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vyos-notes.txt
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vyos-notes.txt
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=== Instal VyOS ===
vyos@vyos:~$ install image
Welcome to the VyOS install program. This script
will walk you through the process of installing the
VyOS image to a local hard drive.
Would you like to continue? (Yes/No) [Yes]: [return]
Probing drives: OK
Looking for pre-existing RAID groups...none found.
The VyOS image will require a minimum 1000MB root.
Would you like me to try to partition a drive automatically
or would you rather partition it manually with parted? If
you have already setup your partitions, you may skip this step
Partition (Auto/Parted/Skip) [Auto]: [return]
I found the following drives on your system:
sda 2147MB
Install the image on? [sda]: [return]
This will destroy all data on /dev/sda.
Continue? (Yes/No) [No]: Yes
How big of a root partition should I create? (1000MB - 2147MB) [2147]MB: [return]
Creating filesystem on /dev/sda1: OK
Done!
Mounting /dev/sda1...
What would you like to name this image? [VyOS_999.hydrogen.11291501]:
OK. This image will be named: VyOS_999.hydrogen.11291501
Copying squashfs image...
Copying kernel and initrd images...
Done!
I found the following configuration files:
/config/config.boot
/opt/vyatta/etc/config.boot.default
Which one should I copy to sda? [/config/config.boot]: [return]
Copying /config/config.boot to sda.
Enter password for administrator account
Enter password for user 'vyos': <removed>
Retype password for user 'vyos': <removed>
I need to install the GRUB boot loader.
I found the following drives on your system:
sda 2147MB
Which drive should GRUB modify the boot partition on? [sda]: [return]
Setting up grub: OK
Done!
vyos@vyos:~$
=== Basic Command ===
Mode VyOS
- usermode (default saat login)
- configuration mode
Masuk configuration mode
$ configure
User Mode
$ ping
$ show
$ poweroff
$ reboot
Konfigurasi Mode
# set ? digunakan untuk mensetting sebuah servis/interface
# show ? digunakan untuk menampilkan konfigurasi
# edit ? digunakan untuk mengubah konfigurasi yg ada
# delete ? menghapus konfigurasi yang ada
# commit ? meng-apply konfigurasi yang diseting
# compare ? memeriksa perbedaan konfigurasi tersimpan dengan konfigurasi yang belum di commit
# save ? menyimpan konfigurasi
# exit ? keluar konfigurasi mode
# exit-discard ? keluar tanpa meng-apply konfigurasi
# run ping
Konfigurasi IP Address
# set interface ethernet eth0 address 10.0.0.2x/24
Konfigurasi SSH
# set service ssh port 22
Apply & Save Konfigurasi
# commit
# save
Cancel Konfigurasi
# exit discard
=== IP Address ===
--IPv4--
Kelas A : 1.0.0.0 - 126.255.255.255
Kelas B : 128.0.0.0 - 191.255.255.255
Kelas C : 192.0.0.0 - 224.255.255.255
IP Loopback : 127.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255
IP Public : Untuk interakasi publik di Internet
IP Privat : untuk penggunaan privat di jaringan LAN/Lokal
IP Privat
Kelas A : 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
Kelas B : 172.16.0.0 - 172.16.255.255
Kelas C : 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
--Subnetting--
Subnetting digunakan untuk membagi/mengalokasikan IP sesuai kebutuhan.
Ex:
172.16.1.15/27 (IP Address/Subnet)
Cara hitung:
Bit IPv4-Jumlah bit subnet
32-27=5
Hasil pengurangan dijadikan sebagai pangkat dari 2
2pangkat 5=32
Subnet Mask
Nilai 8bit IPv4 - Hasil pemangkatan
256-32=224
Jadi subnet = 255.255.255.224
IP Network= 172.16.1.0
IP Broadcast = 172.16.1.31
IP Host = 172.16.1.1 - 172.16.1.30
Ex:
10.0.0.20/23 (IP Address/Subnet)
Cara hitung:
Bit IPv4-Jumlah bit subnet
24-23=1
Hasil pengurangan dijadikan sebagai pangkat dari 2
2pangkat 1=2
Subnet Mask
Nilai 8bit IPv4 - Hasil pemangkatan
256-32=254
Jadi subnet = 255.255.254.0
IP Network= 10.0.0.0
IP Broadcast = 10.0.1.255
IP Host = 10.0.0.1 - 10.0.1.255
===LAN Interfaces===
Ethernet = Interface Fisik
Bonding = Interface Virtual, berfungsi menggabungkan 2 atau lebih interface untuk menghasilkan Bandwith yang lebih besar
VLAN (Virtual LAN) = Interface Virtual untuk mensegmentasi LAN
---Konfigurasi Ethernet---
# set interfaces ethernet eth0 address 10.0.0.2x/24
# commit
# save
# show interfaces
---Konfigurasi VLAN---
# set interfaces ethernet eth1 vif 10 address 10.10.10.1/24
# commit
# save
# show interfaces
---Konfigurasi Bonding---
# set interfaces bonding bond0
# set interfaces bonding bond0 address 192.168.10.1/24
# set interfaces bonding bond0 mode 802.3d
# set interfaces ethernet eth0 bond-group bond0
# set interfaces ethernet eth1 bond-group bond0
===Static Routing===
R1
# set system host-name R1
# set interfaces ethernet eth0 address 10.0.0.2x/24
# set interfaces ethernet eth1 address 10.10.10.1/24
# commit
# save
R2
# set system host-name R2
# set interfaces ethernet eth0 address 10.10.10.2/24
# set interfaces ethernet eth1 address 192.168.1.1/24
# commit
# save
--Routing--
R1
# set protocols static route 192.168.0.0/24 next-hop 10.10.10.2
# commit
# save
R1
# set protocolos static route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.0.0.1
# set services dns forwarding name-server 8.8.8.8
# set services dns forwarding name-server 8.8.4.4
# set services dns forwarding listen-on eth0
R2
# set protocols static route 10.0.0.0/24 next-hop 10.10.10.1
# commit
# save
===NAT (Network Address Translation)===
---Source NAT---
R1
# set nat source rule 10 outbound-interface eth0
# set nat source rule 10 source address 10.10.10.0/24
# set nat source rule 10 translation address masquerade
# commit
# save
R2
# set protocolos static route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.10.10.1
# set services dns forwarding name-server 8.8.8.8
# set services dns forwarding name-server 8.8.4.4
# set services dns forwarding listen-on eth0
# commit
# save
# ping 8.8.8.8
# ping google.com
---Destination NAT---
Ex. SSH ke R2
Dari laptop
ssh -l vyos 10.10.10.2
Hasil : gagal
R1
# set nat destination rule 10 destinantion port 2222
# set nat destination rule 10 inbound-interface eth0
# set nat destination rule 10 protocol tcp ? (SSH menggunakan protocol tcp)
# set nat destination rule 10 translation address 10.10.10.2
# set nat destination rule 10 translation port 22
Tes dari laptop ssh ke ip 10.0.0.2x port 2222
ex. ssh -l vyos 10.0.0.2x -p2222
Hasil : sukses masuk ke R2
---NAT 1 to 1---
1 IP Public untuk 1 IP Privat
R1
# set nat destination rule 5 destination address 10.0.0.2x
# set nat destination rule 5 inbound-interface eth0
# set nat destination rule 5 translation address 10.10.10.2
# set nat source rule 5 source address 10.10.10.2
# set nat source rule 5 outbound-interface eth0
# set nat source rule 5 translation address 10.0.0.2x
# commit
# save
Test
dari laptop ssh -l vyos 10.0.0.2x hasilnya ke R2
===Firewall===
---Interface Based Firewall---
R1
# set firewall name INSIDE-LOCAL default-action drop
# set firewall name INSIDE-LOCAL rule 10 action accept
# set firewall name INSIDE-LOCAL rule 10 protocol icmp
# set interface ethernet eth1 firewall local name INSIDE-LOCAL
# commit
# save
R2
test ping ke R1 = sukses
SSH ke R1 = gagal
R1
# set firewall name INSIDE-LOCAL rule 20 action accept
# set firewall name INSIDE-LOCAL rule 20 destination port ssh
# set firewall name INSIDE-LOCAL rule 20 protocol tcp
# commit
# save
R2
test ping ke R1 = sukses
SSH ke R1 = sukses
R1
# set firewall name OUTSIDE-INSIDE default-action drop
# set firewall name OUTSIDE-INSIDE rule 10 action accept
# set firewall name OUTSIDE-INSIDE rule 10 destination address 10.10.10.2
# set firewall name OUTSIDE-INSIDE rule 10 destination port ssh
# set firewall name OUTSIDE-INSIDE rule 10 protocol tcp
# set interface ethernet eth0 firewall in name OUTSIDE-INSIDE
# commit
# save
Host/Laptop
test ping ke 10.0.0.3x/10.0.0.2x = gagal
SSH ke 10.0.0.3x/10.0.0.2x = sukses ke R2
R1
# set firewall name OUTSIDE-LOCAL default-action drop
# set firewall name OUTSIDE-LOCAL rule 10 action accept
# set firewall name OUTSIDE-LOCAL rule 10 destination port ssh
# set firewall name OUTSIDE-LOCAL rule 10 protocol tcp
# set interface ethernet eth0 firewall local name OUTSIDE-LOCAL
# commit
# save
Host/Laptop
test ping ke 10.0.0.3x/10.0.0.2x = gagal
SSH ke 10.0.0.3x/10.0.0.2x = sukses ke R1
---Zone Based Firewall---
Hapus Interface Firewall
R1
# del interface ethernet eth1 firewall local name INSIDE-LOCAL
# del interface ethernet eth0 firewall in name OUTSIDE-INSIDE
# del interface ethernet eth0 firewall local name OUTSIDE-LOCAL
# commit
# save
Set Zone Policy
R1
# set zone-policy zone LOCAL description "VyOS Zone"
# set zone-policy zone LOCAL local-zone
# set zone-policy zone INSIDE description "LAN"
# set zone-policy zone INSIDE interface eth1
# set zone-policy zone OUTSIDE description "Public Zone"
# set zone-policy zone OUTSIDE interface eth0
# commit
# save
Set Firewall
R1
# set firewall name INSIDE-OUTSIDE default-action accept
# set firewall name LOCAL-INSIDE default-action accept
# set firewall name LOCAL-OUTSIDE default-action accept
Konfigurasi Statefull Firewall
# set firewall state-policy established action accept
# set firewall state-policy invalid action drop
# set firewall state-policy related action accept
Konfigurasi Zone firewall
# set zone-policy zone LOCAL from INSIDE firewall name INSIDE-LOCAL
# set zone-policy zone LOCAL from OUTSIDE firewall name OUTSIDE-LOCAL
# set zone-policy zone INSIDE from LOCAL firewall name LOCAL-INSIDE
# set zone-policy zone INSIDE from OUTSIDE firewall name OUTSIDE-INSIDE
# set zone-policy zone OUTSIDE from INSIDE firewall name INSIDE-OUTSIDE
# set zone-policy zone OUTSIDE from LOCAL firewall name LOCAL-OUTSIDE
# commit
# save
Test
dari R2 ping ke internet = reply
dari R1 ping internet, ping dan ssh ke R2 Reply
dari Host ssh ke R1 sukses
dari host ssh ke IP Publik 10.0.0.2x untuk R2 sukses
===USER===
Tambahkan user
# set system login user admin level admin
# set system login user admin authentication plaintext-password administrator
# commit
# save
# set system login user operator level operator
# set system login user operator authentication plaintext-password operator
# commit
# save
Ganti Password default VYOS
Login gunakan user level admin selain vyos
# set system login user vyos authentication plaintext-password bebas
# commit
# save
Ganti Banner
# set system login banner pre-login "isi sesuka hati" ? untuk sebelum login
# set system login banner post-login "isi sesuka hati" ? untuk sesudah login
===DHCP Server===
R1
# set service dhcp-server shared-network-name VyOS subnet 10.10.10.0/24 start 10.10.10.101 stop 10.10.10.105
# set service dhcp-server shared-network-name VyOS subnet 10.10.10.0/24 default-router 10.10.10.1
# set service dhcp-server shared-network-name VyOS subnet 10.10.10.0/24 dns-server 8.8.8.8
# set service dhcp-server shared-network-name VyOS subnet 10.10.10.0/24 lease 600
# commit
# save
===DHCP Client===
R2
# del interfaces ethernet eth1 address 10.10.10.2/24 ? jika ada konfigurasi static dihapus dulu
# set interfaces ethernet eth1 address dhcp
# commit
# save
# show interfaces
$ ip addr
---Delete INIT: Id "TO" respawning too fast: disabled for 5 minutes---
# delete system console
---Backup Konfigurasi---
$ copy file running://config/config.boot to scp://user:password@host/direktori
$ copy file running://config/config.boot to scp://moko:moko@10.0.0.122/home/moko
===Restore==
load scp://dpdelly:dpdelly123@192.168.222.19/home/dpdelly/config.boot