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nd2toarbt.m
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nd2toarbt.m
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function [im_th,TOAref,trgt,ijdim_ref,ul,bbox,zen,azi,zc,B1Satu,B2Satu,B3Satu,resolu]=nd2toarbt(path_top,filename)
% convert DNs to TOA ref and BT
% Revisions:
% Add Landsat 9 (Shi 2/17/2022)
% Cannot use the GRIDobj to read our band, because it may result in Nan data.
% (Shi 2/26/2018)
% Added a target image based on blue band, which will be helpfull to
% resample and reproject the auxiliary data. (Shi 2/16/2018)
% Use REF vs. DN instead of RAD vs. DN (Zhe 06/20/2013)
% Combined the Earth-Sun distance table into the function (Zhe 04/09/2013)
% Process Landsat 8 DN values (Zhe 04/04/2013)
% Proces the new metadata for Landsat TM/ETM+ images (Zhe 09/28/2012)
% Fixed bugs caused by earth-sun distance table (Zhe 01/15/2012)
%
% [im_th,TOAref,ijdim_ref,ul,zen,azi,zc,B1Satu,B2Satu,B3Satu,resolu]=nd2toarbt(filename)
% Where:
% Inputs:
% filename='L*MTL.txt';
% Outputs:
% 1) im_th = Brightness Temperature (BT)
% 2) TOAref = Top Of Atmoshpere (TOA) reflectance
% 3) trgt = Target Grid Object
% 4) ijdim = [nrows,ncols]; % dimension of optical bands
% 5) ul = [upperleft_mapx upperleft_mapy];
% 6) zen = solar zenith angle (degrees);
% 7) azi = solar azimuth angle (degrees);
% 8) zc = Zone Number
% 9,10,11) Saturation (true) in the Visible bands
% 12) resolution of Fmask results
% % % fprintf('Read in header information & TIF images\n');
[Lmax,Lmin,Qcalmax,Qcalmin,Refmax,Refmin,ijdim_ref,ijdim_thm,reso_ref,...
reso_thm,ul,bbox,zen,azi,zc,Lnum,doy]=lndhdrread(path_top,filename);
% earth-sun distance see G. Chander et al. RSE 113 (2009) 893-903
Tab_ES_Dist = [
1 0.98331
2 0.98330
3 0.98330
4 0.98330
5 0.98330
6 0.98332
7 0.98333
8 0.98335
9 0.98338
10 0.98341
11 0.98345
12 0.98349
13 0.98354
14 0.98359
15 0.98365
16 0.98371
17 0.98378
18 0.98385
19 0.98393
20 0.98401
21 0.98410
22 0.98419
23 0.98428
24 0.98439
25 0.98449
26 0.98460
27 0.98472
28 0.98484
29 0.98496
30 0.98509
31 0.98523
32 0.98536
33 0.98551
34 0.98565
35 0.98580
36 0.98596
37 0.98612
38 0.98628
39 0.98645
40 0.98662
41 0.98680
42 0.98698
43 0.98717
44 0.98735
45 0.98755
46 0.98774
47 0.98794
48 0.98814
49 0.98835
50 0.98856
51 0.98877
52 0.98899
53 0.98921
54 0.98944
55 0.98966
56 0.98989
57 0.99012
58 0.99036
59 0.99060
60 0.99084
61 0.99108
62 0.99133
63 0.99158
64 0.99183
65 0.99208
66 0.99234
67 0.99260
68 0.99286
69 0.99312
70 0.99339
71 0.99365
72 0.99392
73 0.99419
74 0.99446
75 0.99474
76 0.99501
77 0.99529
78 0.99556
79 0.99584
80 0.99612
81 0.99640
82 0.99669
83 0.99697
84 0.99725
85 0.99754
86 0.99782
87 0.99811
88 0.99840
89 0.99868
90 0.99897
91 0.99926
92 0.99954
93 0.99983
94 1.00012
95 1.00041
96 1.00069
97 1.00098
98 1.00127
99 1.00155
100 1.00184
101 1.00212
102 1.00240
103 1.00269
104 1.00297
105 1.00325
106 1.00353
107 1.00381
108 1.00409
109 1.00437
110 1.00464
111 1.00492
112 1.00519
113 1.00546
114 1.00573
115 1.00600
116 1.00626
117 1.00653
118 1.00679
119 1.00705
120 1.00731
121 1.00756
122 1.00781
123 1.00806
124 1.00831
125 1.00856
126 1.00880
127 1.00904
128 1.00928
129 1.00952
130 1.00975
131 1.00998
132 1.01020
133 1.01043
134 1.01065
135 1.01087
136 1.01108
137 1.01129
138 1.01150
139 1.01170
140 1.01191
141 1.01210
142 1.01230
143 1.01249
144 1.01267
145 1.01286
146 1.01304
147 1.01321
148 1.01338
149 1.01355
150 1.01371
151 1.01387
152 1.01403
153 1.01418
154 1.01433
155 1.01447
156 1.01461
157 1.01475
158 1.01488
159 1.01500
160 1.01513
161 1.01524
162 1.01536
163 1.01547
164 1.01557
165 1.01567
166 1.01577
167 1.01586
168 1.01595
169 1.01603
170 1.01610
171 1.01618
172 1.01625
173 1.01631
174 1.01637
175 1.01642
176 1.01647
177 1.01652
178 1.01656
179 1.01659
180 1.01662
181 1.01665
182 1.01667
183 1.01668
184 1.01670
185 1.01670
186 1.01670
187 1.01670
188 1.01669
189 1.01668
190 1.01666
191 1.01664
192 1.01661
193 1.01658
194 1.01655
195 1.01650
196 1.01646
197 1.01641
198 1.01635
199 1.01629
200 1.01623
201 1.01616
202 1.01609
203 1.01601
204 1.01592
205 1.01584
206 1.01575
207 1.01565
208 1.01555
209 1.01544
210 1.01533
211 1.01522
212 1.01510
213 1.01497
214 1.01485
215 1.01471
216 1.01458
217 1.01444
218 1.01429
219 1.01414
220 1.01399
221 1.01383
222 1.01367
223 1.01351
224 1.01334
225 1.01317
226 1.01299
227 1.01281
228 1.01263
229 1.01244
230 1.01225
231 1.01205
232 1.01186
233 1.01165
234 1.01145
235 1.01124
236 1.01103
237 1.01081
238 1.01060
239 1.01037
240 1.01015
241 1.00992
242 1.00969
243 1.00946
244 1.00922
245 1.00898
246 1.00874
247 1.00850
248 1.00825
249 1.00800
250 1.00775
251 1.00750
252 1.00724
253 1.00698
254 1.00672
255 1.00646
256 1.00620
257 1.00593
258 1.00566
259 1.00539
260 1.00512
261 1.00485
262 1.00457
263 1.00430
264 1.00402
265 1.00374
266 1.00346
267 1.00318
268 1.00290
269 1.00262
270 1.00234
271 1.00205
272 1.00177
273 1.00148
274 1.00119
275 1.00091
276 1.00062
277 1.00033
278 1.00005
279 0.99976
280 0.99947
281 0.99918
282 0.99890
283 0.99861
284 0.99832
285 0.99804
286 0.99775
287 0.99747
288 0.99718
289 0.99690
290 0.99662
291 0.99634
292 0.99605
293 0.99577
294 0.99550
295 0.99522
296 0.99494
297 0.99467
298 0.99440
299 0.99412
300 0.99385
301 0.99359
302 0.99332
303 0.99306
304 0.99279
305 0.99253
306 0.99228
307 0.99202
308 0.99177
309 0.99152
310 0.99127
311 0.99102
312 0.99078
313 0.99054
314 0.99030
315 0.99007
316 0.98983
317 0.98961
318 0.98938
319 0.98916
320 0.98894
321 0.98872
322 0.98851
323 0.98830
324 0.98809
325 0.98789
326 0.98769
327 0.98750
328 0.98731
329 0.98712
330 0.98694
331 0.98676
332 0.98658
333 0.98641
334 0.98624
335 0.98608
336 0.98592
337 0.98577
338 0.98562
339 0.98547
340 0.98533
341 0.98519
342 0.98506
343 0.98493
344 0.98481
345 0.98469
346 0.98457
347 0.98446
348 0.98436
349 0.98426
350 0.98416
351 0.98407
352 0.98399
353 0.98391
354 0.98383
355 0.98376
356 0.98370
357 0.98363
358 0.98358
359 0.98353
360 0.98348
361 0.98344
362 0.98340
363 0.98337
364 0.98335
365 0.98333
366 0.98331];
if Lnum >= 4 && Lnum <= 7
% LPGS Upper lef corner alignment (see Landsat handbook for detail)
ul(1)=ul(1)-15;
ul(2)=ul(2)+15;
resolu=[reso_ref,reso_ref];
% Read in all bands
% Band1
n_B1=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B1*'));
if isempty(n_B1)
n_B1=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b1*'));
end
im_B1=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B1.name)));
% Band2
% Also used to be target or referenced image when resampling and reprojecting to the image extent and resolution.
n_B2=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B2*'));
if isempty(n_B2)
n_B2=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b2*'));
end
im_B2=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B2.name)));
trgt = GRIDobj(fullfile(path_top,n_B2.name));
% im_B2=single(trgt.Z);
trgt.Z=[];% remove non-used values to save memory.
% Band3
n_B3=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B3*'));
if isempty(n_B3)
n_B3=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b3*'));
end
im_B3=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B3.name)));
% Band4
n_B4=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B4*'));
if isempty(n_B4)
n_B4=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b4*'));
end
im_B4=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B4.name)));
% Band5
n_B5=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B5*'));
if isempty(n_B5)
n_B5=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b5*'));
end
im_B5=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B5.name)));
% Band6
if Lnum==7
n_B6=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B6*1*'));
if isempty(n_B6)
n_B6=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b6*1*'));
end
else
n_B6=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B6*'));
if isempty(n_B6)
n_B6=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b6*'));
end
end
im_th=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B6.name)));
% check to see whether need to resample thermal band
if reso_ref~=reso_thm
% resmaple thermal band
im_th=pixel2pixv([ul(2),ul(1)],[ul(2),ul(1)],...
resolu,[reso_thm,reso_thm],...
im_th,[ijdim_ref(2),ijdim_ref(1)],[ijdim_thm(2),ijdim_thm(1)]);
end
% Band7
n_B7=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B7*'));
if isempty(n_B7)
n_B7=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b7*'));
end
im_B7=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B7.name)));
% only processing pixesl where all bands have values (id_mssing)
id_missing=im_B1==0|im_B2==0|im_B3==0|im_B4==0|im_B5==0|im_th==0|im_B7==0;
% find pixels that are saturated in the visible bands
B1Satu=im_B1==255;
B2Satu=im_B2==255;
B3Satu=im_B3==255;
% ND to radiance first
% % % fprintf('From DNs to TOA ref & BT\n');
im_B1=((Lmax(1)-Lmin(1))/(Qcalmax(1)-Qcalmin(1)))*(im_B1-Qcalmin(1))+Lmin(1);
im_B2=((Lmax(2)-Lmin(2))/(Qcalmax(2)-Qcalmin(2)))*(im_B2-Qcalmin(2))+Lmin(2);
im_B3=((Lmax(3)-Lmin(3))/(Qcalmax(3)-Qcalmin(3)))*(im_B3-Qcalmin(3))+Lmin(3);
im_B4=((Lmax(4)-Lmin(4))/(Qcalmax(4)-Qcalmin(4)))*(im_B4-Qcalmin(4))+Lmin(4);
im_B5=((Lmax(5)-Lmin(5))/(Qcalmax(5)-Qcalmin(5)))*(im_B5-Qcalmin(5))+Lmin(5);
im_th=((Lmax(6)-Lmin(6))/(Qcalmax(6)-Qcalmin(6)))*(im_th-Qcalmin(6))+Lmin(6);
im_B7=((Lmax(7)-Lmin(7))/(Qcalmax(7)-Qcalmin(7)))*(im_B7-Qcalmin(7))+Lmin(7);
% Landsat 4, 5, and 7 solar spectral irradiance
% see G. Chander et al. RSE 113 (2009) 893-903
esun_L7=[1997.000, 1812.000, 1533.000, 1039.000, 230.800, -1.0, 84.90];
esun_L5=[1983.0, 1796.0, 1536.0, 1031.0, 220.0, -1.0, 83.44];
esun_L4=[1983.0, 1795.0, 1539.0, 1028.0, 219.8, -1.0, 83.49];
if Lnum==7
ESUN=esun_L7;
elseif Lnum==5
ESUN=esun_L5;
elseif Lnum==4
ESUN=esun_L4;
end
% earth-sun distance see G. Chander et al. RSE 113 (2009) 893-903
dsun_doy = Tab_ES_Dist(doy,2);
% compute TOA reflectances
% converted from degrees to radiance
s_zen=deg2rad(zen);
im_B1=10^4*pi*im_B1*dsun_doy^2/(ESUN(1)*cos(s_zen));
im_B2=10^4*pi*im_B2*dsun_doy^2/(ESUN(2)*cos(s_zen));
im_B3=10^4*pi*im_B3*dsun_doy^2/(ESUN(3)*cos(s_zen));
im_B4=10^4*pi*im_B4*dsun_doy^2/(ESUN(4)*cos(s_zen));
im_B5=10^4*pi*im_B5*dsun_doy^2/(ESUN(5)*cos(s_zen));
im_B7=10^4*pi*im_B7*dsun_doy^2/(ESUN(7)*cos(s_zen));
% convert Band6 from radiance to BT
% fprintf('From Band 6 Radiance to Brightness Temperature\n');
% see G. Chander et al. RSE 113 (2009) 893-903
K1_L4= 671.62;
K2_L4= 1284.30;
K1_L5= 607.76;
K2_L5= 1260.56;
K1_L7 = 666.09;
K2_L7 = 1282.71;
if Lnum==7
K1=K1_L7;
K2=K2_L7;
elseif Lnum==5
K1=K1_L5;
K2=K2_L5;
elseif Lnum==4
K1=K1_L4;
K2=K2_L4;
end
im_th=K2./log((K1./im_th)+1);
% convert from Kelvin to Celcius with 0.01 scale_facor
im_th=100*(im_th-273.15);
% get data ready for Fmask
im_B1(id_missing)=-9999;
im_B2(id_missing)=-9999;
im_B3(id_missing)=-9999;
im_B4(id_missing)=-9999;
im_B5(id_missing)=-9999;
im_th(id_missing)=-9999;
im_B7(id_missing)=-9999;
clear id_missing;
TOAref=zeros(ijdim_ref(1),ijdim_ref(2),6,'single');% Band1,2,3,4,5,&7
TOAref(:,:,1)=im_B1;clear im_B1;
TOAref(:,:,2)=im_B2;clear im_B2;
TOAref(:,:,3)=im_B3;clear im_B3;
TOAref(:,:,4)=im_B4;clear im_B4;
TOAref(:,:,5)=im_B5;clear im_B5;
TOAref(:,:,6)=im_B7;clear im_B7;
elseif Lnum == 8 || Lnum == 9
% LPGS Upper lef corner alignment (see Landsat handbook for detail)
ul(1)=ul(1)-15;
ul(2)=ul(2)+15;
resolu=[reso_ref,reso_ref];
% Read in all bands
% Band2
n_B2=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B2*'));
if isempty(n_B2)
n_B2=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b2*'));
end
im_B2=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B2(1).name))); clear n_B2;
% Band3
% Also used to be target or referenced image when resampling and reprojecting to the image extent and resolution.
n_B3=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B3*'));
if isempty(n_B3)
n_B3=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b3*'));
end
im_B3=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B3(1).name)));
trgt = GRIDobj(fullfile(path_top,n_B3.name)); clear n_B3;
% im_B3=single(trgt.Z);
trgt.Z=[];% remove non-used values to save memory.
% Band4
n_B4=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B4*'));
if isempty(n_B4)
n_B4=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b4*'));
end
im_B4=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B4(1).name))); clear n_B4;
% Band5
n_B5=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B5*'));
if isempty(n_B5)
n_B5=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b5*'));
end
im_B5=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B5(1).name))); clear n_B5;
% Band6
n_B6=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B6*'));
if isempty(n_B6)
n_B6=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b6*'));
end
im_B6=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B6(1).name))); clear n_B6;
% Band7
n_B7=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B7*'));
if isempty(n_B7)
n_B7=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b7*'));
end
im_B7=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B7(1).name))); clear n_B7;
% Band9
n_B9=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B9.*'));
if isempty(n_B9)
n_B9=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b9.*'));
end
im_B9=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B9(1).name))); clear n_B9;
% Band10
n_B10=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*B10*'));
if isempty(n_B10)
n_B10=dir(fullfile(path_top,'L*b10*'));
end
im_B10=single(imread(fullfile(path_top,n_B10(1).name))); clear n_B10 path_top;
% check to see whether need to resample thermal band
if reso_ref~=reso_thm
% resmaple thermal band
im_B10=pixel2pixv([ul(2),ul(1)],[ul(2),ul(1)],...
resolu,[reso_thm,reso_thm],...
im_B10,[ijdim_ref(2),ijdim_ref(1)],[ijdim_thm(2),ijdim_thm(1)]);
end
% only processing pixesl where all bands have values (id_mssing)
id_missing=im_B2==0|im_B3==0|im_B4==0|im_B5==0|im_B6==0|im_B7==0|im_B9==0|im_B10==0;
% find pixels that are saturated in the visible bands
B1Satu=im_B2==65535;
B2Satu=im_B3==65535;
B3Satu=im_B4==65535;
% ND to TOA reflectance with 0.0001 scale_facor
% % % fprintf('From DNs to TOA ref & BT\n');
im_B2=((Refmax(1)-Refmin(1))/(Qcalmax(1)-Qcalmin(1)))*(im_B2-Qcalmin(1))+Refmin(1);
im_B3=((Refmax(2)-Refmin(2))/(Qcalmax(2)-Qcalmin(2)))*(im_B3-Qcalmin(2))+Refmin(2);
im_B4=((Refmax(3)-Refmin(3))/(Qcalmax(3)-Qcalmin(3)))*(im_B4-Qcalmin(3))+Refmin(3);
im_B5=((Refmax(4)-Refmin(4))/(Qcalmax(4)-Qcalmin(4)))*(im_B5-Qcalmin(4))+Refmin(4);
im_B6=((Refmax(5)-Refmin(5))/(Qcalmax(5)-Qcalmin(5)))*(im_B6-Qcalmin(5))+Refmin(5);
im_B7=((Refmax(6)-Refmin(6))/(Qcalmax(6)-Qcalmin(6)))*(im_B7-Qcalmin(6))+Refmin(6);
im_B9=((Refmax(7)-Refmin(7))/(Qcalmax(7)-Qcalmin(7)))*(im_B9-Qcalmin(7))+Refmin(7);
im_B10=((Lmax(8)-Lmin(8))/(Qcalmax(8)-Qcalmin(8)))*(im_B10-Qcalmin(8))+Lmin(8);
% compute TOA reflectances
% with a correction for the sun angle
s_zen=deg2rad(zen);
im_B2=10^4*im_B2/cos(s_zen);
im_B3=10^4*im_B3/cos(s_zen);
im_B4=10^4*im_B4/cos(s_zen);
im_B5=10^4*im_B5/cos(s_zen);
im_B6=10^4*im_B6/cos(s_zen);
im_B7=10^4*im_B7/cos(s_zen);
im_B9=10^4*im_B9/cos(s_zen);
% convert Band6 from radiance to BT
% fprintf('From Band 6 Radiance to Brightness Temperature\n');
K1_B10 = 774.89;
K2_B10 = 1321.08;
im_B10=K2_B10./log((K1_B10./im_B10)+1);
% convert from Kelvin to Celcius with 0.01 scale_facor
im_B10=100*(im_B10-273.15);
% get data ready for Fmask
im_B2(id_missing)=-9999;
im_B3(id_missing)=-9999;
im_B4(id_missing)=-9999;
im_B5(id_missing)=-9999;
im_B6(id_missing)=-9999;
im_B7(id_missing)=-9999;
im_B9(id_missing)=-9999;
im_B10(id_missing) = -9999;
clear id_missing; % empty memory
TOAref=zeros(ijdim_ref(1),ijdim_ref(2),7,'single');% Band 2,3,4,5,6,7,& 9
TOAref(:,:,1)=im_B2; clear im_B2;
TOAref(:,:,2)=im_B3; clear im_B3;
TOAref(:,:,3)=im_B4; clear im_B4;
TOAref(:,:,4)=im_B5; clear im_B5;
TOAref(:,:,5)=im_B6; clear im_B6;
TOAref(:,:,6)=im_B7; clear im_B7;
TOAref(:,:,7)=im_B9; clear im_B9;
im_th=zeros(ijdim_ref(1),ijdim_ref(2),'single');% Band 10
im_th(:,:) = im_B10; clear im_B10;
else
fprintf('This sensor is not Landsat 4, 5, 7, or 8!\n');
return;
end
end