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manifold_test.cpp
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manifold_test.cpp
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// Copyright 2021 The Manifold Authors.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
#include "manifold/manifold.h"
#include <algorithm>
#ifdef MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION
#include "manifold/cross_section.h"
#endif
#include "../src/tri_dist.h"
#include "samples.h"
#include "test.h"
namespace {
using namespace manifold;
template <typename T>
int NumUnique(const std::vector<T>& in) {
std::set<int> unique;
for (const T& v : in) {
unique.emplace(v);
}
return unique.size();
}
} // namespace
/**
* This tests that turning a mesh into a manifold and returning it to a mesh
* produces a consistent result.
*/
TEST(Manifold, GetMeshGL) {
Manifold manifold = Manifold::Sphere(1);
auto mesh_out = manifold.GetMeshGL();
Manifold manifold2(mesh_out);
auto mesh_out2 = manifold2.GetMeshGL();
Identical(mesh_out, mesh_out2);
}
TEST(Manifold, Empty) {
MeshGL emptyMesh;
Manifold empty(emptyMesh);
EXPECT_TRUE(empty.IsEmpty());
EXPECT_EQ(empty.Status(), Manifold::Error::NoError);
}
TEST(Manifold, ValidInput) {
MeshGL tetGL = TetGL();
Manifold tet(tetGL);
EXPECT_FALSE(tet.IsEmpty());
EXPECT_EQ(tet.Status(), Manifold::Error::NoError);
}
TEST(Manifold, InvalidInput1) {
MeshGL in = TetGL();
in.vertProperties[2 * 3 + 1] = NAN;
Manifold tet(in);
EXPECT_TRUE(tet.IsEmpty());
EXPECT_EQ(tet.Status(), Manifold::Error::NonFiniteVertex);
}
TEST(Manifold, InvalidInput2) {
MeshGL in = TetGL();
std::swap(in.triVerts[2 * 3 + 1], in.triVerts[2 * 3 + 2]);
Manifold tet(in);
EXPECT_TRUE(tet.IsEmpty());
EXPECT_EQ(tet.Status(), Manifold::Error::NotManifold);
}
TEST(Manifold, InvalidInput3) {
MeshGL in = TetGL();
for (uint32_t& triVert : in.triVerts) {
if (triVert == 2) triVert = -2;
}
Manifold tet(in);
EXPECT_TRUE(tet.IsEmpty());
EXPECT_EQ(tet.Status(), Manifold::Error::VertexOutOfBounds);
}
TEST(Manifold, InvalidInput4) {
MeshGL in = TetGL();
for (uint32_t& triVert : in.triVerts) {
if (triVert == 2) triVert = 4;
}
Manifold tet(in);
EXPECT_TRUE(tet.IsEmpty());
EXPECT_EQ(tet.Status(), Manifold::Error::NotManifold);
}
TEST(Manifold, InvalidInput5) {
MeshGL tetGL = TetGL();
tetGL.mergeFromVert[tetGL.mergeFromVert.size() - 1] = 7;
Manifold tet(tetGL);
EXPECT_TRUE(tet.IsEmpty());
EXPECT_EQ(tet.Status(), Manifold::Error::MergeIndexOutOfBounds);
}
TEST(Manifold, InvalidInput6) {
MeshGL tetGL = TetGL();
tetGL.triVerts[tetGL.triVerts.size() - 1] = 7;
Manifold tet(tetGL);
EXPECT_TRUE(tet.IsEmpty());
EXPECT_EQ(tet.Status(), Manifold::Error::VertexOutOfBounds);
}
/**
* ExpectMeshes performs a decomposition, so this test ensures that compose and
* decompose are inverse operations.
*/
TEST(Manifold, Decompose) {
std::vector<Manifold> manifoldList;
manifoldList.emplace_back(Manifold::Tetrahedron());
manifoldList.emplace_back(Manifold::Cube());
manifoldList.emplace_back(Manifold::Sphere(1, 4));
Manifold manifolds = Manifold::Compose(manifoldList);
ExpectMeshes(manifolds, {{8, 12}, {6, 8}, {4, 4}});
std::vector<MeshGL> input;
for (const Manifold& manifold : manifoldList) {
EXPECT_GE(manifold.OriginalID(), 0);
input.emplace_back(manifold.GetMeshGL());
}
RelatedGL(manifolds, input);
}
TEST(Manifold, DecomposeProps) {
std::vector<MeshGL> input;
std::vector<Manifold> manifoldList;
auto tet = WithPositionColors(Manifold::Tetrahedron());
manifoldList.emplace_back(tet);
input.emplace_back(tet);
auto cube = WithPositionColors(Manifold::Cube());
manifoldList.emplace_back(cube);
input.emplace_back(cube);
auto sphere = WithPositionColors(Manifold::Sphere(1, 4));
manifoldList.emplace_back(sphere);
input.emplace_back(sphere);
Manifold manifolds = Manifold::Compose(manifoldList);
ExpectMeshes(manifolds, {{8, 12, 3}, {6, 8, 3}, {4, 4, 3}});
RelatedGL(manifolds, input);
for (const Manifold& manifold : manifolds.Decompose()) {
RelatedGL(manifold, input);
}
}
/**
* These tests check the various manifold constructors.
*/
TEST(Manifold, Sphere) {
int n = 25;
Manifold sphere = Manifold::Sphere(1.0, 4 * n);
EXPECT_EQ(sphere.NumTri(), n * n * 8);
}
TEST(Manifold, Cylinder) {
int n = 10000;
Manifold cylinder = Manifold::Cylinder(2, 2, 2, n);
EXPECT_EQ(cylinder.NumTri(), 4 * n - 4);
}
TEST(Manifold, Extrude) {
Polygons polys = SquareHole();
Manifold donut = Manifold::Extrude(polys, 1.0, 3);
EXPECT_EQ(donut.Genus(), 1);
auto prop = donut.GetProperties();
EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(prop.volume, 12.0);
EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(prop.surfaceArea, 48.0);
}
TEST(Manifold, ExtrudeCone) {
Polygons polys = SquareHole();
Manifold donut = Manifold::Extrude(polys, 1.0, 0, 0, vec2(0.0));
EXPECT_EQ(donut.Genus(), 0);
EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(donut.GetProperties().volume, 4.0);
}
Polygons RotatePolygons(Polygons polys, const int index) {
Polygons rotatedPolys;
for (auto& polygon : polys) {
auto rotatedPolygon = polygon;
std::rotate(rotatedPolygon.begin(), rotatedPolygon.begin() + index,
rotatedPolygon.end());
rotatedPolys.push_back(rotatedPolygon);
}
return rotatedPolys;
}
TEST(Manifold, Revolve) {
Polygons polys = SquareHole();
Manifold vug;
for (size_t i = 0; i < polys[0].size(); i++) {
Polygons rotatedPolys = RotatePolygons(polys, i);
vug = Manifold::Revolve(rotatedPolys, 48);
EXPECT_EQ(vug.Genus(), -1);
auto prop = vug.GetProperties();
EXPECT_NEAR(prop.volume, 14.0 * kPi, 0.2);
EXPECT_NEAR(prop.surfaceArea, 30.0 * kPi, 0.2);
}
}
TEST(Manifold, Revolve2) {
Polygons polys = SquareHole(2.0);
Manifold donutHole = Manifold::Revolve(polys, 48);
EXPECT_EQ(donutHole.Genus(), 0);
auto prop = donutHole.GetProperties();
EXPECT_NEAR(prop.volume, 48.0 * kPi, 1.0);
EXPECT_NEAR(prop.surfaceArea, 96.0 * kPi, 1.0);
}
#ifdef MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION
TEST(Manifold, Revolve3) {
CrossSection circle = CrossSection::Circle(1, 32);
Manifold sphere = Manifold::Revolve(circle.ToPolygons(), 32);
auto prop = sphere.GetProperties();
EXPECT_NEAR(prop.volume, 4.0 / 3.0 * kPi, 0.1);
EXPECT_NEAR(prop.surfaceArea, 4 * kPi, 0.15);
}
#endif
TEST(Manifold, PartialRevolveOnYAxis) {
Polygons polys = SquareHole(2.0);
Polygons offsetPolys = SquareHole(10.0);
Manifold revolute;
for (size_t i = 0; i < polys[0].size(); i++) {
Polygons rotatedPolys = RotatePolygons(polys, i);
revolute = Manifold::Revolve(rotatedPolys, 48, 180);
EXPECT_EQ(revolute.Genus(), 1);
auto prop = revolute.GetProperties();
EXPECT_NEAR(prop.volume, 24.0 * kPi, 1.0);
EXPECT_NEAR(prop.surfaceArea,
48.0 * kPi + 4.0 * 4.0 * 2.0 - 2.0 * 2.0 * 2.0, 1.0);
}
}
TEST(Manifold, PartialRevolveOffset) {
Polygons polys = SquareHole(10.0);
Manifold revolute;
for (size_t i = 0; i < polys[0].size(); i++) {
Polygons rotatedPolys = RotatePolygons(polys, i);
revolute = Manifold::Revolve(rotatedPolys, 48, 180);
auto prop = revolute.GetProperties();
EXPECT_EQ(revolute.Genus(), 1);
EXPECT_NEAR(prop.surfaceArea, 777.0, 1.0);
EXPECT_NEAR(prop.volume, 376.0, 1.0);
}
}
#ifdef MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION
TEST(Manifold, Warp) {
CrossSection square = CrossSection::Square({1, 1});
Manifold shape =
Manifold::Extrude(square.ToPolygons(), 2, 10).Warp([](vec3& v) {
v.x += v.z * v.z;
});
auto propBefore = shape.GetProperties();
Manifold simplified = Manifold::Compose({shape});
auto propAfter = simplified.GetProperties();
EXPECT_NEAR(propBefore.volume, propAfter.volume, 0.0001);
EXPECT_NEAR(propBefore.surfaceArea, propAfter.surfaceArea, 0.0001);
EXPECT_NEAR(propBefore.volume, 2, 0.0001);
}
TEST(Manifold, Warp2) {
CrossSection circle = CrossSection::Circle(5, 20).Translate(vec2(10.0, 10.0));
Manifold shape =
Manifold::Extrude(circle.ToPolygons(), 2, 10).Warp([](vec3& v) {
int nSegments = 10;
double angleStep = 2.0 / 3.0 * kPi / nSegments;
int zIndex = nSegments - 1 - std::round(v.z);
double angle = zIndex * angleStep;
v.z = v.y;
v.y = v.x * sin(angle);
v.x = v.x * cos(angle);
});
auto propBefore = shape.GetProperties();
Manifold simplified = Manifold::Compose({shape});
auto propAfter = simplified.GetProperties();
EXPECT_NEAR(propBefore.volume, propAfter.volume, 0.0001);
EXPECT_NEAR(propBefore.surfaceArea, propAfter.surfaceArea, 0.0001);
EXPECT_NEAR(propBefore.volume, 321, 1);
}
#endif
TEST(Manifold, WarpBatch) {
Manifold shape1 =
Manifold::Cube({2, 3, 4}).Warp([](vec3& v) { v.x += v.z * v.z; });
auto prop1 = shape1.GetProperties();
Manifold shape2 = Manifold::Cube({2, 3, 4}).WarpBatch([](VecView<vec3> vecs) {
for (vec3& v : vecs) {
v.x += v.z * v.z;
}
});
auto prop2 = shape2.GetProperties();
EXPECT_EQ(prop1.volume, prop2.volume);
EXPECT_EQ(prop1.surfaceArea, prop2.surfaceArea);
}
#ifdef MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION
TEST(Manifold, Project) {
MeshGL input;
input.numProp = 3;
input.vertProperties = {0, 0, 0, //
-2, -0.7, -0.1, //
-2, -0.7, 0, //
-1.9, -0.7, -0.1, //
-1.9, -0.6901, -0.1, //
-1.9, -0.7, 0, //
-1.9, -0.6901, 0, //
-2, -1, 3, //
-1.9, -1, 3, //
-2, -1, 4, //
-1.9, -1, 4, //
-1.9, -0.6901, 3, //
-1.9, -0.6901, 4, //
-1.7, -0.6901, 3, //
-1.7, -0.6901, 3.2, //
-2, 0, -0.1, //
-2, 0, 0, //
-2, 0, 3, //
-2, 0, 4, //
-1.7, 0, 3, //
-1.7, 0, 3.2, //
-1, -0.6901, -0.1, //
-1, -0.6901, 0, //
-1, -0.6901, 3.2, //
-1, -0.6901, 4, //
-1, 0, -0.1, //
-1, 0, 0, //
-1, 0, 3.2, //
-1, 0, 4};
input.triVerts = {1, 3, 2, //
1, 4, 3, //
2, 3, 5, //
5, 6, 2, //
3, 4, 6, //
5, 3, 6, //
6, 4, 21, //
26, 22, 25, //
21, 25, 22, //
25, 15, 26, //
26, 6, 22, //
21, 4, 25, //
21, 22, 6, //
16, 26, 15, //
16, 6, 26, //
4, 15, 25, //
15, 1, 16, //
16, 2, 6, //
4, 1, 15, //
1, 2, 16, //
12, 14, 23, //
12, 13, 14, //
12, 11, 13, //
18, 9, 12, //
11, 7, 17, //
7, 9, 18, //
17, 7, 18, //
13, 11, 19, //
17, 18, 20, //
19, 11, 17, //
19, 17, 20, //
14, 13, 20, //
18, 12, 24, //
20, 13, 19, //
20, 18, 27, //
12, 10, 11, //
24, 12, 23, //
9, 10, 12, //
9, 8, 10, //
8, 11, 10, //
8, 7, 11, //
8, 9, 7, //
14, 20, 27, //
24, 28, 18, //
27, 18, 28, //
23, 14, 27, //
24, 23, 28, //
28, 23, 27};
Manifold in(input);
CrossSection projected = in.Project();
EXPECT_NEAR(projected.Area(), 0.72, 0.01);
}
#endif
/**
* Testing more advanced Manifold operations.
*/
TEST(Manifold, Transform) {
Manifold cube = Manifold::Cube({1, 2, 3});
Manifold cube2 = cube;
cube = cube.Rotate(30, 40, 50).Scale({6, 5, 4}).Translate({1, 2, 3});
mat3 rX({1.0, 0.0, 0.0}, //
{0.0, cosd(30), sind(30)}, //
{0.0, -sind(30), cosd(30)});
mat3 rY({cosd(40), 0.0, -sind(40)}, //
{0.0, 1.0, 0.0}, //
{sind(40), 0.0, cosd(40)});
mat3 rZ({cosd(50), sind(50), 0.0}, //
{-sind(50), cosd(50), 0.0}, //
{0.0, 0.0, 1.0});
mat3 s;
s[0][0] = 6;
s[1][1] = 5;
s[2][2] = 4;
mat3x4 transform = mat3x4(s * rZ * rY * rX, vec3(0.0));
transform[3] = vec3(1, 2, 3);
cube2 = cube2.Transform(transform);
Identical(cube.GetMeshGL(), cube2.GetMeshGL());
}
#ifdef MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION
TEST(Manifold, Slice) {
Manifold cube = Manifold::Cube();
CrossSection bottom = cube.Slice();
CrossSection top = cube.Slice(1);
EXPECT_EQ(bottom.Area(), 1);
EXPECT_EQ(top.Area(), 0);
}
#endif
TEST(Manifold, MeshRelation) {
MeshGL gyroidMeshGL = WithIndexColors(Gyroid().GetMeshGL());
Manifold gyroid(gyroidMeshGL);
#ifdef MANIFOLD_EXPORT
ExportOptions opt;
opt.mat.roughness = 1;
opt.mat.colorChannels = ivec4(3, 4, 5, -1);
if (options.exportModels) ExportMesh("gyroid.glb", gyroid.GetMeshGL(), opt);
#endif
RelatedGL(gyroid, {gyroidMeshGL});
}
TEST(Manifold, MeshRelationTransform) {
const Manifold cube = Manifold::Cube();
const MeshGL cubeGL = cube.GetMeshGL();
const Manifold turned = cube.Rotate(45, 90);
RelatedGL(turned, {cubeGL});
}
TEST(Manifold, MeshRelationRefine) {
MeshGL inGL = WithIndexColors(Csaszar());
Manifold csaszar(inGL);
RelatedGL(csaszar, {inGL});
csaszar = csaszar.RefineToLength(1);
ExpectMeshes(csaszar, {{9019, 18038, 3}});
RelatedGL(csaszar, {inGL});
#ifdef MANIFOLD_EXPORT
ExportOptions opt;
opt.mat.roughness = 1;
opt.mat.colorChannels = ivec4(3, 4, 5, -1);
if (options.exportModels) ExportMesh("csaszar.glb", csaszar.GetMeshGL(), opt);
#endif
}
TEST(Manifold, MeshRelationRefinePrecision) {
MeshGL inGL = WithPositionColors(Csaszar());
Manifold csaszar = Manifold::Smooth(inGL);
csaszar = csaszar.RefineToPrecision(0.05);
ExpectMeshes(csaszar, {{2684, 5368, 3}});
#ifdef MANIFOLD_EXPORT
ExportOptions opt;
opt.mat.roughness = 1;
opt.mat.colorChannels = ivec4(3, 4, 5, -1);
if (options.exportModels)
ExportMesh("csaszarSmooth.glb", csaszar.GetMeshGL(), opt);
#endif
}
TEST(Manifold, MeshGLRoundTrip) {
const Manifold cylinder = Manifold::Cylinder(2, 1);
ASSERT_GE(cylinder.OriginalID(), 0);
MeshGL inGL = cylinder.GetMeshGL();
const Manifold cylinder2(inGL);
const MeshGL outGL = cylinder2.GetMeshGL();
ASSERT_EQ(inGL.runOriginalID.size(), 1);
ASSERT_EQ(outGL.runOriginalID.size(), 1);
ASSERT_EQ(outGL.runOriginalID[0], inGL.runOriginalID[0]);
RelatedGL(cylinder2, {inGL});
}
void CheckCube(const MeshGL& cubeSTL) {
Manifold cube(cubeSTL);
cube = cube.AsOriginal();
EXPECT_EQ(cube.NumTri(), 12);
EXPECT_EQ(cube.NumVert(), 8);
EXPECT_EQ(cube.NumPropVert(), 24);
auto prop = cube.GetProperties();
EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(prop.volume, 1.0);
EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(prop.surfaceArea, 6.0);
}
TEST(Manifold, Merge) {
MeshGL cubeSTL = CubeSTL();
EXPECT_EQ(cubeSTL.NumTri(), 12);
EXPECT_EQ(cubeSTL.NumVert(), 36);
Manifold cubeBad(cubeSTL);
EXPECT_TRUE(cubeBad.IsEmpty());
EXPECT_EQ(cubeBad.Status(), Manifold::Error::NotManifold);
EXPECT_TRUE(cubeSTL.Merge());
EXPECT_EQ(cubeSTL.mergeFromVert.size(), 28);
CheckCube(cubeSTL);
EXPECT_FALSE(cubeSTL.Merge());
EXPECT_EQ(cubeSTL.mergeFromVert.size(), 28);
cubeSTL.mergeFromVert.resize(14);
cubeSTL.mergeToVert.resize(14);
EXPECT_TRUE(cubeSTL.Merge());
EXPECT_EQ(cubeSTL.mergeFromVert.size(), 28);
CheckCube(cubeSTL);
}
TEST(Manifold, PinchedVert) {
MeshGL shape;
shape.numProp = 3;
shape.vertProperties = {0, 0, 0, //
1, 1, 0, //
1, -1, 0, //
-0.00001, 0, 0, //
-1, -1, -0, //
-1, 1, 0, //
0, 0, 2, //
0, 0, -2};
shape.triVerts = {0, 2, 6, //
2, 1, 6, //
1, 0, 6, //
4, 3, 6, //
3, 5, 6, //
5, 4, 6, //
2, 0, 4, //
0, 3, 4, //
3, 0, 1, //
3, 1, 5, //
7, 2, 4, //
7, 4, 5, //
7, 5, 1, //
7, 1, 2};
Manifold touch(shape);
EXPECT_FALSE(touch.IsEmpty());
EXPECT_EQ(touch.Status(), Manifold::Error::NoError);
EXPECT_EQ(touch.Genus(), 0);
}
TEST(Manifold, FaceIDRoundTrip) {
const Manifold cube = Manifold::Cube();
ASSERT_GE(cube.OriginalID(), 0);
MeshGL inGL = cube.GetMeshGL();
ASSERT_EQ(NumUnique(inGL.faceID), 6);
inGL.faceID = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11};
const Manifold cube2(inGL);
const MeshGL outGL = cube2.GetMeshGL();
ASSERT_EQ(NumUnique(outGL.faceID), 12);
}
TEST(Manifold, MirrorUnion) {
auto a = Manifold::Cube({5., 5., 5.}, true);
auto b = a.Translate({2.5, 2.5, 2.5});
auto result = a + b + b.Mirror({1, 1, 0});
#ifdef MANIFOLD_EXPORT
if (options.exportModels)
ExportMesh("manifold_mirror_union.glb", result.GetMeshGL(), {});
#endif
auto vol_a = a.GetProperties().volume;
EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(vol_a * 2.75, result.GetProperties().volume);
EXPECT_TRUE(a.Mirror(vec3(0.0)).IsEmpty());
}
TEST(Manifold, MirrorUnion2) {
auto a = Manifold::Cube();
auto result = Manifold::Compose({a.Mirror({1, 0, 0})});
EXPECT_TRUE(result.MatchesTriNormals());
}
#ifdef MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION
TEST(Manifold, Invalid) {
auto invalid = Manifold::Error::InvalidConstruction;
auto circ = CrossSection::Circle(10.);
auto empty_circ = CrossSection::Circle(-2.);
auto empty_sq = CrossSection::Square(vec2(0.0));
EXPECT_EQ(Manifold::Sphere(0).Status(), invalid);
EXPECT_EQ(Manifold::Cylinder(0, 5).Status(), invalid);
EXPECT_EQ(Manifold::Cylinder(2, -5).Status(), invalid);
EXPECT_EQ(Manifold::Cube(vec3(0.0)).Status(), invalid);
EXPECT_EQ(Manifold::Cube({-1, 1, 1}).Status(), invalid);
EXPECT_EQ(Manifold::Extrude(circ.ToPolygons(), 0.).Status(), invalid);
EXPECT_EQ(Manifold::Extrude(empty_circ.ToPolygons(), 10.).Status(), invalid);
EXPECT_EQ(Manifold::Revolve(empty_sq.ToPolygons()).Status(), invalid);
}
#endif
TEST(Manifold, MultiCompose) {
auto part = Manifold::Compose({Manifold::Cube({10, 10, 10})});
auto finalAssembly =
Manifold::Compose({part, part.Translate({0, 10, 0}),
part.Mirror({1, 0, 0}).Translate({10, 0, 0}),
part.Mirror({1, 0, 0}).Translate({10, 10, 0})});
EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(finalAssembly.GetProperties().volume, 4000);
}
TEST(Manifold, MergeDegenerates) {
MeshGL cube = Manifold::Cube(vec3(1), true).GetMeshGL();
MeshGL squash;
squash.vertProperties = cube.vertProperties;
squash.triVerts = cube.triVerts;
// Move one vert to the position of its neighbor and remove one triangle
// linking them to break the manifold.
squash.vertProperties[squash.vertProperties.size() - 1] *= -1;
squash.triVerts.resize(squash.triVerts.size() - 3);
// Rotate the degenerate triangle to the middle to catch more problems.
std::rotate(squash.triVerts.begin(), squash.triVerts.begin() + 3 * 5,
squash.triVerts.end());
// Merge should remove the now duplicate vertex.
EXPECT_TRUE(squash.Merge());
// Manifold should remove the triangle with two references to the same vert.
Manifold squashed = Manifold(squash);
EXPECT_FALSE(squashed.IsEmpty());
EXPECT_EQ(squashed.Status(), Manifold::Error::NoError);
}