revolution
   4. Great Awakening and Enlightenment
   5. Wars for Empire

6. {: .chapter} Imperial Reforms and Colonial Protests, 1763-1774

   1. Confronting the National Debt: The Aftermath of the French and Indian War
   2. The Stamp Act and the Sons and Daughters of Liberty
   3. The Townshend Acts and Colonial Protest
   4. The Destruction of the Tea and the Coercive Acts
   5. Disaffection: The First Continental Congress and American Identity

7. {: .chapter} America's War for Independence, 1775-1783

   1. Britain’s Law-and-Order Strategy and Its Consequences
   2. The Early Years of the Revolution
   3. War in the South
   4. Identity during the American Revolution

8. {: .chapter} Creating Republican Governments, 1776–1790

   1. Common Sense: From Monarchy to an American Republic
   2. How Much Revolutionary Change?
   3. Debating Democracy
   4. The Constitutional Convention and Federal Constitution

9. {: .chapter} Growing Pains: The New Republic, 1790–1820

   1. Competing Visions: Federalists and Democratic-Republicans
   2. The New American Republic
   3. Partisan Politics
   4. The United States Goes Back to War

10. {: .chapter} Industrial Transformation in the North, 1800–1850

    1. Early Industrialization in the Northeast
    2. A Vibrant Capitalist Republic
    3. On the Move: The Transportation Revolution
    4. A New Social Order: Class Divisions

11. {: .chapter} Jacksonian Democracy, 1820–1840

    1. A New Political Style: From John Quincy Adams to Andrew Jackson
    2. The Rise of American Democracy
    3. The Nullification Crisis and the Bank War
    4. Indian Removal
    5. The Tyranny and Triumph of the Majority

12. {: .chapter} A Nation on the Move: Westward Expansion, 1800–1860

    1. Lewis and Clark
    2. The Missouri Crisis
    3. Independence for Texas
    4. The Mexican-American War, 1846–1848
    5. Free Soil or Slave? The Dilemma of the West

13. {: .chapter} Cotton is King: The Antebellum South, 1800–1860

    1. The Economics of Cotton
    2. African Americans in the Antebellum United States
    3. Wealth and Culture in the South
    4. The Filibuster and the Quest for New Slave States

14. {: .chapter} Antebellum Idealism and Reform Impulses, 1820–1860

    1. An Awakening of Religion and Individualism
    2. Antebellum Communal Experiments
    3. Reforms to Human Health
    4. Addressing Slavery
    5. Women’s Rights

15. {: .chapter} Troubled Times: the Tumultuous 1850s

    1. The Compromise of 1850
    2. The Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Republican Party
    3. The Dred Scott Decision and Sectional Strife
    4. John Brown and the Election of 1860

16. {: .chapter} The Civil War, 1860–1865

    1. The Origins and Outbreak of the Civil War
    2. Early Mobilization and War
    3. 1863: The Changing Nature of the War
    4. The Union Triumphant

17. {: .chapter} The Era of Reconstruction, 1865–1877

    1. Restoring the Union
    2. Congress and the Remaking of the South, 1865–1866
    3. Radical Reconstruction, 1867–1872
    4. The Collapse of Reconstruction

18. {: .chapter} Go West Young Man! Westward Expansion, 1840-1900

    1. The Westward Spirit
    2. Homesteading: Dreams and Realities
    3. Making a Living in Gold and Cattle
    4. The Loss of American Indian Life and Culture
    5. The Impact of Expansion on Chinese Immigrants and Hispanic Citizens

19. {: .chapter} Industrialization and the Rise of Big Business, 1870-1900

    1. Inventors of the Age
    2. From Invention to Industrial Growth
    3. Building Industrial America on the Backs of Labor
    4. A New American Consumer Culture

20. {: .chapter} The Growing Pains of Urbanization, 1870-1900

    1. Urbanization and Its Challenges
    2. The African American “Great Migration” and New European Immigration
    3. Relief from the Chaos of Urban Life
    4. Change Reflected in Thought and Writing

21. {: .chapter} Politics in the Gilded Age, 1870-1900

    1. Political Corruption in Postbellum America
    2. The Key Political Issues: Patronage, Tariffs, and Gold
    3. Farmers Revolt in the Populist Era
    4. Social and Labor Unrest in the 1890s

22. {: .chapter} Leading the Way: The Progressive Movement, 1890-1920

    1. The Origins of the Progressive Spirit in America
    2. Progressivism at the Grassroots Level
    3. New Voices for Women and African Americans
    4. Progressivism in the White House

23. {: .chapter} Age of Empire: American Foreign Policy, 1890-1914

    1. Turner, Mahan, and the Roots of Empire
    2. The Spanish-American War and Overseas Empire
    3. Economic Imperialism in East Asia
    4. Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” Foreign Policy
    5. Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy”

24. {: .chapter} Americans and the Great War, 1914-1919

    1. American Isolationism and the European Origins of War
    2. The United States Prepares for War
    3. A New Home Front
    4. From War to Peace
    5. Demobilization and Its Difficult Aftermath

25. {: .chapter} The Jazz Age: Redefining the Nation, 1919-1929

    1. Prosperity and the Production of Popular Entertainment
    2. Transformation and Backlash
    3. A New Generation
    4. Republican Ascendancy: Politics in the 1920s

26. {: .chapter} Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? The Great Depression, 1929-1932

    1. The Stock Market Crash of 1929
    2. President Hoover’s Response
    3. The Depths of the Great Depression
    4. Assessing the Hoover Years on the Eve of the New Deal

27. {: .chapter} Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1941

    1. The Rise of Franklin Roosevelt
    2. The First New Deal
    3. The Second New Deal

28. {: .chapter} Fighting the Good Fight in World War II, 1941-1945

    1. The Origins of War: Europe, Asia, and the United States
    2. The Home Front
    3. Victory in the European Theater
    4. The Pacific Theater and the Atomic Bomb

29. {: .chapter} Post-War Prosperity and Cold War Fears, 1945-1960

    1. The Challenges of Peacetime
    2. The Cold War
    3. The American Dream
    4. Popular Culture and Mass Media
    5. The African American Struggle for Civil Rights

30. {: .chapter} Contesting Futures: America in the 1960s

    1. The Kennedy Promise
    2. Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society
    3. The Civil Rights Movement Marches On
    4. Challenging the Status Quo

31. {: .chapter} Political Storms at Home and Abroad, 1968-1980

    1. Identity Politics in a Fractured Society
    2. Coming Apart, Coming Together
    3. Vietnam: The Downward Spiral
    4. Watergate: Nixon’s Domestic Nightmare
    5. Jimmy Carter in the Aftermath of the Storm

32. {: .chapter} From Cold War to Culture Wars, 1980-2000

    1. The Reagan Revolution
    2. Political and Cultural Fusions
    3. A New World Order
    4. Bill Clinton and the New Economy

33. {: .chapter} The Challenges of the Twenty-First Century

    1. The War on Terror
    2. The Domestic Mission
    3. New Century, Old Disputes
    4. Hope and Change

34. {: .appendix} The Declaration of Independence

35. {: .appendix} The Constitution of the United States

36. {: .appendix} Presidents of the United States of America

37. {: .appendix} U.S. Political Map

38. {: .appendix} U.S. Topographical Map

39. {: .appendix} United States Population Chart

40. {: .appendix} Further Reading