Curso rápido de Python.ipynb

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   "source": [
    "# Curso rápido de Python\n",
    "\n",
    "**Nota:** Este material no constituye un manual de referencia completo de Python o un curso de programación de computadores en general. Si usted no tiene experiencia programando en Python, se recomienda que revise primero otros materiales, por ejemplo: [CodeCademy: Learn Python (10 hours)](https://www.codecademy.com/courses/learn-python/lessons/python-syntax/exercises/welcome?action=lesson_resume).\n",
    "\n",
    "**Este notebook acompaña las explicaciones de la clase, no incluye explicaciones escritas**\n",
    "\n",
    "Se presentarán los siguientes temas básicos de Python:\n",
    "\n",
    "* Comentarios\n",
    "* Tipos de dato\n",
    "    * Números\n",
    "        * Asignación de variables\n",
    "    * Cadenas (Strings)\n",
    "        * Imprimiendo en pantalla\n",
    "        * Índices de cadenas\n",
    "        * Troceado de cadenas (Slicing)\n",
    "    * Listas\n",
    "    * Diccionarios\n",
    "    * Tuplas \n",
    "    * Conjuntos (Sets)\n",
    "    * Booleanos\n",
    "* Operadores relacionales\n",
    "* Operadores lógicos\n",
    "* Fecha y Hora\n",
    "* Control de flujo\n",
    "    * Condicionales: if, elif, else\n",
    "    * Ciclo for\n",
    "    * Ciclo while\n",
    "* range()\n",
    "* Listas por comprensión (list comprehension)\n",
    "* Funciones\n",
    "* Expresiones lambda\n",
    "* map y filter\n",
    "* Métodos\n",
    "____"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
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   "source": [
    "## Comentarios"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "BIENVENIDAS\n",
      "BOOTCAMP WOMEN,  CIENTIFICAS DE DATOS\n",
      "WELCOME\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Este es un comentario de una sola línea en python\n",
    "print('BIENVENIDAS') # Esto también es un comentario\n",
    " \n",
    "# Este es otro comentario en python\n",
    "# aunque lo hemos escrito en dos lineas\n",
    " \n",
    "\"\"\" Este es un comentario multilinea. La\n",
    "siguiente parte realiza una serie\n",
    "de cosas muy interesantes \"\"\"\n",
    "print('BOOTCAMP WOMEN,  CIENTIFICAS DE DATOS')\n",
    "print('WELCOME') \n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
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   "source": [
    "## Tipos de dato\n",
    "\n",
    "### Números"
   ]
  },
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    "colab_type": "code",
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   "outputs": [
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       "-78"
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     "execution_count": 3,
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   "source": [
    "10 - 88"
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    "1 * 3"
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       "0.5"
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     "execution_count": 5,
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   "source": [
    "1 / 2"
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {
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     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
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    "colab_type": "code",
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       "16"
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     },
     "execution_count": 6,
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   ],
   "source": [
    "2 ** 4"
   ]
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
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    "4 % 2"
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       "1"
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     "execution_count": 8,
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    "5 % 2"
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
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     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
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       "22"
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     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
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   ],
   "source": [
    "# Precedencia de operadores\n",
    "2 + 3 * 5 + 5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
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    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "2bp7sPZwDcht"
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    {
     "data": {
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       "50"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
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    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Los paréntesis pueden modificar la precedencia\n",
    "(2 + 3) * (5 + 5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "Z8EFwYVeDchu"
   },
   "source": [
    "#### Asignación de variables"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
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    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "-46gPuAbDchv"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Nombres de variables: no deben empezar con números ni símbolos especiales e.g. $\n",
    "variable = 2\n",
    "mi_var = 6"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x = 2\n",
    "y = 3"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "execution_count": 13,
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "z = x + y"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
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    "id": "M4uUJIRcDch4"
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "z"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "VWxn86znDch6"
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   "source": [
    "### Cadenas (Strings)"
   ]
  },
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   "execution_count": 15,
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      "startup": false,
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    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ba40VjPWDch8"
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'comilla simple'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'comilla simple'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "rj9RBr35Dch-"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'comillas dobles'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"comillas dobles\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "sZff3MzkDciB"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"uso del caracter de escape para escribir el caracter de comilla simple ' dentro de una cadena con comilla simple\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'uso del caracter de escape para escribir el caracter de comilla simple \\' dentro de una cadena con comilla simple'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ie0r7wJaDciF"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"usando comillas dobles no es necesario el caracter de escape para escribir el caracter de comilla simple ' dentro de una cadena\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"usando comillas dobles no es necesario el caracter de escape para escribir el caracter de comilla simple ' dentro de una cadena\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "g8AbAnTiDciK"
   },
   "source": [
    "#### Imprimiendo en pantalla"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Ei5CmWm9DciL"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x = 'hello'"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "x3I7D4n-DciN"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'hello'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "T5OMEiBODciO"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "hello\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "L2uWE5brDciS"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "num = 12\n",
    "name = 'Laura'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "dF5F-dtHDciU"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Mi número es: 12 y mi nombre es: Laura\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print('Mi número es: {} y mi nombre es: {}'.format(num,name))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "vH8zXxttDciW"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Mi número es: 12 y mi nombre es: Laura\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print('Mi número es: {uno} y mi nombre es: {dos}'.format(uno=num,dos=name))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "gGALnD9_DciX"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Mi número es: 12 y mi nombre es: Laura, otra vez el número: 12\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print('Mi número es: {uno} y mi nombre es: {dos}, otra vez el número: {uno}'.format(uno=num, dos=name))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "uMjpLk5jDcia"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Mi número es: 12 y mi nombre es: Laura\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"Mi número es: %d y mi nombre es: %s\" % (num,name)) "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "9L_F26XpDcic"
   },
   "source": [
    "#### Índices de cadenas"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "SPZyXtDxDcic"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = \"Introducción al Análisis y Visualización de Datos con Python\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "mEis3UffDcih"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'I'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 28,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Iun3pxXXDcik"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'r'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 29,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'n'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[-1]"
   ]
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "gf7voUFyDcim"
   },
   "source": [
    "#### Troceado de cadenas (Slicing)\n",
    "\n",
    "** cadena[inicio:fin:paso] **\n",
    "* inicio (incluído)\n",
    "* fin (excluído)\n",
    "\n",
    "Valores por defecto: \n",
    "* inicio = 0\n",
    "* fin = longitud cadena\n",
    "* paso = 1 (puede ser negativo para empezar desde el final de la cadena hacia la izquierda)"
   ]
  },
  {
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      "startup": false,
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    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "8oeMFF4GDcin"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Introducci'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 31,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
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   "source": [
    "s[0:10]"
   ]
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     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Introducci'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
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    "s[:10]"
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   "cell_type": "code",
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Introducción al Análisis y Visualización de Datos con Python'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 33,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "mYVMMg8BDci1"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Itoucó lAáii  iulzcó eDtscnPto'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 34,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[0::2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ywta5mhkDci2"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'nohtyP noc sotaD ed nóicazilausiV y sisilánA la nóiccudortnI'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 35,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[::-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "NqGipjC6Dci4"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "cad = \"Amor a Roma\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "9k-_kS-0Dci5"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'amoR a romA'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 37,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "cad[::-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "cAmXs1v0Dci7"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "oculto = \"!XeXgXaXsXsXeXmX XtXeXrXcXeXsX XeXhXtX XmXaX XI\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "oLkZH5UHDci8"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'I am the secret message!'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 39,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "mensaje = oculto[::-2]\n",
    "mensaje"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "sp_hMLDbDci-"
   },
   "source": [
    "### Listas"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "U0SC7_ESDci-"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 40,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "[1,2,3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "7DRG2_jcDcjA"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['a', 'b', 'c']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "['a','b','c']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "L8bErUnKDcjB"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['hi', 1, [1, 2]]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 42,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "['hi',1,[1,2]]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "h_XXCa1GDcjC"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "my_list = ['a','b','c']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "d46CV21iDcjE"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['a', 'b', 'c']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_list"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "oZHoipayDcjF"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "my_list.append('d')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "OSrOuqFyDcjH"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 46,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_list"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "tv-uiz6RDcjM"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'a'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 47,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_list[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Y_zTPr7uDcjP"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'b'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_list[1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "NjmIMRDODcjR"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['b', 'c', 'd']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 49,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_list[1:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "CHGx3efaDcjU"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['a']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 50,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_list[:1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "I2rlbtSBDcjV"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "my_list[0] = 'NEW'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Kkzl-zytDcjZ"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['NEW', 'b', 'c', 'd']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 52,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_list"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "voMB0byUDcja"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "anidada = [1,2,[3,4],5]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "HX0Dye88Dcjc"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[3, 4]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 54,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "anidada[2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "e51T5pcDDcje"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 55,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "anidada[2][0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "x8ZkhMKZDcjg"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "anidada = [1,2,3,[4,5,['target']]]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 57,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "OHrC8y0SDcjh"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[4, 5, ['target']]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 57,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "anidada[3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 58,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ek3utVR1Dcji"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['target']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 58,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "anidada[3][2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 59,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "IKxiqLhVDcjm"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'target'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 59,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "anidada[3][2][0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "k5IXp8DqDcjp"
   },
   "source": [
    "### Diccionarios"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Ye1_t3_9Dcjs"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d = {'key1':'item1','key2':1000}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "FejgOggYDcju"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "KeyError",
     "evalue": "0",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m                                  Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-61-384abbd0fc57>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0md\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m \u001b[0;31m# no funcionará\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m: 0"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d[0] # no funcionará"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "GyRZdGnmDcjv"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d['key1']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "nZGA-fAYDcjv"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d['key2']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "oJGnlsKBDcjw"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "JSwGGGjPDcjx"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d = {'k1':[1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 'k2': 'Hola'}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "OReVtAxHDcjy"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d['k1']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "sC0oVroSDcjz"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d['k1'][3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "svdAxtpcDcj0"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista = d['k1']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Bvz2uDAODcj1"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "8I7Cj9iQDcj1"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista[3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "6M_WiWTJDcj2"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# un diccionario anidado dentro de otro diccionario\n",
    "d = {'k1':{'innerkey1':[1, 2, 3, 10]}}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "PcmONy3sDcj4"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d['k1']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "b4i2OprmDcj4"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d['k1']['innerkey1']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ZqoRw9j9Dcj5"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d['k1']['innerkey1'][3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "ZS7z719KDcj7"
   },
   "source": [
    "### Tuplas "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "pV5rpvkCDcj7"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista = [1, 2, 3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "aBH5zuvYDcj8"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "SpsmIOvLDcj9"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista [1] = 'Nuevo valor'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "7V1XBGpDDcj9"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "BusRfoHxDcj-"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tupla = (1,2,3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "MX0ZtBqiDcj_"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tupla"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "mZJbo5IoDckA"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tupla[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "QkWRmEIzDckA"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tupla[0] = 'NEW'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "TUd9EzWSDckC"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tupla      # las tuplas son inmutables, no se pueden reasignar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "v8J9-1fkDckD"
   },
   "source": [
    "### Conjuntos (Sets)\n",
    "\n",
    "Son colecciones de elementos únicos"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "hAmYOfqyDckD"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "{1,2,3}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "QSiK2W33DckE"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "{1,2,3,1,2,1,2,3,3,3,3,2,2,2,1,1,2}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "CRpSMKK-DckF"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "set([1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 6, 6, 2, 8, 1])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "2YVVO2sLDckG"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = {1, 2, 3}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "YAf4fvR8DckI"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ibiCSa5JDckI"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s.add(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "xfN1ahoODckK"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "9YMcHF0SDckK"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s.add(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "96GH_zs4DckL"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "QbNc0x3vDckM"
   },
   "source": [
    "### Booleanos"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ncJHG6KgDckM"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "True"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "UvK7Jrs5DckO"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 62,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "False"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "6eZBkK_ODckO"
   },
   "source": [
    "## Operadores Relacionales"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Ejx-mNK9DckP"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 63,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "1 > 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 64,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "J0A10BsgDckP"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 64,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "1 < 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "NM_LZQXQDckQ"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 65,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "1 >= 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 66,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Q43o7FI1DckR"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 66,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "1 <= 4"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 67,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "W2IGyZjtDckS"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 67,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "1 == 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 68,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "dq2XbMmzDckT"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "SyntaxError",
     "evalue": "can't assign to literal (<ipython-input-68-5dc69d29e470>, line 4)",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;36m  File \u001b[0;32m\"<ipython-input-68-5dc69d29e470>\"\u001b[0;36m, line \u001b[0;32m4\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m    1 = 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m         ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m can't assign to literal\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# el operador de igualdad es ==\n",
    "# si usamos = Python lo interpreta como una asignación\n",
    "# y en el siguiente caso falla\n",
    "1 = 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "BHZmoW1wDckU"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# el operador de desigualdad es !=\n",
    "10 != 100"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "4vQh0TQODckW"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "10 != 10"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "hB_Us3jsDckW"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "'hi' == 'bye'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "r6erYuJDDckX"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "[1, 2, 100] == [1, 2, 100]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "g9rnJoUqDckY"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "{'k1':1, 'k2':2, 'k3':[1,2,3]} == {'k1':1, 'k2':2, 'k3':[1,2,3]}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "f7SX2FYvDckY"
   },
   "source": [
    "## Operadores Lógicos"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "r5kIqfpXDckZ"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "(1 > 2) and (2 < 3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "s_BGwTdkDckb"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "(1 > 2) or (2 < 3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "UedFVwIVDckb"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "(1 == 2) or (2 == 3) or (4 == 4)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "qTXBztFbDckc"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "True and True"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "fwQwH_whDckd"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "True and False"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "-XtndYW5Dcke"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "False and True"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "4mKWpnIEDckf"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "False and False"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "AfCV9ZyKDckf"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "True or True"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ylET6Us6Dckg"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "True or False"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "FDxHUUgdDckg"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "False or True"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "SovJU54PDckj"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "False or False"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "_BQbPsGfDckl"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "not True"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "SFHOb2rgDckm"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "not False"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "yFBIJjQPDckn"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "not (1 <= 10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "ssNRi0IcDckp"
   },
   "source": [
    "## Fecha y Hora"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "6zXnc9SbDckp"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from datetime import datetime"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "aT67wftEDckq"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "now = datetime.now()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "cXqhoVuPDckr"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "now"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "BTsVAjC5Dckr"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "now.year"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "u1OAawmvDcks"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "now.month"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Ys0uLDj2Dckt"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "now.day"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "_6hP8aqXDcku"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print ('Fecha: %s/%s/%s Hora: %s:%s:%s' % (now.day, now.month, now.year, now.hour, now.minute, now.second))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "s_EEPRnyDckv"
   },
   "source": [
    "## Control de Flujo\n",
    "### Condicionales: if,elif, else "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "E794dYliDckv"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "if 1 < 2:\n",
    "    print('Si!')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "fL4SdO_4Dckw"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "if 1 > 2:\n",
    "    print('si!')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "-NO6UctQDcky"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "if 1 < 2:\n",
    "    print('menor')\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print('no es menor')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "SiG78oRsDckz"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "if 1 > 2:\n",
    "    print('mayor')\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print('no es mayor')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "T-AVIpW5Dck0"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "if 1 == 2:\n",
    "    print('primer camino')\n",
    "elif 3 == 3:\n",
    "    print('segundo camino')\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print('tercer camino')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "932c49QrDck0"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "if 1 == 2:\n",
    "    print('primer camino')\n",
    "elif 4 > 0:\n",
    "    print('segundo camino')\n",
    "elif 3 == 3:\n",
    "    print('tercer camino')\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print('cuarto camino')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "HMy3uaWADck1"
   },
   "source": [
    "### Ciclo for"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "PLrA1x5wDck1"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "seq = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "JUI_5CS-Dck2"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "for item in seq:\n",
    "    print('OK')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "-5WVDsrWDck3"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "for item in seq:\n",
    "    print(item)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 69,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "vjUlfaCdDck4"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "seq = [1,2,3,4,5]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 70,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "wLgyaEUcDck5"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2\n",
      "4\n",
      "6\n",
      "8\n",
      "10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for num in seq:\n",
    "    print(num+num)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "ORFuj2hSDck5"
   },
   "source": [
    "### Ciclo while"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 71,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "8Le8Fzk6Dck5"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "i es igual a: 1\n",
      "i es igual a: 2\n",
      "i es igual a: 3\n",
      "i es igual a: 4\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i = 1\n",
    "while i < 5:\n",
    "    print('i es igual a: {}'.format(i))\n",
    "    i = i+1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "bKhO4wX9Dck7"
   },
   "source": [
    "## range()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 72,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "4GPstSp_Dck8"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "range(0, 5)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 72,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "range(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 73,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "tqLFs4r7Dck8"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for i in range(5):\n",
    "    print(i)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 74,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "c_q6UGYGDck-"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 74,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list(range(5))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "CATEgOIiDclA"
   },
   "source": [
    "## Listas por comprensión (list comprehension)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 75,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "fVXt9hgYDclA"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x = [1,2,3,4]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 76,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "R7f8oFmYDclB"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 4, 9, 16]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "out = []\n",
    "for item in x:\n",
    "    out.append(item**2)\n",
    "print(out)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 77,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "-PiWerzNDclD"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 4, 9, 16]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 77,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "[item**2 for item in x]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 78,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "2cOX014-DclE"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "out = [item**2 for item in x]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 79,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ZA4Z9Zx0DclF"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 4, 9, 16]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 79,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "out"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 80,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "range(0, 10)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 80,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "range(10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 81,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 81,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list(range(10))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 82,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "6-Lse_l8DclH"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "cubos = [x ** 3 for x in range(10)]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 83,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "KGE8PsYODclH"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[0, 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 83,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "cubos"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 84,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "S63GTvr3DclI"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "multiplos_tres_cinco = [x for x in range(1, 16) if x % 3 == 0 or x % 5 == 0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 85,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Wo7NJ6T7DclK"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 85,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "multiplos_tres_cinco"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "GD0iKA88DclK"
   },
   "source": [
    "## Funciones"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 86,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "NyE9YtbaDclK"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def my_func(param1='default'):\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    Docstring goes here.\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    print(param1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 87,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "7jY8vLLsDclM"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<function __main__.my_func(param1='default')>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 87,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_func"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 88,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "nt34DpTPDclN"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "default\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_func()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 89,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "BuF7tmG1DclN"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "new param\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_func('new param')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 90,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "2MRHJcX7DclO"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "another param\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_func(param1='another param')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 91,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "6M-2n30_DclQ"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def saludar(nombre):\n",
    "    print('Hola ' + nombre)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 92,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ZGlveH2sDclR"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Hola UNAL\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "saludar('UNAL')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 93,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "XONROccMDclR"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def square(x):\n",
    "    return x**2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 94,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "hdGUQTgeDclS"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "out = square(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 95,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "QTNxENIFDclS"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "4\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(out)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 96,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "UA237qnZDclS"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def square(x):\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    Esta es la documentación de la función.\n",
    "    Puede tener múltiples líneas.\n",
    "    La función square retorna un número x elevado al cuadrado.\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    return x**2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 97,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "s6zsuEILDclU"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<function __main__.square(x)>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 97,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Puedo ver la documentación con SHIFT+TAB\n",
    "square"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 98,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "eGh8JrArDclU"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "range"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 98,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Ver documentación de otra función, por ejemplo: range\n",
    "range"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "A9hagHupDclY"
   },
   "source": [
    "## Expresiones lambda"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 99,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "JZz94MI7DclY"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def times2(var):\n",
    "    return var*2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 100,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "XZYziVaWDclZ"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "4"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 100,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "times2(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 101,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "bE_g14fpDclZ"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<function __main__.<lambda>(var)>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 101,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lambda var: var*2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 102,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "HbhiD8ZZDcla"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "t = lambda var: var*2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 103,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "NNJwxoabDcla"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "40"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 103,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "t(20)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "Z68hUiuiDclc"
   },
   "source": [
    "## map y filter"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 104,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "mmiYT-dzDclc"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "seq = [1,2,3,4,5]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 105,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "XzKrjhqKDcle"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<map at 0x7f3950204160>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 105,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "map(times2,seq)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 106,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "G-ogw60uDclf"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 106,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list(map(times2,seq))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 107,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "CS8AOZDYDclf"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[3, 6, 9, 12, 15]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 107,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list(map(lambda var: var*3, seq))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 108,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "tCO6ahN1Dclg"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<filter at 0x7f3950204978>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 108,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "filter(lambda item: item%2 == 0, seq)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 109,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "VmxhyL6YDclh"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[2, 4]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 109,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list(filter(lambda item: item%2 == 0, seq))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 110,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "N0zKf8NgDclj"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<filter at 0x7f39502046a0>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 110,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_list = range(16)\n",
    "filter(lambda x: x % 3 == 0, my_list)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 111,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "wswTiRk9Dclk"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 111,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list(filter(lambda x: x % 3 == 0, my_list))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 112,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Lip8yWwxDclk"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "I am another secret message!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "garbled = \"IXXX aXXmX aXXXnXoXXXXXtXhXeXXXXrX sXXXXeXcXXXrXeXt mXXeXsXXXsXaXXXXXXgXeX!XX\"\n",
    "\n",
    "message = filter(lambda x: x != \"X\", garbled)\n",
    "print(''.join(message))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "xMH3l8h5Dcll"
   },
   "source": [
    "## Métodos"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 113,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "b9Yog5hVDcll"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "st = 'hola, mi nombre es Laura'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 114,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "yFzv0m9NDcll"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'hola, mi nombre es laura'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 114,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "st.lower()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 115,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "gwf9B3_BDcll"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'HOLA, MI NOMBRE ES LAURA'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 115,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "st.upper()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 116,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "EWQeveqADclm"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['hola,', 'mi', 'nombre', 'es', 'Laura']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 116,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "st.split()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 117,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "__P7kfaxDclm"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tweet = 'Go Sports! #Sports'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 118,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "gpobfonTDcln"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Go', 'Sports!', '#Sports']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 118,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "tweet.split()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 119,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "AlC4gqSeDclp"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Go Sports! ', 'Sports']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 119,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "tweet.split('#')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 120,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Q-CE4dkLDclp"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Sports'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 120,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "tweet.split('#')[1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 121,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "eY7CMHCZDclp"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d = {'k1':10, 'k2':20, 'k3':1, 'k4': 'hola'}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 122,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "V1GKByMgDclp"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dict_keys(['k1', 'k2', 'k3', 'k4'])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 122,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d.keys()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 123,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "lcm40SSyDclq"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dict_items([('k1', 10), ('k2', 20), ('k3', 1), ('k4', 'hola')])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 123,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d.items()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 124,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ZT_4OCJxDclq"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dict_values([10, 20, 1, 'hola'])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 124,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d.values()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 125,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "y7NUhVwgDclr"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lst = [1,2,3,4,5,6]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 126,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "VUcZxMgbDcls"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "6"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 126,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lst.pop()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 127,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "sZY9FGwxDclt"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 127,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lst"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 128,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "vErqP6UqDclt"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "item = lst.pop()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 129,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "RJbwXr_nDclu"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 129,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lst"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 130,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "FEAFErCDDclv"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 130,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "item"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 131,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "9K7VmD2_Dclv"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "primero = lst.pop(0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 132,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "jDETv3LjDclw"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 132,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "primero"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 133,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "PQwNS9OuDclx"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[2, 3, 4]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 133,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lst"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 134,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "QyAhDsQsDclx"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lst.append('NUEVO')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 135,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "SNZgv4OpDclx"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[2, 3, 4, 'NUEVO']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 135,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lst"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 136,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ho3_NK6ODcly"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 136,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'x' in [1,2,3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 137,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "_16JiU_CDcl2"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 137,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'y' in ['x','y','z']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 138,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "GlcDj_bHDcl2"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Tuple unpacking\n",
    "lst = [(1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6)]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 139,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "XmU6QzEjDcl2"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[(1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 139,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lst"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 140,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "p8qqIm_4Dcl2"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "(1, 2)\n",
      "(3, 4)\n",
      "(5, 6)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for tupla in lst:\n",
    "    print(tupla)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 141,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "uuq_QEWADcl3"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1\n",
      "3\n",
      "5\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for (a, b) in lst:\n",
    "    print(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 142,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "HYmNZec7Dcl3"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1 está asociado con 2\n",
      "3 está asociado con 4\n",
      "5 está asociado con 6\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for (a, b) in lst:\n",
    "    print('{} está asociado con {}'.format(a,b))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 143,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "qOwO-InzDcl4"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1 está asociado con 2\n",
      "3 está asociado con 4\n",
      "5 está asociado con 6\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# los paréntesis son opcionales\n",
    "for a, b in lst:\n",
    "    print('{} está asociado con {}'.format(a,b))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 144,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "qYm5O7UNDcl6"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Ejemplo lista enlazada simple\n",
    "# Ver visualización de este ejemplo en http://www.pythontutor.com/\n",
    "\n",
    "def listSum(numbers):\n",
    "  if not numbers:\n",
    "    return 0\n",
    "  else:\n",
    "    (f, rest) = numbers\n",
    "    return f + listSum(rest)\n",
    "\n",
    "myList = (1, (2, (3, None)))\n",
    "total = listSum(myList)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 145,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "autoexec": {
      "startup": false,
      "wait_interval": 0
     }
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "T28wG5jFDcl6"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "6\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(total)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "colab": {
   "default_view": {},
   "name": "Curso rápido de Python.ipynb",
   "provenance": [],
   "version": "0.3.2",
   "views": {}
  },
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
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   "codemirror_mode": {
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