Name: Go
Creator(s): Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike and Ken Thompson
Date: November 10, 2009
Website: go.dev
Go is an open source programming language modeled after C. Its advantage is that it compiles faster than C/C++ and that it compiles to binary files so you don't need a virtual machine (like in Java, for example). Go is primarily used as a backend language in web development.
In Go variables are declared using the var keyword like this, var i = 1. If you want you can also optionally specify the data type like this, var i int = 1.
Go supports the classic if/else statement, you can also use else if as well as switches. The general form of a if/else statement in Go is as follows:
if condition {
// Code here.
} else {
// Code here.
}Go supports the traditional for loop, it could be a basic single condition loop like this:
var i = 1
for i <= 10 {
fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("i = %d", i))
i += 1
}Or the more classic initial/condition/after style like this:
for j := 1; j <= 10; j++ {
fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("j = %d", j))
}The general form of a function definition in Go is as follows:
func function_name(arg1 type, arg2 type) return_type {
// Body of the function here.
}You must specify the argument data types but specifying the return type is optional.
In Go classes are called structures. You can initialize a structure with the key words type and struct, inside the structure you can define its properties and their data types, as shown below.
type Books struct {
title string
author string
subject string
book_id int
}
var Book Books
Book.title = "Go Programming"
Book.author = "Mahesh Kumar"
Book.subject = "Go Programming Tutorial"
Book.book_id = 6495407
fmt.Printf("Book title: %s\n", Book.title)
fmt.Printf("Book author: %s\n", Book.author)
fmt.Printf("Book subject: %s\n", Book.subject)
fmt.Printf("Book book_id: %d\n", Book.book_id)Once a structure is defined you can create an instance of the structure and save it to a variable like this var Book Books. You can then assign and read the properties of the object using dot notation, as shown above.