pcm-numa.cpp

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 */
// written by Roman Dementiev


/*!     \file pcm-numa.cpp
  \brief Example of using CPU counters: implements a performance counter monitoring utility for NUMA (remote and local memory accesses counting). Example for programming offcore response events
*/
#define HACK_TO_REMOVE_DUPLICATE_ERROR
#include <iostream>
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <windows.h>
#include "../PCM_Win/windriver.h"
#else
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/time.h> // for gettimeofday()
#endif
#include <math.h>
#include <iomanip>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <string>
#include <assert.h>
#include "cpucounters.h"
#include "utils.h"
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include "freegetopt/getopt.h"
#endif

#include <vector>
#define PCM_DELAY_DEFAULT 1.0       // in seconds
#define PCM_DELAY_MIN 0.015         // 15 milliseconds is practical on most modern CPUs
#define PCM_CALIBRATION_INTERVAL 50 // calibrate clock only every 50th iteration

using namespace std;

void print_usage(const string progname)
{
    cerr << endl << " Usage: " << endl << " " << progname
         << " --help | [delay] [options] [-- external_program [external_program_options]]" << endl;
    cerr << "   <delay>                           => time interval to sample performance counters." << endl;
    cerr << "                                        If not specified, or 0, with external program given" << endl;
    cerr << "                                        will read counters only after external program finishes" << endl;
    cerr << " Supported <options> are: " << endl;
    cerr << "  -h    | --help  | /h               => print this help and exit" << endl;
    cerr << "  -csv[=file.csv] | /csv[=file.csv]  => output compact CSV format to screen or" << endl
         << "                                        to a file, in case filename is provided" << endl;
    cerr << " Examples:" << endl;
    cerr << "  " << progname << " 1                  => print counters every second without core and socket output" << endl;
    cerr << "  " << progname << " 0.5 -csv=test.log  => twice a second save counter values to test.log in CSV format" << endl;
    cerr << "  " << progname << " /csv 5 2>/dev/null => one sample every 5 seconds, and discard all diagnostic output" << endl;
    cerr << endl;
}

template <class StateType>
void print_stats(const StateType & BeforeState, const StateType & AfterState, bool csv)
{
    uint64 cycles = getCycles(BeforeState, AfterState);
    uint64 instr = getInstructionsRetired(BeforeState, AfterState);

    if (csv)
    {
        cout << double(instr) / double(cycles) << ",";
        cout << instr << ",";
        cout << cycles << ",";
    }
    else
    {
        cout << double(instr) / double(cycles) << "       ";
        cout << unit_format(instr) << "     ";
        cout << unit_format(cycles) << "      ";
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
        if (!csv)
            cout << unit_format(getNumberOfCustomEvents(i, BeforeState, AfterState)) << "              ";
        else
            cout << getNumberOfCustomEvents(i, BeforeState, AfterState) << ",";

    cout << "\n";
}


int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
    set_signal_handlers();

#ifdef PCM_FORCE_SILENT
    null_stream nullStream1, nullStream2;
    std::cout.rdbuf(&nullStream1);
    std::cerr.rdbuf(&nullStream2);
#endif

    cerr << endl;
    cerr << " Processor Counter Monitor: NUMA monitoring utility " << endl;
    cerr << endl;

    double delay = -1.0;
    char * sysCmd = NULL;
    char ** sysArgv = NULL;
    bool csv = false;
    long diff_usec = 0;                            // deviation of clock is useconds between measurements
    int calibrated = PCM_CALIBRATION_INTERVAL - 2; // keeps track is the clock calibration needed
    string program = string(argv[0]);

    PCM * m = PCM::getInstance();

    if (argc > 1) do
        {
            argv++;
            argc--;
            if (strncmp(*argv, "--help", 6) == 0 ||
                strncmp(*argv, "-h", 2) == 0 ||
                strncmp(*argv, "/h", 2) == 0)
            {
                print_usage(program);
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
            }
            else if (strncmp(*argv, "-csv", 4) == 0 ||
                     strncmp(*argv, "/csv", 4) == 0)
            {
                csv = true;
                string cmd = string(*argv);
                size_t found = cmd.find('=', 4);
                if (found != string::npos) {
                    string filename = cmd.substr(found + 1);
                    if (!filename.empty()) {
                        m->setOutput(filename);
                    }
                }
                continue;
            }
            else if (strncmp(*argv, "--", 2) == 0)
            {
                argv++;
                sysCmd = *argv;
                sysArgv = argv;
                break;
            }
            else
            {
                // any other options positional that is a floating point number is treated as <delay>,
                // while the other options are ignored with a warning issues to stderr
                double delay_input;
                std::istringstream is_str_stream(*argv);
                is_str_stream >> noskipws >> delay_input;
                if (is_str_stream.eof() && !is_str_stream.fail()) {
                    delay = delay_input;
                } else {
                    cerr << "WARNING: unknown command-line option: \"" << *argv << "\". Ignoring it." << endl;
                    print_usage(program);
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                continue;
            }
        } while (argc > 1); // end of command line partsing loop

    EventSelectRegister def_event_select_reg;
    def_event_select_reg.value = 0;
    def_event_select_reg.fields.usr = 1;
    def_event_select_reg.fields.os = 1;
    def_event_select_reg.fields.enable = 1;

    PCM::ExtendedCustomCoreEventDescription conf;
    conf.fixedCfg = NULL; // default
    conf.nGPCounters = 4;
    
    try {
        m->setupCustomCoreEventsForNuma(conf);
    }
    catch (UnsupportedProcessorException& e) {
        std::cerr << "pcm-numa tool does not support your processor currently." << std::endl;
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    EventSelectRegister regs[4];
    conf.gpCounterCfg = regs;
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
        regs[i] = def_event_select_reg;

    regs[0].fields.event_select = OFFCORE_RESPONSE_0_EVTNR; // OFFCORE_RESPONSE 0 event
    regs[0].fields.umask =        OFFCORE_RESPONSE_0_UMASK;
    regs[1].fields.event_select = OFFCORE_RESPONSE_1_EVTNR; // OFFCORE_RESPONSE 1 event
    regs[1].fields.umask =        OFFCORE_RESPONSE_1_UMASK;

    PCM::ErrorCode status = m->program(PCM::EXT_CUSTOM_CORE_EVENTS, &conf);
    switch (status)
    {
    case PCM::Success:
        break;
    case PCM::MSRAccessDenied:
        cerr << "Access to Processor Counter Monitor has denied (no MSR or PCI CFG space access)." << endl;
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    case PCM::PMUBusy:
        cerr << "Access to Processor Counter Monitor has denied (Performance Monitoring Unit is occupied by other application). Try to stop the application that uses PMU." << endl;
        cerr << "Alternatively you can try to reset PMU configuration at your own risk. Try to reset? (y/n)" << endl;
        char yn;
        std::cin >> yn;
        if ('y' == yn)
        {
            m->resetPMU();
            cerr << "PMU configuration has been reset. Try to rerun the program again." << endl;
        }
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    default:
        cerr << "Access to Processor Counter Monitor has denied (Unknown error)." << endl;
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    cerr << "\nDetected " << m->getCPUBrandString() << " \"Intel(r) microarchitecture codename " << m->getUArchCodename() << "\"" << endl;

    uint64 BeforeTime = 0, AfterTime = 0;
    SystemCounterState SysBeforeState, SysAfterState;
    const uint32 ncores = m->getNumCores();
    std::vector<CoreCounterState> BeforeState, AfterState;
    std::vector<SocketCounterState> DummySocketStates;

    if ((sysCmd != NULL) && (delay <= 0.0)) {
        // in case external command is provided in command line, and
        // delay either not provided (-1) or is zero
        m->setBlocked(true);
    } else {
        m->setBlocked(false);
    }

    if (csv) {
        if (delay <= 0.0) delay = PCM_DELAY_DEFAULT;
    } else {
        // for non-CSV mode delay < 1.0 does not make a lot of practical sense:
        // hard to read from the screen, or
        // in case delay is not provided in command line => set default
        if (((delay < 1.0) && (delay > 0.0)) || (delay <= 0.0)) delay = PCM_DELAY_DEFAULT;
    }

    cerr << "Update every " << delay << " seconds" << endl;

    std::cout.precision(2);
    std::cout << std::fixed;

    BeforeTime = m->getTickCount();
    m->getAllCounterStates(SysBeforeState, DummySocketStates, BeforeState);

    if (sysCmd != NULL) {
        MySystem(sysCmd, sysArgv);
    }

    while (1)
    {
        if (!csv) cout << std::flush;
        int delay_ms = int(delay * 1000);
        int calibrated_delay_ms = delay_ms;
#ifdef _MSC_VER
        // compensate slow Windows console output
        if (AfterTime) delay_ms -= (int)(m->getTickCount() - BeforeTime);
        if (delay_ms < 0) delay_ms = 0;
#else
        // compensation of delay on Linux/UNIX
        // to make the samling interval as monotone as possible
        struct timeval start_ts, end_ts;
        if (calibrated == 0) {
            gettimeofday(&end_ts, NULL);
            diff_usec = (end_ts.tv_sec - start_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000.0 + (end_ts.tv_usec - start_ts.tv_usec);
            calibrated_delay_ms = delay_ms - diff_usec / 1000.0;
        }
#endif

        MySleepMs(calibrated_delay_ms);

#ifndef _MSC_VER
        calibrated = (calibrated + 1) % PCM_CALIBRATION_INTERVAL;
        if (calibrated == 0) {
            gettimeofday(&start_ts, NULL);
        }
#endif
        AfterTime = m->getTickCount();
        m->getAllCounterStates(SysAfterState, DummySocketStates, AfterState);

        cout << "Time elapsed: " << dec << fixed << AfterTime - BeforeTime << " ms\n";
        //cout << "Called sleep function for "<<dec<<fixed<<delay_ms<<" ms\n";

        if (csv)
            cout << "Core,IPC,Instructions,Cycles,Local DRAM accesses,Remote DRAM accesses \n";
        else
            cout << "Core | IPC  | Instructions | Cycles  |  Local DRAM accesses | Remote DRAM Accesses \n";

        for (uint32 i = 0; i < ncores; ++i)
        {
            if (csv)
                cout << i << ",";
            else
                cout << " " << setw(3) << i << "   " << setw(2);

            print_stats(BeforeState[i], AfterState[i], csv);
        }


        if (csv)
            cout << "*,";
        else
        {
            cout << "-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
            cout << "   *   ";
        }

        print_stats(SysBeforeState, SysAfterState, csv);

        std::cout << std::endl;

        swap(BeforeTime, AfterTime);
        swap(BeforeState, AfterState);
        swap(SysBeforeState, SysAfterState);

        if (m->isBlocked()) {
            // in case PCM was blocked after spawning child application: break monitoring loop here
            break;
        }
    }

    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}