diff --git a/pyxform/survey.py b/pyxform/survey.py
index b31bd1bbb..56e2cf58b 100644
--- a/pyxform/survey.py
+++ b/pyxform/survey.py
@@ -561,21 +561,26 @@ def _add_empty_translations(self, warnings=None):
                 for content_type in content_types:
                     if content_type not in self._translations[lang][path]:
                         missing_warning = self._generate_missing_translation_warning(
-                            lang)
+                            lang
+                        )
                         if missing_warning not in warnings:
                             warnings.append(missing_warning)
                         self._translations[lang][path][content_type] = u"-"
 
     def _generate_missing_translation_warning(self, lang):
-        if lang == 'default':
-            return ('\tDefault language not set,'
-                    + ' with missing default translations.'
-                    ' Please consider setting a `default_language` in your'
-                    + ' settings tab to insure questions and options appear'
-                    + ' as expected.')
-
-        return ('\tMissing field translations found for ' + lang
-                + ' field may not appear as expected')
+        if lang == "default":
+            return (
+                "\tDefault language not set," + " with missing default translations."
+                " Please consider setting a `default_language` in your"
+                + " settings tab to insure questions and options appear"
+                + " as expected."
+            )
+
+        return (
+            "\tMissing field translations found for "
+            + lang
+            + " field may not appear as expected"
+        )
 
     def _setup_media(self):
         """
diff --git a/pyxform/tests_v1/test_language_warnings.py b/pyxform/tests_v1/test_language_warnings.py
index d1050d02b..6e76582ce 100644
--- a/pyxform/tests_v1/test_language_warnings.py
+++ b/pyxform/tests_v1/test_language_warnings.py
@@ -67,19 +67,23 @@ def test_label_with_unknown_subtag_should_warn(self):
 
         self.assertTrue(len(warnings) == 1)
         self.assertTrue(
-            'do not contain valid machine-readable codes: English (schm). Learn more' in warnings[0])
+            "do not contain valid machine-readable codes: English (schm). Learn more"
+            in warnings[0]
+        )
         os.unlink(tmp.name)
 
     def test_missing_translation_no_default_lang_media_has_no_language(self):
         # form should test media tag w NO default language set.
-        survey = self.md_to_pyxform_survey("""
+        survey = self.md_to_pyxform_survey(
+            """
             | survey  |                 |         |                     |             |
             |         | type            | name    | label::English (en) | media::image|
             |         | integer         | nums    | How many nums?      | opt1.jpg    |
-        """)
+        """
+        )
 
         warnings = []
-        tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.xml', delete=False)
+        tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".xml", delete=False)
         tmp.close()
         survey.print_xform_to_file(tmp.name, warnings=warnings)
 
@@ -89,14 +93,16 @@ def test_missing_translation_no_default_lang_media_has_no_language(self):
         os.unlink(tmp.name)
 
     def test_missing_translation_media(self):
-        survey = self.md_to_pyxform_survey("""
+        survey = self.md_to_pyxform_survey(
+            """
             | survey  |                 |         |                     |                    |                          |
             |         | type            | name    | label::English (en) | label::French (fr) | media::image::French (fr)|
             |         | integer         | nums    | How many nums?      | Combien noms?      | opt1.jpg                 |
-        """)
+        """
+        )
 
         warnings = []
-        tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.xml', delete=False)
+        tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".xml", delete=False)
         tmp.close()
         survey.print_xform_to_file(tmp.name, warnings=warnings)
 
@@ -106,14 +112,16 @@ def test_missing_translation_media(self):
         os.unlink(tmp.name)
 
     def test_missing_translation_hint(self):
-        survey = self.md_to_pyxform_survey("""
+        survey = self.md_to_pyxform_survey(
+            """
             | survey  |                 |         |                     |                    |                   |
             |         | type            | name    | label::English (en) | label::French (fr) | hint::French (fr) |
             |         | integer         | nums    | How many nums?      | Combien noms?      | noms est nombres  |
-        """)
+        """
+        )
 
         warnings = []
-        tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.xml', delete=False)
+        tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".xml", delete=False)
         tmp.close()
         survey.print_xform_to_file(tmp.name, warnings=warnings)
 
@@ -123,7 +131,8 @@ def test_missing_translation_hint(self):
         os.unlink(tmp.name)
 
     def test_default_language_only_should_not_warn(self):
-        survey = self.md_to_pyxform_survey("""
+        survey = self.md_to_pyxform_survey(
+            """
             | survey |                 |         |        |               |
             |        | type            | name    | label  | choice_filter |
             |        | select_one opts | opt     | My opt | fake = 1      |
@@ -131,7 +140,8 @@ def test_default_language_only_should_not_warn(self):
             |        | list_name       | name    | label  | fake          |
             |        | opts            | opt1    | Opt1   | 1             |
             |        | opts            | opt2    | Opt2   | 1             |
-        """)
+        """
+        )
 
         warnings = []
         tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".xml", delete=False)