MemTableStopWritesThreshold was set to the max size of all memtables before blocking writing but should be set to the max number of memtables. This is documented [here](https://github.com/cockroachdb/pebble/blob/master/options.go#L738-L742).

…(#26675)

This PR relaxes the block body ingress handling a bit: if block body withdrawals are missing (but expected to be empty), the body withdrawals are set to 'empty list' before being passed to upper layers. 

This fixes an issue where a block passed from EthereumJS to geth was deemed invalid.

travis, build: update Go to 1.20

This PR is a (superior) alternative to ethereum/go-ethereum#26708, it handles deprecation, primarily two specific cases. 

`rand.Seed` is typically used in two ways
- `rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())` -- we seed it, just to be sure to get some random, and not always get the same thing on every run. This is not needed, with global seeding, so those are just removed. 
- `rand.Seed(1)` this is typically done to ensure we have a stable test. If we rely on this, we need to fix up the tests to use a deterministic prng-source. A few occurrences like this has been replaced with a proper custom source. 

`rand.Read` has been replaced by `crypto/rand`.`Read` in this PR.

This change will break one hive test, but pass another and it will be the better way going forward

The method `GetPayloadBodiesByRangeV1` now returns "-38004: Too large request" error if the requested range is too large, according to spec

Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>

This PR contains a small portion of the full pbss PR, namely

    Remove the tracer from trie (and comitter), and instead using an accessList.
    Related changes to the Nodeset.


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Co-authored-by: Gary Rong <garyrong0905@gmail.com>

The change fixes unmarshaling of JSON null results into json.RawMessage.

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Co-authored-by: Jason Yuan <jason.yuan@curvegrid.com>
Co-authored-by: Jason Yuan <jason.yuan869@gmail.com>

This reverts commit 7c749c9.

Clarifies the documentation around dumpconfi

Signed-off-by: Sungwoo Kim <git@sung-woo.kim>

The EmptyRootHash and EmptyCodeHash are defined everywhere in the codebase, this PR replaces all of them with unified one defined in core/types package, and also defines constants for TxRoot, WithdrawalsRoot and UncleRoot

* eth/filters: fix a breaking change and return rpctransaction

* eth/filters: fix test cases

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Co-authored-by: Catror <me@catror.com>

Add usage examples

… (#26685)

ci: disable coverage reporting in appveyor and travis

This improves the speed of DHT crawling by using concurrent requests.
It also removes logging of individual DNS updates.

…377)

Adds support for a native call tracer with the Parity format, which outputs call frames
in a flat array. This tracer accepts the following options:

- `convertParityErrors: true` will convert error messages to match those of Parity
- `includePrecompiles: true` will report all calls to precompiles. The default
  matches Parity's behavior where CALL and STATICCALLs to precompiles are excluded

Incompatibilities with Parity include:

- Parity removes the result object in case of failure. This behavior is maintained
  with the exception of reverts. Revert output usually contains useful information,
  i.e. Solidity revert reason.
- The `gasUsed` field accounts for intrinsic gas (e.g. 21000 for simple transfers)
  and refunds unlike Parity
- Block rewards are not reported

Co-authored-by: Sina Mahmoodi <itz.s1na@gmail.com>

This fixes an issue where the withdrawal index was not calculated correctly
for multiple withdrawals in a single block.

Co-authored-by: Gary Rong <garyrong0905@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>

* ethdb/pebble: fix range compaction

* ethdb/pebble: add comment

* include withdrawals in ethclient responses

* omit empty withdrawals array in json serialization

* core: params: schedule Shanghai on goerli

* core/forkid: fix comment

This change adds a struct field EffectiveGasPrice in types.Receipt. The field is present
in RPC responses, but not in the Go struct, and thus can't easily be accessed via ethclient.

Co-authored-by: PulsarAI <dev@pulsar-systems.fi>

Fixes a race in TestNewPayloadOnInvalidTerminalBlock where setting the TTD raced with
the miner. Solution: set the TTD on the blockchain config not the genesis config.

Also fixes a race in CopyHeader which resulted in race reports all over the place.

This PR changes metrics collection to actually measure the time interval between collections, rather
than assume 3 seconds. I did some ad hoc profiling, and on slower hardware (eg, my Raspberry Pi 4)
I routinely saw intervals between 3.3 - 3.5 seconds, with some being as high as 4.5 seconds. This
will generally cause the CPU gauge readings to be too high, and in some cases can cause impossibly
large values for the CPU load metrics (eg. greater than 400 for a 4 core CPU).

---------

Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>

This fixes a regression introduced by #26723.
Fixes #26816.

…(#26799)

This change fixes a flaw where, in certain scenarios, the block sealer did not accurately reset the remaining gas after failing to include an invalid transaction. Fixes #26791

…al (#26667)

Checks that Transaction.MarshalJSON and newRPCTransaction JSON output can be parsed by Transaction.UnmarshalJSON

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Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>

Fixes a minor error in the testdata

…6779)

Fixes #26073

This PR mitigates an issue with Ledger's on-device RLP deserialization, see
LedgerHQ/app-ethereum#409

Ledger's RLP deserialization code does not validate the length of the RLP list received,
and it may prematurely enter the signing flow when a APDU chunk boundary falls immediately
before the EIP-155 chain_id when deserializing a transaction. Since the chain_id is
uninitialized, it is 0 during this signing flow. This may cause the user to accidentally
sign the transaction with chain_id = 0. That signature would be returned from the device 1
packet earlier than expected by the communication loop. The device blocks the
second-to-last packet waiting for the signer flow, and then errors on the successive
packet (which contains the chain_id, zeroed r, and zeroed s)

Since the signature's early arrival causes successive errors during the communication
process, geth does not parse the improper signature produced by the device, and therefore
no improperly-signed transaction can be created. User funds are not at risk.

We mitigate by selecting the highest chunk size that leaves at least 4 bytes in the
final chunk.

… (#26698)

This ensures the "withdrawals" field will always be present in responses
to getPayloadBodiesByRangeV1 and getPayloadBodiesByHashV1.

---------

Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>

…gapped (#26719)

This change prints out more information about the problem, in the case where geth detects a gap between leveldb and ancients, so we can determine more exactly where the gap is (what the first missing is). Also prints out more metadata. 

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Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>

…(#26770)

Accept all primitive types in Solidity for EIP-712 from intN, uintN, intN[], uintN[] for N as 0 to 256 in multiples of 8

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Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>

reverts #26021, to use the upstream bigint instead.

fixes eip 220 ->  2200

This changes the test to match the comment description. Using timestampedConfig in this test case is incorrect, the comment says 'local is at Gray Glacier' and isn't aware of more forks.

Here, the core.Message interface turns into a plain struct and
types.Message gets removed.

This is a breaking change to packages core and core/types. While we do
not promise API stability for package core, we do for core/types. An
exception can be made for types.Message, since it doesn't have any
purpose apart from invoking the state transition in package core.
types.Message was also marked deprecated by the same commit it
got added in, 4dca5d4 (November 2016).

The core.Message interface was added in December 2014, in commit
db49417, for the purpose of 'testing' state transitions. It's the
same change that made transaction struct fields private. Before that,
the state transition used *types.Transaction directly.

Over time, multiple implementations of the interface accrued across
different packages, since constructing a Message is required whenever
one wants to invoke the state transition. These implementations all
looked very similar, a struct with private fields exposing the fields
as accessor methods.

By changing Message into a struct with public fields we can remove all
these useless interface implementations. It will also hopefully
simplify future changes to the type with less updates to apply across
all of go-ethereum when a field is added to Message.

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Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>

Update server.go

Since forks are now scheduled by block time, it can be necessary
to check the timestamp of a block while generating transactions.

This adds two new rules to the transaction pool:

- A future transaction can not evict a pending transaction.
- A transaction can not overspend available funds of a sender.

---

Co-authored-by: dwn1998 <42262393+dwn1998@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>

add muir glacier to t8n

it should be constantinople rather than contantinople

* core: refactor code

* core: drop it from this anonymous goroutine func

Minor refactor to use the 'intended' accessor

Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>

This makes it possible to run another protocol alongside discv5, by reading 
unhandled packets from the channel.

Co-authored-by: Stephen Flynn <stephen.flynn@gapac.com>

This increases the maximum allowed message size to 32MB.

Originally submitted at erigontech/erigon#2739

example block failure: https://etherscan.io/tx/0x1317d973a55cedf9b0f2df6ea48e8077dd176f5444a3423368a46d6e4db89982#internal

Not sure why this was removed, it's pretty useful to see the version
also in --help.

When a database failure occurs, bubble it up a into statedb, and report it in suitable places, such as during a 'bad block' report.

Makes clear the distinction between Finalize and FinalizedAndAssemble:

- In Finalize function, a series of state operations are applied according to consensus rules. The statedb is mutated and the root hash can be checked and compared afterwards.

This function should be used in block processing(receive afrom network and apply it locally) but not block generation.

- In FinalizeAndAssemble function, after applying state mutations, the block is also to be assembled with the latest
  state root computed, updating the header. 

 This function should be used in block generation only.

 Increases the time between consensus updates that we give the CL before we start warning the user.

This adds built-in support in package rlp for encoding, decoding and generating code dealing with uint256.Int.

---------

Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>

* api: Use 0700 file permissions for ExportChain

* change perm to 0644

* Update api.go

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Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>

Makes use of atomic.Uint64 instead of atomic by pointer