diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/CHANGELOG.md b/opentelemetry-sdk/CHANGELOG.md
index d6a7828d64..2d12e54d98 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ Released 2020-11-02
   ([#1289](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/1289))
 - Set initial checkpoint timestamp in aggregators
   ([#1237](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/1237))
+- Allow samplers to modify tracestate
+  ([#1319](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/1319))
 - Remove TracerProvider coupling from Tracer init
   ([#1295](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/1295))
 
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/__init__.py b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/__init__.py
index a350e3687a..c0189e807e 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/__init__.py
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/__init__.py
@@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ def start_span(  # pylint: disable=too-many-locals
         # The sampler may also add attributes to the newly-created span, e.g.
         # to include information about the sampling result.
         sampling_result = self.sampler.should_sample(
-            context, trace_id, name, attributes, links,
+            context, trace_id, name, attributes, links, trace_state
         )
 
         trace_flags = (
@@ -793,7 +793,7 @@ def start_span(  # pylint: disable=too-many-locals
             self.ids_generator.generate_span_id(),
             is_remote=False,
             trace_flags=trace_flags,
-            trace_state=trace_state,
+            trace_state=sampling_result.trace_state,
         )
 
         # Only record if is_recording() is true
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/sampling.py b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/sampling.py
index dbb12d5d63..ffa51506ff 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/sampling.py
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/sampling.py
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@
 # pylint: disable=unused-import
 from opentelemetry.context import Context
 from opentelemetry.trace import Link, get_current_span
+from opentelemetry.trace.span import TraceState
 from opentelemetry.util.types import Attributes
 
 
@@ -93,6 +94,8 @@ class SamplingResult:
         decision: A sampling decision based off of whether the span is recorded
             and the sampled flag in trace flags in the span context.
         attributes: Attributes to add to the `opentelemetry.trace.Span`.
+        trace_state: The tracestate used for the `opentelemetry.trace.Span`.
+            Could possibly have been modified by the sampler.
     """
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
@@ -101,13 +104,17 @@ def __repr__(self) -> str:
         )
 
     def __init__(
-        self, decision: Decision, attributes: Attributes = None,
+        self,
+        decision: Decision,
+        attributes: "Attributes" = None,
+        trace_state: "TraceState" = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.decision = decision
         if attributes is None:
             self.attributes = MappingProxyType({})
         else:
             self.attributes = MappingProxyType(attributes)
+        self.trace_state = trace_state
 
 
 class Sampler(abc.ABC):
@@ -119,6 +126,7 @@ def should_sample(
         name: str,
         attributes: Attributes = None,
         links: Sequence["Link"] = None,
+        trace_state: "TraceState" = None,
     ) -> "SamplingResult":
         pass
 
@@ -140,10 +148,11 @@ def should_sample(
         name: str,
         attributes: Attributes = None,
         links: Sequence["Link"] = None,
+        trace_state: "TraceState" = None,
     ) -> "SamplingResult":
         if self._decision is Decision.DROP:
             return SamplingResult(self._decision)
-        return SamplingResult(self._decision, attributes)
+        return SamplingResult(self._decision, attributes, trace_state)
 
     def get_description(self) -> str:
         if self._decision is Decision.DROP:
@@ -194,6 +203,7 @@ def should_sample(
         name: str,
         attributes: Attributes = None,
         links: Sequence["Link"] = None,
+        trace_state: "TraceState" = None,
     ) -> "SamplingResult":
         decision = Decision.DROP
         if trace_id & self.TRACE_ID_LIMIT < self.bound:
@@ -226,6 +236,7 @@ def should_sample(
         name: str,
         attributes: Attributes = None,
         links: Sequence["Link"] = None,
+        trace_state: "TraceState" = None,
     ) -> "SamplingResult":
         if parent_context is not None:
             parent_span_context = get_current_span(
@@ -246,6 +257,7 @@ def should_sample(
             name=name,
             attributes=attributes,
             links=links,
+            trace_state=trace_state,
         )
 
     def get_description(self):
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/tests/trace/test_sampling.py b/opentelemetry-sdk/tests/trace/test_sampling.py
index fad5816ca8..d51a59c106 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/tests/trace/test_sampling.py
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/tests/trace/test_sampling.py
@@ -47,14 +47,18 @@ def test_is_sampled(self):
 class TestSamplingResult(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_ctr(self):
         attributes = {"asd": "test"}
+        trace_state = dict()
+        # pylint: disable=E1137
+        trace_state["test"] = "123"
         result = sampling.SamplingResult(
-            sampling.Decision.RECORD_ONLY, attributes
+            sampling.Decision.RECORD_ONLY, attributes, trace_state
         )
         self.assertIs(result.decision, sampling.Decision.RECORD_ONLY)
         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
             result.attributes["test"] = "mess-this-up"
         self.assertTrue(len(result.attributes), 1)
         self.assertEqual(result.attributes["asd"], "test")
+        self.assertEqual(result.trace_state["test"], "123")
 
 
 class TestSampler(unittest.TestCase):