diff --git a/packages/mui-base/src/AutocompleteUnstyled/useAutocomplete.js b/packages/mui-base/src/AutocompleteUnstyled/useAutocomplete.js
index 235c201b880898..c41218e0648d4b 100644
--- a/packages/mui-base/src/AutocompleteUnstyled/useAutocomplete.js
+++ b/packages/mui-base/src/AutocompleteUnstyled/useAutocomplete.js
@@ -470,7 +470,8 @@ export default function useAutocomplete(props) {
       previousProps.filteredOptions &&
       previousProps.filteredOptions.length !== filteredOptions.length &&
       (multiple
-        ? previousProps.value.every((val, i) => getOptionLabel(value[i]) === getOptionLabel(val))
+        ? value.length === previousProps.value.length &&
+          previousProps.value.every((val, i) => getOptionLabel(value[i]) === getOptionLabel(val))
         : getOptionLabel(previousProps.value ?? '') === getOptionLabel(value ?? ''))
     ) {
       const previousHighlightedOption = previousProps.filteredOptions[highlightedIndexRef.current];
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/Autocomplete/Autocomplete.test.js b/packages/mui-material/src/Autocomplete/Autocomplete.test.js
index 64543292803ba1..8558f47410902c 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/Autocomplete/Autocomplete.test.js
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/Autocomplete/Autocomplete.test.js
@@ -2822,4 +2822,57 @@ describe('<Autocomplete />', () => {
       expect(container.querySelectorAll(`.${chipClasses.root}`)).to.have.length(2);
     });
   });
+
+  // https://github.com/mui/material-ui/issues/36114
+  describe('deleting a tag immediately after adding it while the listbox is still open', () => {
+    it('should allow it, given that options are primitive values', () => {
+      const { container } = render(
+        <Autocomplete
+          multiple
+          disableCloseOnSelect
+          filterSelectedOptions
+          options={['one', 'two', 'three']}
+          renderInput={(params) => <TextField {...params} autoFocus />}
+        />,
+      );
+
+      const textbox = screen.getByRole('combobox');
+
+      fireEvent.keyDown(textbox, { key: 'ArrowDown' });
+      fireEvent.keyDown(textbox, { key: 'ArrowDown' }); // highlight the first option...
+      fireEvent.keyDown(textbox, { key: 'Enter' }); // ...and select it
+
+      fireEvent.keyDown(textbox, { key: 'ArrowDown' }); // highlight another option
+
+      expect(container.querySelectorAll(`.${chipClasses.root}`)).to.have.length(1);
+
+      fireEvent.keyDown(textbox, { key: 'Backspace' });
+      expect(container.querySelectorAll(`.${chipClasses.root}`)).to.have.length(0);
+    });
+
+    it('should allow it, given that options are objects', () => {
+      const { container } = render(
+        <Autocomplete
+          multiple
+          disableCloseOnSelect
+          filterSelectedOptions
+          options={[{ label: 'one' }, { label: 'two' }, { label: 'three' }]}
+          renderInput={(params) => <TextField {...params} autoFocus />}
+        />,
+      );
+
+      const textbox = screen.getByRole('combobox');
+
+      fireEvent.keyDown(textbox, { key: 'ArrowDown' });
+      fireEvent.keyDown(textbox, { key: 'ArrowDown' }); // highlight the first option...
+      fireEvent.keyDown(textbox, { key: 'Enter' }); // ...and select it
+
+      fireEvent.keyDown(textbox, { key: 'ArrowDown' }); // highlight another option
+
+      expect(container.querySelectorAll(`.${chipClasses.root}`)).to.have.length(1);
+
+      fireEvent.keyDown(textbox, { key: 'Backspace' });
+      expect(container.querySelectorAll(`.${chipClasses.root}`)).to.have.length(0);
+    });
+  });
 });