Juridical sense vs. Logical sense Judgement started to be used in relation with intuitionistic type theory
Reason: It made good contrast with proposition
Russell skipped in favor of assertion
Russell broke with the Br itish/German idealism by using the term assertion
We make stepwise judgements on each propositional network and then draw inferences from it and reach a conclusion which thereby becomes established through these sequence of steps.
Descartes used the term judgement in Meditations.
Port Royal logic is divided into 4 parts: Apprehension, Judgement, Reasoning, Method
These terms had scholastic origin
Ockham’s logic does not use the word judgement
Act in which you apprehend the proposition Act in which you judge a proposition true or false
Thomas Aquinas used the term judgement
If propositions are the things that are true or false, he felt the need for some other term in connection with judgement. Judgements could be either correct or erroneous.
Bolzano and Brendano took up this term. Their source was Thomas Aquinas.
Martin Löf taught Organon from 2015.
Influx of the term judgement came from some Arabic source.
Aristotle uses the term apophasis.
Apophasis was translated into Hokum in the Arabic translations.
There was a tense situation between the grammarians when Aristotle’s logic was introduced to Baghdad in the late 800.
Abu Bisr introduced the idea that logic is about meaning and grammar is about expression.
In modern parlance, Löf says this corresponds to logic is about deep semantic structures and grammar is about surface structures.
There was a poly linguistic situation in Baghdad at the time.
There was Greek, Syriac, Persian and Arabic
The idea of having a underlying language of thought dealing with meaning structures which then have different manifestations in the various languages could hardly arise except in such a polylinguistic situation they found themselves.
Under this light, this can be seen as a verbal to mental transition
enunciatum was used for verbal act and iudicium for mental act.