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Universal Access (Accessibility)
Garrett LeSage edited this page Feb 27, 2018
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Terms:
- Accessibility: being able to access something (implies disability)
- Universal Access: making sure everyone can use something (inclusive of all)
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Inclusive design: designing to covere the needs for everyone, keeping in mind any special situational, temporary, or permament accomodations
- Microsoft has an amazing document (PDF) on this exact topic.
- Installing NVDA on Linux
- ChromeVox HowTo (easier to install & set up on Linux — but, caution: it's not what our users will be using)
- Accessibility Fundamentals with Rob Dodson (video)
- MDN Accessibility overview
- "Accessibility is hard" intro @ ALLY Project
- ARIA Authoring Practices: A "cheat-sheet" reference to make sure widgets (both built-in and custom-made) are accessible.
- The A11Y Project: A community-driven effort to make web accessibility easier
- WebAIM: Non-profit to help make the web more accessible
Section 508 is law in the USA, to ensure everyone can use something.
- HTML checklist:
- Development Methodology for Section 508 Compliance (pdf)
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Tabindex
- summary: use 0 or -1, but nothing higher
- Skip link
- ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications)
- ARIA @ MDN
- "First rule of ARIA club" is to not use ARIA, unless there's no other way (that is: if there's a semantic element that provides the feature, use that instead — it's much prefered and simpler than marking up everything with ARIA)
- Landmarks
- Articles
- Landmarks: HTML5 vs. ARIA
- AIRA tabs (danger!)
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Don’t Use ARIA Menu Roles for Site Nav
- "A properly-coded web page navigation menu needs no ARIA. Once you add ARIA, however, you have put yourself on the hook to handle some complex interactions."
- "Somehow many developers have come to the conclusion that a web page is inaccessible unless it uses ARIA. This is a combination of patterns that do not use semantic HTML, a misunderstanding of ARIA, and not having practical experience with assistive technology."
- "Tutorials often get it wrong, such as the always useless W3 Schools in its Bootstrap documentation. Not that Bootstrap is off the hook, given that its 2.x documentation recommended menu roles and I still see that code copy-pasted into projects today."
- aXe: https://www.axe-core.org/
- Accessibility Developer Tools: https://github.com/GoogleChrome/accessibility-developer-tools
- aXe Extension: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/axe-devtools/
- WAVE (WebAIM): https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/wave-accessibility-tool/
- Tota11y: Accessibility toolkit: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tota11y-accessibility-toolkit/
- Based on Tota11y by Khan Academy: https://khan.github.io/tota11y/
- Orca is included in GNOME
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speech-dispatcher-flite
adds a better voice for Orca (which is used once it's selected) -
orca -s
lets you configure Orca, including the voice used
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- Epiphany (GNOME-Web) can use Orca
- Chrome has a plugin called ChromeVox