diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 277080d..c390bce 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup PostgreSQL & MySQL & SQLite (for macOS)
         if: matrix.os == 'macOS-latest'
         run: |
+          # Unlink and re-link to prevent errors when github mac runner images
+          # https://github.com/actions/setup-python/issues/577
+          brew list -1 | grep python | while read formula; do brew unlink $formula; brew link --overwrite $formula; done
+
           brew update
           brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies node
           brew install node@18
@@ -173,23 +177,6 @@ jobs:
           command: test
           args: --no-default-features --features postgres,runtime-tokio-rustls
 
-      # actix
-      - name: Cargo Test For PostgreSQL,runtime-actix-native-tls
-        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
-        env:
-          DATABASE_URL: postgres://casbin_rs:casbin_rs@localhost:5432/casbin
-        with:
-          command: test
-          args: --no-default-features --features postgres,runtime-actix-native-tls
-
-      - name: Cargo Test For PostgreSQL,runtime-actix-rustls
-        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
-        env:
-          DATABASE_URL: postgres://casbin_rs:casbin_rs@localhost:5432/casbin
-        with:
-          command: test
-          args: --no-default-features --features postgres,runtime-actix-rustls
-
       # MySQL
       # async-std
       - name: Cargo Test For MySQL,runtime-async-std-native-tls
@@ -225,23 +212,6 @@ jobs:
           command: test
           args: --no-default-features --features mysql,runtime-tokio-rustls
 
-      # actix
-      - name: Cargo Test For MySQL,runtime-actix-native-tls
-        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
-        env:
-          DATABASE_URL: mysql://casbin_rs:casbin_rs@localhost:3306/casbin
-        with:
-          command: test
-          args: --no-default-features --features mysql,runtime-actix-native-tls
-
-      - name: Cargo Test For MySQL,runtime-actix-rustls
-        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
-        env:
-          DATABASE_URL: mysql://casbin_rs:casbin_rs@localhost:3306/casbin
-        with:
-          command: test
-          args: --no-default-features --features mysql,runtime-actix-rustls
-
       #SQLite
       #async-std
       - name: Cargo Test For SQLite,runtime-async-std-native-tls
@@ -277,23 +247,6 @@ jobs:
           command: test
           args: --no-default-features --features sqlite,runtime-tokio-rustls
 
-      # actix
-      - name: Cargo Test For SQLite,runtime-actix-native-tls
-        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
-        env:
-          DATABASE_URL: sqlite:casbin.db
-        with:
-          command: test
-          args: --no-default-features --features sqlite,runtime-actix-native-tls
-
-      - name: Cargo Test For SQLite,runtime-actix-rustls
-        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
-        env:
-          DATABASE_URL: sqlite:casbin.db
-        with:
-          command: test
-          args: --no-default-features --features sqlite,runtime-actix-rustls
-
       - name: Cargo Clippy
         uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
         with:
diff --git a/.sqlx/query-1cabd2f674da323da9e0da724d3bcfe5f968b31500e8c8cf97fe16814bc04164.json b/.sqlx/query-1cabd2f674da323da9e0da724d3bcfe5f968b31500e8c8cf97fe16814bc04164.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb3a84f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.sqlx/query-1cabd2f674da323da9e0da724d3bcfe5f968b31500e8c8cf97fe16814bc04164.json
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+  "db_name": "PostgreSQL",
+  "query": "INSERT INTO casbin_rule ( ptype, v0, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5 )\n                 VALUES ( $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7 )",
+  "describe": {
+    "columns": [],
+    "parameters": {
+      "Left": [
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar"
+      ]
+    },
+    "nullable": []
+  },
+  "hash": "1cabd2f674da323da9e0da724d3bcfe5f968b31500e8c8cf97fe16814bc04164"
+}
diff --git a/.sqlx/query-1f299262f01a2c9d2ee94079a12766573c91b2775a086c65bc9a5fdc91300bb0.json b/.sqlx/query-1f299262f01a2c9d2ee94079a12766573c91b2775a086c65bc9a5fdc91300bb0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ea12e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.sqlx/query-1f299262f01a2c9d2ee94079a12766573c91b2775a086c65bc9a5fdc91300bb0.json
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{
+  "db_name": "PostgreSQL",
+  "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    (v3 is NULL OR v3 = COALESCE($2,v3)) AND\n                    (v4 is NULL OR v4 = COALESCE($3,v4)) AND\n                    (v5 is NULL OR v5 = COALESCE($4,v5))",
+  "describe": {
+    "columns": [],
+    "parameters": {
+      "Left": [
+        "Text",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar"
+      ]
+    },
+    "nullable": []
+  },
+  "hash": "1f299262f01a2c9d2ee94079a12766573c91b2775a086c65bc9a5fdc91300bb0"
+}
diff --git a/.sqlx/query-24876462291b90324dfe3682e9f36247a328db780a48da47c9402e1d3ebd80c9.json b/.sqlx/query-24876462291b90324dfe3682e9f36247a328db780a48da47c9402e1d3ebd80c9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8046c5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.sqlx/query-24876462291b90324dfe3682e9f36247a328db780a48da47c9402e1d3ebd80c9.json
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+{
+  "db_name": "PostgreSQL",
+  "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule",
+  "describe": {
+    "columns": [],
+    "parameters": {
+      "Left": []
+    },
+    "nullable": []
+  },
+  "hash": "24876462291b90324dfe3682e9f36247a328db780a48da47c9402e1d3ebd80c9"
+}
diff --git a/.sqlx/query-2872b56bbc5bed96b1a303bf9cf44610fb79a1b9330730c65953f0c1b88c2a53.json b/.sqlx/query-2872b56bbc5bed96b1a303bf9cf44610fb79a1b9330730c65953f0c1b88c2a53.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e246e53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.sqlx/query-2872b56bbc5bed96b1a303bf9cf44610fb79a1b9330730c65953f0c1b88c2a53.json
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+  "db_name": "PostgreSQL",
+  "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    v0 = $2 AND\n                    v1 = $3 AND\n                    v2 = $4 AND\n                    v3 = $5 AND\n                    v4 = $6 AND\n                    v5 = $7",
+  "describe": {
+    "columns": [],
+    "parameters": {
+      "Left": [
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text"
+      ]
+    },
+    "nullable": []
+  },
+  "hash": "2872b56bbc5bed96b1a303bf9cf44610fb79a1b9330730c65953f0c1b88c2a53"
+}
diff --git a/.sqlx/query-3022cb733970ae5836ab3891367b209a7e1f0974242ecd0f55e5b0098152bad5.json b/.sqlx/query-3022cb733970ae5836ab3891367b209a7e1f0974242ecd0f55e5b0098152bad5.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d06843
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.sqlx/query-3022cb733970ae5836ab3891367b209a7e1f0974242ecd0f55e5b0098152bad5.json
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+{
+  "db_name": "PostgreSQL",
+  "query": "SELECT * FROM casbin_rule",
+  "describe": {
+    "columns": [
+      {
+        "ordinal": 0,
+        "name": "id",
+        "type_info": "Int4"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 1,
+        "name": "ptype",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 2,
+        "name": "v0",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 3,
+        "name": "v1",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 4,
+        "name": "v2",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 5,
+        "name": "v3",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 6,
+        "name": "v4",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 7,
+        "name": "v5",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      }
+    ],
+    "parameters": {
+      "Left": []
+    },
+    "nullable": [
+      false,
+      false,
+      false,
+      false,
+      false,
+      false,
+      false,
+      false
+    ]
+  },
+  "hash": "3022cb733970ae5836ab3891367b209a7e1f0974242ecd0f55e5b0098152bad5"
+}
diff --git a/.sqlx/query-438ee38e669be96e562d09d3bc5806b4c78b7aa2a9609c4eccb941c7dff7b107.json b/.sqlx/query-438ee38e669be96e562d09d3bc5806b4c78b7aa2a9609c4eccb941c7dff7b107.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75c6da3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.sqlx/query-438ee38e669be96e562d09d3bc5806b4c78b7aa2a9609c4eccb941c7dff7b107.json
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+{
+  "db_name": "PostgreSQL",
+  "query": "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS casbin_rule (\n                    id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,\n                    ptype VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    v0 VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    v1 VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    v2 VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    v3 VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    v4 VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    v5 VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    CONSTRAINT unique_key_sqlx_adapter UNIQUE(ptype, v0, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5)\n                    );\n        ",
+  "describe": {
+    "columns": [],
+    "parameters": {
+      "Left": []
+    },
+    "nullable": []
+  },
+  "hash": "438ee38e669be96e562d09d3bc5806b4c78b7aa2a9609c4eccb941c7dff7b107"
+}
diff --git a/.sqlx/query-4acfe0086a593b08177791bb3b47cb75a999041a3eb6a8f8177bebfa3c30d56f.json b/.sqlx/query-4acfe0086a593b08177791bb3b47cb75a999041a3eb6a8f8177bebfa3c30d56f.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce229dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.sqlx/query-4acfe0086a593b08177791bb3b47cb75a999041a3eb6a8f8177bebfa3c30d56f.json
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+{
+  "db_name": "PostgreSQL",
+  "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    (v4 is NULL OR v4 = COALESCE($2,v4)) AND\n                    (v5 is NULL OR v5 = COALESCE($3,v5))",
+  "describe": {
+    "columns": [],
+    "parameters": {
+      "Left": [
+        "Text",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar"
+      ]
+    },
+    "nullable": []
+  },
+  "hash": "4acfe0086a593b08177791bb3b47cb75a999041a3eb6a8f8177bebfa3c30d56f"
+}
diff --git a/.sqlx/query-4e7b82d256f7298564f46af6a45b89853785c32a5f83cb0b25609329c760428a.json b/.sqlx/query-4e7b82d256f7298564f46af6a45b89853785c32a5f83cb0b25609329c760428a.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c4c1df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.sqlx/query-4e7b82d256f7298564f46af6a45b89853785c32a5f83cb0b25609329c760428a.json
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+  "db_name": "PostgreSQL",
+  "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    (v1 is NULL OR v1 = COALESCE($2,v1)) AND\n                    (v2 is NULL OR v2 = COALESCE($3,v2)) AND\n                    (v3 is NULL OR v3 = COALESCE($4,v3)) AND\n                    (v4 is NULL OR v4 = COALESCE($5,v4)) AND\n                    (v5 is NULL OR v5 = COALESCE($6,v5))",
+  "describe": {
+    "columns": [],
+    "parameters": {
+      "Left": [
+        "Text",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar"
+      ]
+    },
+    "nullable": []
+  },
+  "hash": "4e7b82d256f7298564f46af6a45b89853785c32a5f83cb0b25609329c760428a"
+}
diff --git a/.sqlx/query-f130c22d14ee2a99b9220ac1a45226ba97993ede9988a4c57d58bd066500a119.json b/.sqlx/query-f130c22d14ee2a99b9220ac1a45226ba97993ede9988a4c57d58bd066500a119.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef54cdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.sqlx/query-f130c22d14ee2a99b9220ac1a45226ba97993ede9988a4c57d58bd066500a119.json
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+  "db_name": "PostgreSQL",
+  "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    (v0 is NULL OR v0 = COALESCE($2,v0)) AND\n                    (v1 is NULL OR v1 = COALESCE($3,v1)) AND\n                    (v2 is NULL OR v2 = COALESCE($4,v2)) AND\n                    (v3 is NULL OR v3 = COALESCE($5,v3)) AND\n                    (v4 is NULL OR v4 = COALESCE($6,v4)) AND\n                    (v5 is NULL OR v5 = COALESCE($7,v5))",
+  "describe": {
+    "columns": [],
+    "parameters": {
+      "Left": [
+        "Text",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar"
+      ]
+    },
+    "nullable": []
+  },
+  "hash": "f130c22d14ee2a99b9220ac1a45226ba97993ede9988a4c57d58bd066500a119"
+}
diff --git a/.sqlx/query-f8611a862ed1d3b982e8aa5ccab21e00c42a3fad8082cf15c2af88cd8388f41b.json b/.sqlx/query-f8611a862ed1d3b982e8aa5ccab21e00c42a3fad8082cf15c2af88cd8388f41b.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0daaa8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.sqlx/query-f8611a862ed1d3b982e8aa5ccab21e00c42a3fad8082cf15c2af88cd8388f41b.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "db_name": "PostgreSQL",
+  "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    (v2 is NULL OR v2 = COALESCE($2,v2)) AND\n                    (v3 is NULL OR v3 = COALESCE($3,v3)) AND\n                    (v4 is NULL OR v4 = COALESCE($4,v4)) AND\n                    (v5 is NULL OR v5 = COALESCE($5,v5))",
+  "describe": {
+    "columns": [],
+    "parameters": {
+      "Left": [
+        "Text",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar",
+        "Varchar"
+      ]
+    },
+    "nullable": []
+  },
+  "hash": "f8611a862ed1d3b982e8aa5ccab21e00c42a3fad8082cf15c2af88cd8388f41b"
+}
diff --git a/.sqlx/query-fa51ae7af271fc17c848694fbf1b37d46c5a2f4202e1b8dce1f66a65069beb0b.json b/.sqlx/query-fa51ae7af271fc17c848694fbf1b37d46c5a2f4202e1b8dce1f66a65069beb0b.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a5f7e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.sqlx/query-fa51ae7af271fc17c848694fbf1b37d46c5a2f4202e1b8dce1f66a65069beb0b.json
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+{
+  "db_name": "PostgreSQL",
+  "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    (v5 is NULL OR v5 = COALESCE($2,v5))",
+  "describe": {
+    "columns": [],
+    "parameters": {
+      "Left": [
+        "Text",
+        "Varchar"
+      ]
+    },
+    "nullable": []
+  },
+  "hash": "fa51ae7af271fc17c848694fbf1b37d46c5a2f4202e1b8dce1f66a65069beb0b"
+}
diff --git a/.sqlx/query-fb7ce69e70b345d2cf0ca017523c1b90b67b053add3d4cffb8d579bfc8f08345.json b/.sqlx/query-fb7ce69e70b345d2cf0ca017523c1b90b67b053add3d4cffb8d579bfc8f08345.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..897ae52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.sqlx/query-fb7ce69e70b345d2cf0ca017523c1b90b67b053add3d4cffb8d579bfc8f08345.json
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+{
+  "db_name": "PostgreSQL",
+  "query": "SELECT * from  casbin_rule WHERE (\n            ptype LIKE 'g%' AND v0 LIKE $1 AND v1 LIKE $2 AND v2 LIKE $3 AND v3 LIKE $4 AND v4 LIKE $5 AND v5 LIKE $6 )\n        OR (\n            ptype LIKE 'p%' AND v0 LIKE $7 AND v1 LIKE $8 AND v2 LIKE $9 AND v3 LIKE $10 AND v4 LIKE $11 AND v5 LIKE $12 );\n            ",
+  "describe": {
+    "columns": [
+      {
+        "ordinal": 0,
+        "name": "id",
+        "type_info": "Int4"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 1,
+        "name": "ptype",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 2,
+        "name": "v0",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 3,
+        "name": "v1",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 4,
+        "name": "v2",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 5,
+        "name": "v3",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 6,
+        "name": "v4",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      },
+      {
+        "ordinal": 7,
+        "name": "v5",
+        "type_info": "Varchar"
+      }
+    ],
+    "parameters": {
+      "Left": [
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text",
+        "Text"
+      ]
+    },
+    "nullable": [
+      false,
+      false,
+      false,
+      false,
+      false,
+      false,
+      false,
+      false
+    ]
+  },
+  "hash": "fb7ce69e70b345d2cf0ca017523c1b90b67b053add3d4cffb8d579bfc8f08345"
+}
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 9680a23..d51c634 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -9,16 +9,15 @@ homepage= "https://github.com/casbin-rs/sqlx-adapter"
 readme= "README.md"
 
 [dependencies]
-casbin = { version = "2.0.8", default-features = false }
-sqlx = { version = "0.6", default-features = false, features = [ "macros" ] }
+casbin = { version = "2.1.0", default-features = false }
+sqlx = { version = "0.7", default-features = false, features = [ "macros" ] }
 async-trait = "0.1.51"
 dotenv = { version = "0.15.0", default-features = false }
 tokio = { version = "1.10.0", default-features = false, optional = true }
 async-std = { version = "1.9.0", default-features = false, optional = true }
-actix-rt = { version = "2.2.0", default-features = false, optional = true }
 
 [features]
-default = ["postgres", "runtime-tokio-native-tls", "offline"]
+default = ["postgres", "runtime-tokio-native-tls"]
 
 #databases
 postgres = ["sqlx/postgres"]
@@ -32,17 +31,10 @@ runtime-async-std-rustls = ["casbin/runtime-async-std", "sqlx/runtime-async-std-
 # tokio
 runtime-tokio-native-tls = ["casbin/runtime-tokio", "sqlx/runtime-tokio-native-tls"]
 runtime-tokio-rustls = ["casbin/runtime-tokio", "sqlx/runtime-tokio-rustls"]
-# actix (actually based on tokio)
-runtime-actix-native-tls = ["casbin/runtime-tokio", "sqlx/runtime-actix-native-tls"]
-runtime-actix-rustls = ["casbin/runtime-tokio", "sqlx/runtime-actix-rustls"]
-
-#offline mode for sqlx
-offline = ["sqlx/offline"]
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 async-std = { version = "1.9.0", features = [ "attributes" ] }
 tokio = { version = "1.10.0", features = [ "full" ] }
-actix-rt = { version = "2.2.0" }
 
 [profile.release]
 codegen-units = 1
diff --git a/sqlx-data.json b/sqlx-data.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 4952883..0000000
--- a/sqlx-data.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,285 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "db": "PostgreSQL",
-  "1cabd2f674da323da9e0da724d3bcfe5f968b31500e8c8cf97fe16814bc04164": {
-    "describe": {
-      "columns": [],
-      "nullable": [],
-      "parameters": {
-        "Left": [
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    "query": "INSERT INTO casbin_rule ( ptype, v0, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5 )\n                 VALUES ( $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7 )"
-  },
-  "1f299262f01a2c9d2ee94079a12766573c91b2775a086c65bc9a5fdc91300bb0": {
-    "describe": {
-      "columns": [],
-      "nullable": [],
-      "parameters": {
-        "Left": [
-          "Text",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    (v3 is NULL OR v3 = COALESCE($2,v3)) AND\n                    (v4 is NULL OR v4 = COALESCE($3,v4)) AND\n                    (v5 is NULL OR v5 = COALESCE($4,v5))"
-  },
-  "24876462291b90324dfe3682e9f36247a328db780a48da47c9402e1d3ebd80c9": {
-    "describe": {
-      "columns": [],
-      "nullable": [],
-      "parameters": {
-        "Left": []
-      }
-    },
-    "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule"
-  },
-  "2872b56bbc5bed96b1a303bf9cf44610fb79a1b9330730c65953f0c1b88c2a53": {
-    "describe": {
-      "columns": [],
-      "nullable": [],
-      "parameters": {
-        "Left": [
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    v0 = $2 AND\n                    v1 = $3 AND\n                    v2 = $4 AND\n                    v3 = $5 AND\n                    v4 = $6 AND\n                    v5 = $7"
-  },
-  "3022cb733970ae5836ab3891367b209a7e1f0974242ecd0f55e5b0098152bad5": {
-    "describe": {
-      "columns": [
-        {
-          "name": "id",
-          "ordinal": 0,
-          "type_info": "Int4"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "ptype",
-          "ordinal": 1,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "v0",
-          "ordinal": 2,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "v1",
-          "ordinal": 3,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "v2",
-          "ordinal": 4,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "v3",
-          "ordinal": 5,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "v4",
-          "ordinal": 6,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "v5",
-          "ordinal": 7,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        }
-      ],
-      "nullable": [
-        false,
-        false,
-        false,
-        false,
-        false,
-        false,
-        false,
-        false
-      ],
-      "parameters": {
-        "Left": []
-      }
-    },
-    "query": "SELECT * FROM casbin_rule"
-  },
-  "438ee38e669be96e562d09d3bc5806b4c78b7aa2a9609c4eccb941c7dff7b107": {
-    "describe": {
-      "columns": [],
-      "nullable": [],
-      "parameters": {
-        "Left": []
-      }
-    },
-    "query": "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS casbin_rule (\n                    id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,\n                    ptype VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    v0 VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    v1 VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    v2 VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    v3 VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    v4 VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    v5 VARCHAR NOT NULL,\n                    CONSTRAINT unique_key_sqlx_adapter UNIQUE(ptype, v0, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5)\n                    );\n        "
-  },
-  "4acfe0086a593b08177791bb3b47cb75a999041a3eb6a8f8177bebfa3c30d56f": {
-    "describe": {
-      "columns": [],
-      "nullable": [],
-      "parameters": {
-        "Left": [
-          "Text",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    (v4 is NULL OR v4 = COALESCE($2,v4)) AND\n                    (v5 is NULL OR v5 = COALESCE($3,v5))"
-  },
-  "4e7b82d256f7298564f46af6a45b89853785c32a5f83cb0b25609329c760428a": {
-    "describe": {
-      "columns": [],
-      "nullable": [],
-      "parameters": {
-        "Left": [
-          "Text",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    (v1 is NULL OR v1 = COALESCE($2,v1)) AND\n                    (v2 is NULL OR v2 = COALESCE($3,v2)) AND\n                    (v3 is NULL OR v3 = COALESCE($4,v3)) AND\n                    (v4 is NULL OR v4 = COALESCE($5,v4)) AND\n                    (v5 is NULL OR v5 = COALESCE($6,v5))"
-  },
-  "f130c22d14ee2a99b9220ac1a45226ba97993ede9988a4c57d58bd066500a119": {
-    "describe": {
-      "columns": [],
-      "nullable": [],
-      "parameters": {
-        "Left": [
-          "Text",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    (v0 is NULL OR v0 = COALESCE($2,v0)) AND\n                    (v1 is NULL OR v1 = COALESCE($3,v1)) AND\n                    (v2 is NULL OR v2 = COALESCE($4,v2)) AND\n                    (v3 is NULL OR v3 = COALESCE($5,v3)) AND\n                    (v4 is NULL OR v4 = COALESCE($6,v4)) AND\n                    (v5 is NULL OR v5 = COALESCE($7,v5))"
-  },
-  "f8611a862ed1d3b982e8aa5ccab21e00c42a3fad8082cf15c2af88cd8388f41b": {
-    "describe": {
-      "columns": [],
-      "nullable": [],
-      "parameters": {
-        "Left": [
-          "Text",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar",
-          "Varchar"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    (v2 is NULL OR v2 = COALESCE($2,v2)) AND\n                    (v3 is NULL OR v3 = COALESCE($3,v3)) AND\n                    (v4 is NULL OR v4 = COALESCE($4,v4)) AND\n                    (v5 is NULL OR v5 = COALESCE($5,v5))"
-  },
-  "fa51ae7af271fc17c848694fbf1b37d46c5a2f4202e1b8dce1f66a65069beb0b": {
-    "describe": {
-      "columns": [],
-      "nullable": [],
-      "parameters": {
-        "Left": [
-          "Text",
-          "Varchar"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    "query": "DELETE FROM casbin_rule WHERE\n                    ptype = $1 AND\n                    (v5 is NULL OR v5 = COALESCE($2,v5))"
-  },
-  "fb7ce69e70b345d2cf0ca017523c1b90b67b053add3d4cffb8d579bfc8f08345": {
-    "describe": {
-      "columns": [
-        {
-          "name": "id",
-          "ordinal": 0,
-          "type_info": "Int4"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "ptype",
-          "ordinal": 1,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "v0",
-          "ordinal": 2,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "v1",
-          "ordinal": 3,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "v2",
-          "ordinal": 4,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "v3",
-          "ordinal": 5,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "v4",
-          "ordinal": 6,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "v5",
-          "ordinal": 7,
-          "type_info": "Varchar"
-        }
-      ],
-      "nullable": [
-        false,
-        false,
-        false,
-        false,
-        false,
-        false,
-        false,
-        false
-      ],
-      "parameters": {
-        "Left": [
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text",
-          "Text"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    "query": "SELECT * from  casbin_rule WHERE (\n            ptype LIKE 'g%' AND v0 LIKE $1 AND v1 LIKE $2 AND v2 LIKE $3 AND v3 LIKE $4 AND v4 LIKE $5 AND v5 LIKE $6 )\n        OR (\n            ptype LIKE 'p%' AND v0 LIKE $7 AND v1 LIKE $8 AND v2 LIKE $9 AND v3 LIKE $10 AND v4 LIKE $11 AND v5 LIKE $12 );\n            "
-  }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/actions.rs b/src/actions.rs
index b8c5319..3bfb8c6 100644
--- a/src/actions.rs
+++ b/src/actions.rs
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ pub async fn remove_policies(
             rule[4],
             rule[5]
         )
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .and_then(|n| {
             if PgQueryResult::rows_affected(&n) == 1 {
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ pub async fn remove_policies(
             rule[4],
             rule[5]
         )
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .and_then(|n| {
             if SqliteQueryResult::rows_affected(&n) == 1 {
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ pub async fn remove_policies(
             rule[4],
             rule[5]
         )
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .and_then(|n| {
             if MySqlQueryResult::rows_affected(&n) == 1 {
@@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn save_policy(
         .await
         .map_err(|err| CasbinError::from(AdapterError(Box::new(Error::SqlxError(err)))))?;
     sqlx::query!("DELETE FROM casbin_rule")
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .map_err(|err| CasbinError::from(AdapterError(Box::new(Error::SqlxError(err)))))?;
     for rule in rules {
@@ -732,7 +732,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn save_policy(
             rule.v4,
             rule.v5
         )
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .and_then(|n| {
             if PgQueryResult::rows_affected(&n) == 1 {
@@ -760,7 +760,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn save_policy(
         .await
         .map_err(|err| CasbinError::from(AdapterError(Box::new(Error::SqlxError(err)))))?;
     sqlx::query!("DELETE FROM casbin_rule")
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .map_err(|err| CasbinError::from(AdapterError(Box::new(Error::SqlxError(err)))))?;
     for rule in rules {
@@ -775,7 +775,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn save_policy(
             rule.v4,
             rule.v5
         )
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .and_then(|n| {
             if SqliteQueryResult::rows_affected(&n) == 1 {
@@ -803,7 +803,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn save_policy<'a>(
         .await
         .map_err(|err| CasbinError::from(AdapterError(Box::new(Error::SqlxError(err)))))?;
     sqlx::query!("DELETE FROM casbin_rule")
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .map_err(|err| CasbinError::from(AdapterError(Box::new(Error::SqlxError(err)))))?;
     for rule in rules {
@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn save_policy<'a>(
             rule.v4,
             rule.v5
         )
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .and_then(|n| {
             if MySqlQueryResult::rows_affected(&n) == 1 {
@@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn add_policies(
             rule.v4,
             rule.v5
         )
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .and_then(|n| {
             if PgQueryResult::rows_affected(&n) == 1 {
@@ -959,7 +959,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn add_policies(
             rule.v4,
             rule.v5
         )
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .and_then(|n| {
             if SqliteQueryResult::rows_affected(&n) == 1 {
@@ -998,7 +998,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn add_policies(
             rule.v4,
             rule.v5
         )
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .and_then(|n| {
             if MySqlQueryResult::rows_affected(&n) == 1 {
@@ -1023,7 +1023,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn clear_policy(conn: &ConnectionPool) -> Result<()> {
         .await
         .map_err(|err| CasbinError::from(AdapterError(Box::new(Error::SqlxError(err)))))?;
     sqlx::query!("DELETE FROM casbin_rule")
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .map_err(|err| CasbinError::from(AdapterError(Box::new(Error::SqlxError(err)))))?;
     transaction
@@ -1040,7 +1040,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn clear_policy(conn: &ConnectionPool) -> Result<()> {
         .await
         .map_err(|err| CasbinError::from(AdapterError(Box::new(Error::SqlxError(err)))))?;
     sqlx::query!("DELETE FROM casbin_rule")
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .map_err(|err| CasbinError::from(AdapterError(Box::new(Error::SqlxError(err)))))?;
     transaction
@@ -1057,7 +1057,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn clear_policy(conn: &ConnectionPool) -> Result<()> {
         .await
         .map_err(|err| CasbinError::from(AdapterError(Box::new(Error::SqlxError(err)))))?;
     sqlx::query!("DELETE FROM casbin_rule")
-        .execute(&mut transaction)
+        .execute(&mut *transaction)
         .await
         .map_err(|err| CasbinError::from(AdapterError(Box::new(Error::SqlxError(err)))))?;
     transaction
diff --git a/src/adapter.rs b/src/adapter.rs
index d8ead51..81587d0 100644
--- a/src/adapter.rs
+++ b/src/adapter.rs
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ impl<'a> SqlxAdapter {
 
 #[async_trait]
 impl Adapter for SqlxAdapter {
-    async fn load_policy(&self, m: &mut dyn Model) -> Result<()> {
+    async fn load_policy(&mut self, m: &mut dyn Model) -> Result<()> {
         let rules = adapter::load_policy(&self.pool).await?;
 
         for casbin_rule in &rules {
@@ -286,10 +286,6 @@ mod tests {
         any(feature = "runtime-tokio-native-tls", feature = "runtime-tokio-rustls"),
         tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")
     )]
-    #[cfg_attr(
-        any(feature = "runtime-actix-native-tls", feature = "runtime-actix-rustls"),
-        actix_rt::test
-    )]
     async fn test_create() {
         use casbin::prelude::*;
 
@@ -332,10 +328,6 @@ mod tests {
         any(feature = "runtime-tokio-native-tls", feature = "runtime-tokio-rustls"),
         tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")
     )]
-    #[cfg_attr(
-        any(feature = "runtime-actix-native-tls", feature = "runtime-actix-rustls"),
-        actix_rt::test
-    )]
     async fn test_create_with_pool() {
         use casbin::prelude::*;
 
@@ -387,10 +379,6 @@ mod tests {
         any(feature = "runtime-tokio-native-tls", feature = "runtime-tokio-rustls"),
         tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")
     )]
-    #[cfg_attr(
-        any(feature = "runtime-actix-native-tls", feature = "runtime-actix-rustls"),
-        actix_rt::test
-    )]
     async fn test_adapter() {
         use casbin::prelude::*;