diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importAnalysisBuild.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importAnalysisBuild.ts
index d74987a6bca258..fe62709753ef08 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importAnalysisBuild.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importAnalysisBuild.ts
@@ -71,7 +71,8 @@ function indexOfMatchInSlice(
  */
 
 function detectScriptRel() {
-  const relList = document.createElement('link').relList
+  const relList =
+    typeof document !== 'undefined' && document.createElement('link').relList
   return relList && relList.supports && relList.supports('modulepreload')
     ? 'modulepreload'
     : 'preload'