[FEATURE] Look Into redcap_metadata_coltypes for coltype ID

[rsh52]

Feature Request Description

A subfunction of REDCapR, redcap_metadata_coltypes, allows for extraction, identification, and assignment of REDCap column data types with readr syntax.

This may be a nice solution to simplifying how we currently process and assign coltypes in our internal function logic.

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[rsh52]

After talking through potential solutions for #141 in relation to this issue, a nice approach would be to incorporate redcap_metadata_coltypes in our package once it's on CRAN. This would give us access to all of the col_*() case_when logic Will has implemented.

However, we would like to avoid another API call in our package as redcap_metadata_coltypes uses an internally-defined redcap_metadata_internal API call. We should open an Issue and suggest that this function be built to handle the output of a redcap_metadata_read that we have at the top of our read_redcap function.