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radiation_clouds.F
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!> \file radiation_clouds.f
!! This file contains routines to compute cloud related quantities
!! for radiation computations.
! module_radiation_clouds description !!!!!
! ========================================================== !!!!!
! !
! the 'radiation_clouds.f' contains: !
! !
! 'module_radiation_clouds' --- compute cloud related quantities!
! for radiation computations !
! !
! the following are the externally accessable subroutines: !
! !
! 'cld_init' --- initialization routine !
! inputs: !
! ( si, NLAY, me ) !
! outputs: !
! ( none ) !
! !
! 'progcld1' --- zhao/moorthi prognostic cloud scheme !
! inputs: !
! (plyr,plvl,tlyr,tvly,qlyr,qstl,rhly,clw, !
! xlat,xlon,slmsk, !
! IX, NLAY, NLP1, !
! outputs: !
! clouds,clds,mtop,mbot) !
! !
! 'progcld2' --- ferrier prognostic cloud microphysics !
! inputs: !
! (plyr,plvl,tlyr,tvly,qlyr,qstl,rhly,clw, !
! xlat,xlon,slmsk, f_ice,f_rain,r_rime,flgmin, !
! IX, NLAY, NLP1, !
! outputs: !
! clouds,clds,mtop,mbot) !
! !
! 'progcld3' --- zhao/moorthi prognostic cloud + pdfcld!
! inputs: !
! (plyr,plvl,tlyr,tvly,qlyr,qstl,rhly,clw, cnvw,cnvc, !
! xlat,xlon,slmsk, !
! ix, nlay, nlp1, !
! deltaq,sup,kdt,me, !
! outputs: !
! clouds,clds,mtop,mbot)
! !
! 'progclduni' --- for unified clouds with MG microphys!
! inputs: !
! (plyr,plvl,tlyr,tvly,clw,ciw, !
! xlat,xlon,slmsk, !
! IX, NLAY, NLP1, !
! outputs: !
! clouds,clds,mtop,mbot) !
! !
! 'diagcld1' --- diagnostic cloud calc routine !
! inputs: !
! (plyr,plvl,tlyr,rhly,vvel,cv,cvt,cvb, !
! xlat,xlon,slmsk, !
! IX, NLAY, NLP1, !
! outputs: !
! clouds,clds,mtop,mbot) !
! !
! internal accessable only subroutines: !
! 'gethml' --- get diagnostic hi, mid, low clouds !
! !
! 'rhtable' --- rh lookup table for diag cloud scheme !
! !
! !
! cloud array description: !
! --- for prognostic cloud: icldflg=1 --- !
! clouds(:,:,1) - layer total cloud fraction !
! clouds(:,:,2) - layer cloud liq water path !
! clouds(:,:,3) - mean effective radius for liquid cloud !
! clouds(:,:,4) - layer cloud ice water path !
! clouds(:,:,5) - mean effective radius for ice cloud !
! clouds(:,:,6) - layer rain drop water path !
! clouds(:,:,7) - mean effective radius for rain drop !
! ** clouds(:,:,8) - layer snow flake water path !
! clouds(:,:,9) - mean effective radius for snow flake !
! ** fu's scheme need to be normalized by snow density (g/m**3/1.0e6)!
! --- for diagnostic cloud: icldflg=0 --- !
! clouds(:,:,1) - layer total cloud fraction !
! clouds(:,:,2) - layer cloud optical depth !
! clouds(:,:,3) - layer cloud single scattering albedo !
! clouds(:,:,4) - layer cloud asymmetry factor !
! !
! external modules referenced: !
! !
! 'module physparam' in 'physparam.f' !
! 'module physcons' in 'physcons.f' !
! 'module module_microphysics' in 'module_bfmicrophysics.f' !
! !
! !
! program history log: !
! nov 1992, y.h., k.a.c, a.k. - cloud parameterization !
! 'cldjms' patterned after slingo and slingo's work (jgr, !
! 1992), stratiform clouds are allowed in any layer except !
! the surface and upper stratosphere. the relative humidity !
! criterion may cery in different model layers. !
! mar 1993, kenneth campana - created original crhtab tables !
! for critical rh look up references.
! feb 1994, kenneth campana - modified to use only one table !
! for all forecast hours. !
! oct 1995, kenneth campana - tuned cloud rh curves !
! rh-cld relation from tables created using mitchell-hahn !
! tuning technique on airforce rtneph observations. !
! nov 1995, kenneth campana - the bl relationships used !
! below llyr, except in marine stratus regions. !
! apr 1996, kenneth campana - save bl cld amt in cld(,5) !
! aug 1997, kenneth campana - smooth out last bunch of bins !
! of the rh look up tables !
! dec 1998, s. moorthi - added prognostic cloud method !
! apr 2003, yu-tai hou - rewritten in frotran 90 !
! modulized form 'module_rad_clouds' from combining the original!
! subroutines 'cldjms', 'cldprp', and 'gcljms'. and seperated !
! prognostic and diagnostic methods into two packages. !
! --- 2003, s. moorthi - adapted b. ferrier's prognostic !
! cloud scheme to ncep gfs model as additional option. !
! apr 2004, yu-tai hou - separated calculation of the !
! averaged h,m,l,bl cloud amounts from each of the cld schemes !
! to become an shared individule subprogram 'gethml'. !
! may 2004, yu-tai hou - rewritten ferrier's scheme as a !
! separated program 'progcld2' in the cloud module. !
! apr 2005, yu-tai hou - modified cloud array and module !
! structures. !
! dec 2008, yu-tai hou - changed low-cld calculation, !
! now cantains clds from sfc layer and upward to the low/mid !
! boundary (include bl-cld). h,m,l clds domain boundaries are !
! adjusted for better agreement with observations. !
! jan 2011, yu-tai hou - changed virtual temperature !
! as input variable instead of originally computed inside the !
! two prognostic cld schemes 'progcld1' and 'progcld2'. !
! aug 2012, yu-tai hou - modified subroutine cld_init !
! to pass all fixed control variables at the start. and set !
! their correponding internal module variables to be used by !
! module subroutines. !
! nov 2012, yu-tai hou - modified control parameters !
! thru module 'physparam'. !
! apr 2013, h.lin/y.hou - corrected error in calculating !
! llyr for different vertical indexing directions. !
! jul 2013, r. sun/h. pan - modified to use pdf cloud and !
! convective cloud cover and water for radiation !
! !
! jul 2014 s. moorthi - merging with gfs version !
! !
!!!!! ========================================================== !!!!!
!!!!! end descriptions !!!!!
!!!!! ========================================================== !!!!!
!> \ingroup rad
!! \defgroup module_radiation_clouds module_radiation_clouds
!! @{
!> This module computes cloud related quantities for radiation
!! computations.
!!
!! Knowledge of cloud properties and their vertical structure is
!! important for meteorological studies due to their impact on both the
!! Earth's radiation budget and adiabatic heating within the atmosphere.
!! Cloud properties in the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric
!! Administration National Centers for Environmental Prediction Global
!! Forecast System (GFS) include (i) cloud liquid/ice water path; (ii)
!! the fraction of clouds; (iii) effective radius of water/ice droplet:
!!\version NCEP-Radiation_clouds v5.1 Nov 2012
!!
!! This module has three externally accessible subroutines:
!! - cld_init() --- initialization routine
!! - progcld1() --- zhao/moorthi prognostic cloud scheme
!! - progcld2() --- ferrier prognostic cloud microphysics
!! - progcld3() --- zhao/moorthi prognostic cloud + pdfcld
!! - diagcld1() --- diagnostic cloud calculation routine
!!
!! and two internally accessable only subroutines:
!! - gethml() --- get diagnostic hi, mid, low,total,BL clouds
!! - rhtable() --- rh lookup table for diag cloud scheme
!!
!> \section gen_al General Algorithm
!! @{
!! -# Cloud Liquid/Ice Water Path (LWP,IWP)
!!\n We define the fraction of liquid and ice cloud as:
!!\n Fraction of ice cloud (F): \f$F=(273.16K-T)/20\f$
!!\n LWP = total cloud condensate path X (1-F)
!!\n IWP = total clod condensate path X F
!!
!! -# GFS Cloud Fraction
!! \n The cloud fraction in a given grid box of the GFS model is
!! computed using the parameterization scheme of Xu and Randall(1996)
!! \cite xu_and_randall_1996 :
!! \f[
!! \sigma =RH^{k_{1}}\left[1-exp\left(-\frac{k_{2}q_{l}}{\left[\left(1-RH\right)q_{s}\right]^{k_{3}}}\right)\right]
!! \f]
!! Where \f$RH\f$ is relative humidity, \f$q_{l}\f$ is the cloud
!! condensate, \f$q_{s}\f$ is saturation specific humidity,
!! \f$k_{1}(=0.25)\f$, \f$k_{2}(=100)\f$, \f$k_{3}(=0.49)\f$ are the
!! empirical parameters. The cloud condensate is partitioned into
!! cloud water and ice in radiation based on temperature. Cloud drop
!! effective radius ranges 5-10 microns over land depending on
!! temperature. Ice crystal radius is function of ice water content
!! (Heymsfield and McFarquhar (1996) \cite heymsfield_and_mcfarquhar_1996).
!! Maximum-randomly cloud overlapping is used in both long-wave
!! radiation and short-wave radiation. Convective clouds are not
!! considered in radiation.
!!\n
!! -# The parameterization of effective radius of water/ice droplet
!! (\f$r_{e}\f$)
!>\n Two methods has been used to parameterize cloud properties in the
!! GFS model. The first method makes use of a diagnostic cloud scheme,
!! in which cloud properties are determined based on model-predicted
!! temperature, pressure, and boundary layer circulation from
!! Harshvardhan et al. (1989) \cite harshvardhan_et_al_1989 . The
!! diagnostic scheme is now replaced with a prognostic scheme that uses
!! cloud condensate information instead (NCEP Office Note 441).
!! \n For the parameterization of effective radius,\f$r_{ew}\f$, of
!! water droplet, we fix \f$r_{ew}\f$ to a value of \f$10\mu m\f$ over
!! the oceans. Over the land, \f$\f$ is defined as:
!!\f[
!! r_{ew} = 5+5\times F
!!\f]
!! Thus, the effective radius of cloud water droplets will reach to a
!! minimum values of \f$5\mu m\f$ when F=0, and to a maximum value of
!! \f$10\mu m\f$ when the ice fraction is increasing.
!! \n For ice clouds, following Heymsfield and McFarquhar (1996)
!! \cite heymsfield_and_mcfarquhar_1996,
!! we have made the effective ice droplet radius to be an empirical
!! function of ice water concentration (IWC) and environmental temperature as:
!! \f[
!! r_{ei}=\begin{cases}(1250/9.917)IWC^{0.109} & T <-50^0C \\(1250/9.337)IWC^{0.080} & -50^0C \leq T<-40^0C\\(1250/9.208)IWC^{0.055} & -40^0C\leq T <-30^0C\\(1250/9.387)IWC^{0.031} & -30^0C \leq T\end{cases}
!! \f]
!! where IWC and IWP satisfy:
!! \f[
!! IWP_{\triangle Z}=\int_{\triangle Z} IWCdZ
!! \f]
!! @}
!========================================!
module module_radiation_clouds !
!........................................!
!
use physparam, only : icldflg, icmphys, iovrsw, iovrlw, &
& lcrick, lcnorm, lnoprec, &
& ivflip, kind_phys, kind_io4
use physcons, only : con_fvirt, con_ttp, con_rocp, &
& con_t0c, con_pi, con_g, con_rd, &
& con_thgni
use module_microphysics, only : rsipath2
use module_iounitdef, only : NICLTUN
!
implicit none
!
private
! --- version tag and last revision date
character(40), parameter :: &
& VTAGCLD='NCEP-Radiation_clouds v5.1 Nov 2012 '
! & VTAGCLD='NCEP-Radiation_clouds v5.0 Aug 2012 '
! --- set constant parameters
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: gfac=1.0e5/con_g &
&, gord=con_g/con_rd
!> number of fields in cloud array
integer, parameter, public :: NF_CLDS = 11
!> number of cloud vertical domains
integer, parameter, public :: NK_CLDS = 3
!> pressure limits of cloud domain interfaces (low,mid,high) in mb (0.1kPa)
real (kind=kind_phys), save :: ptopc(NK_CLDS+1,2)
!org data ptopc / 1050., 642., 350., 0.0, 1050., 750., 500., 0.0 /
data ptopc / 1050., 650., 400., 0.0, 1050., 750., 500., 0.0 /
! real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: climit = 0.01
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: climit = 0.001, climit2=0.05
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: ovcst = 1.0 - 1.0e-8
!> default liq radius to 10 micron
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: reliq_def = 10.0
!> default ice radius to 50 micron
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: reice_def = 50.0
!> default rain radius to 1000 micron
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: rrain_def = 1000.0
!> default snow radius to 250 micron
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: rsnow_def = 250.0
!> rh in one percent interval
integer, parameter :: NBIN=100
!> =1,2 for eastern and western hemispheres
integer, parameter :: NLON=2
!> =1,4 for 60n-30n,30n-equ,equ-30s,30s-60s
integer, parameter :: NLAT=4
!> =1,4 for bl,low,mid,hi cld type
integer, parameter :: MCLD=4
!> =1,2 for land,sea
integer, parameter :: NSEAL=2
!> default cld single scat albedo
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: cldssa_def = 0.99
!> default cld asymmetry factor
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: cldasy_def = 0.84
! --- xlabdy: lat bndry between tuning regions, +/- xlim for transition
! xlobdy: lon bndry between tuning regions
!> lat bndry between tuning regions
real (kind=kind_phys) :: xlabdy(3)
!> lon bndry between tuning regions
real (kind=kind_phys) :: xlobdy(3)
!> +/- xlim for transition
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: xlim=5.0
data xlabdy / 30.0, 0.0, -30.0 /, xlobdy / 0.0, 180., 360. /
!> low cloud vertical velocity adjustment boundaries in mb/sec
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: vvcld1= 0.0003e0
!> low cloud vertical velocity adjustment boundaries in mb/sec
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: vvcld2=-0.0005e0
! --- those data will be set up by "cld_init"
! rhcl : tuned rh relation table for diagnostic cloud scheme
!> tuned relative humidity relation table for diagnostic cloud scheme
real (kind=kind_phys) :: rhcl(NBIN,NLON,NLAT,MCLD,NSEAL)
!> upper limit of boundary layer clouds
integer :: llyr = 2
!> maximum-random cloud overlapping method
integer :: iovr = 1
public progcld1, progcld2, progcld3, progcld4, progcld5, &
& progcld6, progclduni, diagcld1, cld_init
! =================
contains
! =================
!> This subroutine is an initialization program for cloud-radiation
!! calculations and sets up boundary layer cloud top.
!!\param si model vertical sigma layer interface
!!\param NLAY vertical layer number
!!\param me print control flag
!!\section gen_cld_init General Algorithm
!> @{
!-----------------------------------
subroutine cld_init &
& ( si, NLAY, me ) ! --- inputs
! --- outputs:
! ( none )
! =================================================================== !
! !
! abstract: cld_init is an initialization program for cloud-radiation !
! calculations. it sets up boundary layer cloud top. !
! !
! !
! inputs: !
! si (L+1) : model vertical sigma layer interface !
! NLAY : vertical layer number !
! me : print control flag !
! !
! outputs: (none) !
! to module variables !
! !
! external module variables: (in physparam) !
! icldflg : cloud optical property scheme control flag !
! =0: model use diagnostic cloud method !
! =1: model use prognostic cloud method !
! icmphys : cloud microphysics scheme control flag !
! =1: zhao/carr/sundqvist microphysics cloud !
! =3: zhao/carr/sundqvist microphysics cloud +pdfcld!
! iovrsw/iovrlw : sw/lw control flag for cloud overlapping scheme !
! =0: random overlapping clouds !
! =1: max/ran overlapping clouds !
! ivflip : control flag for direction of vertical index !
! =0: index from toa to surface !
! =1: index from surface to toa !
! usage: call cld_init !
! !
! subroutines called: rhtable !
! !
! =================================================================== !
!
implicit none
! --- inputs:
integer, intent(in) :: NLAY, me
real (kind=kind_phys), intent(in) :: si(:)
! --- outputs: (none)
! --- locals:
integer :: k, kl, ier
!
!===> ... begin here
!
! --- set up module variables
iovr = max( iovrsw, iovrlw ) !cld ovlp used for diag HML cld output
if (me == 0) print *, VTAGCLD !print out version tag
if ( icldflg == 0 ) then
if (me == 0) print *,' - Using Diagnostic Cloud Method'
!> -# Call rhtable() to set up tuned relative humidity table.
call rhtable( me, ier )
if (ier < 0) then
write(6,99) ier
99 format(3x,' *** Error in finding tuned RH table ***' &
&, /3x,' STOP at calling subroutine RHTABLE !!'/)
stop 99
endif
else
if (me == 0) then
print *,' - Using Prognostic Cloud Method'
if (icmphys == 1) then
print *,' --- Zhao/Carr/Sundqvist microphysics'
elseif (icmphys == 3) then
print *,' --- zhao/carr/sundqvist + pdf cloud'
elseif (icmphys == 4) then
print *,' --- GFDL Lin cloud microphysics'
elseif (icmphys == 5) then
print *,' --- GFDL Lin cloud microphysics + pdf cloud'
else
print *,' !!! ERROR in cloud microphysc specification!!!', &
& ' icmphys (NP3D) =',icmphys
stop
endif
endif
endif
!> -# Compute the top of BL cld (llyr), which is the topmost non
!! cld(low) layer for stratiform (at or above lowest 0.1 of the
!! atmosphere).
if ( ivflip == 0 ) then ! data from toa to sfc
lab_do_k0 : do k = NLAY, 2, -1
kl = k
if (si(k) < 0.9e0) exit lab_do_k0
enddo lab_do_k0
llyr = kl
else ! data from sfc to top
lab_do_k1 : do k = 2, NLAY
kl = k
if (si(k) < 0.9e0) exit lab_do_k1
enddo lab_do_k1
llyr = kl - 1
endif ! end_if_ivflip
!
return
!...................................
end subroutine cld_init
!-----------------------------------
!> @}
!> This subroutine computes cloud related quantities using
!! zhao/moorthi's prognostic cloud microphysics scheme.
!!\param plyr (IX,NLAY), model layer mean pressure in mb (100Pa)
!!\param plvl (IX,NLP1), model level pressure in mb (100Pa)
!!\param tlyr (IX,NLAY), model layer mean temperature in K
!!\param tvly (IX,NLAY), model layer virtual temperature in K
!!\param qlyr (IX,NLAY), layer specific humidity in gm/gm
!!\param qstl (IX,NLAY), layer saturate humidity in gm/gm
!!\param rhly (IX,NLAY), layer relative humidity \f$ (=qlyr/qstl) \f$
!!\param clw (IX,NLAY), layer cloud condensate amount
!!\param xlat (IX), grid latitude in radians, default to pi/2 ->
!! -pi/2 range, otherwise see in-line comment
!!\param xlon (IX), grid longitude in radians (not used)
!!\param slmsk (IX), sea/land mask array (sea:0,land:1,sea-ice:2)
!!\param IX horizontal dimention
!!\param NLAY,NLP1 vertical layer/level dimensions
!!\param clouds (IX,NLAY,NF_CLDS), cloud profiles
!!\n (:,:,1) - layer total cloud fraction
!!\n (:,:,2) - layer cloud liq water path \f$(g/m^2)\f$
!!\n (:,:,3) - mean eff radius for liq cloud (micron)
!!\n (:,:,4) - layer cloud ice water path \f$(g/m^2)\f$
!!\n (:,:,5) - mean eff radius for ice cloud (micron)
!!\n (:,:,6) - layer rain drop water path (not assigned)
!!\n (:,:,7) - mean eff radius for rain drop (micron)
!!\n (:,:,8) - layer snow flake water path (not assigned)
!!\n (:,:,9) - mean eff radius for snow flake (micron)
!!\n *** fu's scheme need to be normalized by snow density \f$ (g/m^3/1.0e6)\f$
!!\param clds (IX,5), fraction of clouds for low, mid, hi, tot, bl
!!\param mtop (IX,3), vertical indices for low, mid, hi cloud tops
!!\param mbot (IX,3), vertical indices for low, mid, hi cloud bases
!>\section gen_progcld1 General Algorithm
!> @{
!-----------------------------------
subroutine progcld1 &
& ( plyr,plvl,tlyr,tvly,qlyr,qstl,rhly,clw, & ! --- inputs:
& xlat,xlon,slmsk, IX, NLAY, NLP1, &
& uni_cld, lmfshal, lmfdeep2, cldcov, &
& clouds,clds,mtop,mbot & ! --- outputs:
& )
! ================= subprogram documentation block ================ !
! !
! subprogram: progcld1 computes cloud related quantities using !
! zhao/moorthi's prognostic cloud microphysics scheme. !
! !
! abstract: this program computes cloud fractions from cloud !
! condensates, calculates liquid/ice cloud droplet effective radius, !
! and computes the low, mid, high, total and boundary layer cloud !
! fractions and the vertical indices of low, mid, and high cloud !
! top and base. the three vertical cloud domains are set up in the !
! initial subroutine "cld_init". !
! !
! usage: call progcld1 !
! !
! subprograms called: gethml !
! !
! attributes: !
! language: fortran 90 !
! machine: ibm-sp, sgi !
! !
! !
! ==================== definition of variables ==================== !
! !
! input variables: !
! plyr (IX,NLAY) : model layer mean pressure in mb (100Pa) !
! plvl (IX,NLP1) : model level pressure in mb (100Pa) !
! tlyr (IX,NLAY) : model layer mean temperature in k !
! tvly (IX,NLAY) : model layer virtual temperature in k !
! qlyr (IX,NLAY) : layer specific humidity in gm/gm !
! qstl (IX,NLAY) : layer saturate humidity in gm/gm !
! rhly (IX,NLAY) : layer relative humidity (=qlyr/qstl) !
! clw (IX,NLAY) : layer cloud condensate amount !
! xlat (IX) : grid latitude in radians, default to pi/2 -> -pi/2!
! range, otherwise see in-line comment !
! xlon (IX) : grid longitude in radians (not used) !
! slmsk (IX) : sea/land mask array (sea:0,land:1,sea-ice:2) !
! IX : horizontal dimention !
! NLAY,NLP1 : vertical layer/level dimensions !
! uni_cld : logical - true for cloud fraction from shoc !
! lmfshal : logical - true for mass flux shallow convection !
! lmfdeep2 : logical - true for mass flux deep convection !
! cldcov : layer cloud fraction (used when uni_cld=.true. !
! !
! output variables: !
! clouds(IX,NLAY,NF_CLDS) : cloud profiles !
! clouds(:,:,1) - layer total cloud fraction !
! clouds(:,:,2) - layer cloud liq water path (g/m**2) !
! clouds(:,:,3) - mean eff radius for liq cloud (micron) !
! clouds(:,:,4) - layer cloud ice water path (g/m**2) !
! clouds(:,:,5) - mean eff radius for ice cloud (micron) !
! clouds(:,:,6) - layer rain drop water path not assigned !
! clouds(:,:,7) - mean eff radius for rain drop (micron) !
! *** clouds(:,:,8) - layer snow flake water path not assigned !
! clouds(:,:,9) - mean eff radius for snow flake (micron) !
! *** fu's scheme need to be normalized by snow density (g/m**3/1.0e6) !
! clds (IX,5) : fraction of clouds for low, mid, hi, tot, bl !
! mtop (IX,3) : vertical indices for low, mid, hi cloud tops !
! mbot (IX,3) : vertical indices for low, mid, hi cloud bases !
! !
! module variables: !
! ivflip : control flag of vertical index direction !
! =0: index from toa to surface !
! =1: index from surface to toa !
! lmfshal : mass-flux shallow conv scheme flag !
! lmfdeep2 : scale-aware mass-flux deep conv scheme flag !
! lcrick : control flag for eliminating CRICK !
! =t: apply layer smoothing to eliminate CRICK !
! =f: do not apply layer smoothing !
! lcnorm : control flag for in-cld condensate !
! =t: normalize cloud condensate !
! =f: not normalize cloud condensate !
! !
! ==================== end of description ===================== !
!
implicit none
! --- inputs
integer, intent(in) :: IX, NLAY, NLP1
logical, intent(in) :: uni_cld, lmfshal, lmfdeep2
real (kind=kind_phys), dimension(:,:), intent(in) :: plvl, plyr, &
& tlyr, tvly, qlyr, qstl, rhly, clw, cldcov
real (kind=kind_phys), dimension(:), intent(in) :: xlat, xlon, &
& slmsk
! --- outputs
real (kind=kind_phys), dimension(:,:,:), intent(out) :: clouds
real (kind=kind_phys), dimension(:,:), intent(out) :: clds
integer, dimension(:,:), intent(out) :: mtop,mbot
! --- local variables:
real (kind=kind_phys), dimension(IX,NLAY) :: cldtot, cldcnv, &
& cwp, cip, crp, csp, rew, rei, res, rer, delp, tem2d, clwf
real (kind=kind_phys) :: ptop1(IX,NK_CLDS+1)
real (kind=kind_phys) :: clwmin, clwm, clwt, onemrh, value, &
& tem1, tem2, tem3
integer :: i, k, id, nf
! --- constant values
! real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: xrc3 = 200.
real (kind=kind_phys), parameter :: xrc3 = 100.
!
!===> ... begin here
!
do nf=1,nf_clds
do k=1,nlay
do i=1,ix
clouds(i,k,nf) = 0.0
enddo
enddo
enddo
! clouds(:,:,:) = 0.0
do k = 1, NLAY
do i = 1, IX
cldtot(i,k) = 0.0
cldcnv(i,k) = 0.0
cwp (i,k) = 0.0
cip (i,k) = 0.0
crp (i,k) = 0.0
csp (i,k) = 0.0
rew (i,k) = reliq_def ! default liq radius to 10 micron
rei (i,k) = reice_def ! default ice radius to 50 micron
rer (i,k) = rrain_def ! default rain radius to 1000 micron
res (i,k) = rsnow_def ! default snow radius to 250 micron
tem2d (i,k) = min( 1.0, max( 0.0, (con_ttp-tlyr(i,k))*0.05 ) )
clwf(i,k) = 0.0
enddo
enddo
!
if ( lcrick ) then
do i = 1, IX
clwf(i,1) = 0.75*clw(i,1) + 0.25*clw(i,2)
clwf(i,nlay) = 0.75*clw(i,nlay) + 0.25*clw(i,nlay-1)
enddo
do k = 2, NLAY-1
do i = 1, IX
clwf(i,K) = 0.25*clw(i,k-1) + 0.5*clw(i,k) + 0.25*clw(i,k+1)
enddo
enddo
else
do k = 1, NLAY
do i = 1, IX
clwf(i,k) = clw(i,k)
enddo
enddo
endif
!> -# Find top pressure for each cloud domain for given latitude.
! ptopc(k,i): top presure of each cld domain (k=1-4 are sfc,L,m,h;
! --- i=1,2 are low-lat (<45 degree) and pole regions)
do id = 1, 4
tem1 = ptopc(id,2) - ptopc(id,1)
do i =1, IX
tem2 = xlat(i) / con_pi ! if xlat in pi/2 -> -pi/2 range
! tem2 = 0.5 - xlat(i)/con_pi ! if xlat in 0 -> pi range
ptop1(i,id) = ptopc(id,1) + tem1*max( 0.0, 4.0*abs(tem2)-1.0 )
enddo
enddo
!> -# Compute cloud liquid/ice condensate path in \f$ g/m^2 \f$ .
if ( ivflip == 0 ) then ! input data from toa to sfc
do k = 1, NLAY
do i = 1, IX
delp(i,k) = plvl(i,k+1) - plvl(i,k)
clwt = max(0.0, clwf(i,k)) * gfac * delp(i,k)
cip(i,k) = clwt * tem2d(i,k)
cwp(i,k) = clwt - cip(i,k)
enddo
enddo
else ! input data from sfc to toa
do k = 1, NLAY
do i = 1, IX
delp(i,k) = plvl(i,k) - plvl(i,k+1)
clwt = max(0.0, clwf(i,k)) * gfac * delp(i,k)
cip(i,k) = clwt * tem2d(i,k)
cwp(i,k) = clwt - cip(i,k)
enddo
enddo
endif ! end_if_ivflip
!> -# Compute effective liquid cloud droplet radius over land.
do i = 1, IX
if (nint(slmsk(i)) == 1) then
do k = 1, NLAY
rew(i,k) = 5.0 + 5.0 * tem2d(i,k)
enddo
endif
enddo
if (uni_cld) then ! use unified sgs clouds generated outside
do k = 1, NLAY
do i = 1, IX
cldtot(i,k) = cldcov(i,k)
enddo
enddo
else
!> -# Calculate layer cloud fraction.
if ( ivflip == 0 ) then ! input data from toa to sfc
clwmin = 0.0
if (.not. lmfshal) then
do k = NLAY, 1, -1
do i = 1, IX
clwt = 1.0e-6 * (plyr(i,k)*0.001)
! clwt = 2.0e-6 * (plyr(i,k)*0.001)
if (clwf(i,k) > clwt) then
onemrh= max( 1.e-10, 1.0-rhly(i,k) )
clwm = clwmin / max( 0.01, plyr(i,k)*0.001 )
tem1 = min(max(sqrt(sqrt(onemrh*qstl(i,k))),0.0001),1.0)
tem1 = 2000.0 / tem1
! tem1 = 1000.0 / tem1
value = max( min( tem1*(clwf(i,k)-clwm), 50.0 ), 0.0 )
tem2 = sqrt( sqrt(rhly(i,k)) )
cldtot(i,k) = max( tem2*(1.0-exp(-value)), 0.0 )
endif
enddo
enddo
else
do k = NLAY, 1, -1
do i = 1, IX
clwt = 1.0e-6 * (plyr(i,k)*0.001)
! clwt = 2.0e-6 * (plyr(i,k)*0.001)
if (clwf(i,k) > clwt) then
onemrh= max( 1.e-10, 1.0-rhly(i,k) )
clwm = clwmin / max( 0.01, plyr(i,k)*0.001 )
!
tem1 = min(max((onemrh*qstl(i,k))**0.49,0.0001),1.0) !jhan
if (lmfdeep2) then
tem1 = xrc3 / tem1
else
tem1 = 100.0 / tem1
endif
!
value = max( min( tem1*(clwf(i,k)-clwm), 50.0 ), 0.0 )
tem2 = sqrt( sqrt(rhly(i,k)) )
cldtot(i,k) = max( tem2*(1.0-exp(-value)), 0.0 )
endif
enddo
enddo
endif
else ! input data from sfc to toa
clwmin = 0.0
if (.not. lmfshal) then
do k = 1, NLAY
do i = 1, IX
clwt = 1.0e-6 * (plyr(i,k)*0.001)
! clwt = 2.0e-6 * (plyr(i,k)*0.001)
if (clwf(i,k) > clwt) then
onemrh= max( 1.e-10, 1.0-rhly(i,k) )
clwm = clwmin / max( 0.01, plyr(i,k)*0.001 )
tem1 = min(max(sqrt(sqrt(onemrh*qstl(i,k))),0.0001),1.0)
tem1 = 2000.0 / tem1
! tem1 = 1000.0 / tem1
value = max( min( tem1*(clwf(i,k)-clwm), 50.0 ), 0.0 )
tem2 = sqrt( sqrt(rhly(i,k)) )
cldtot(i,k) = max( tem2*(1.0-exp(-value)), 0.0 )
endif
enddo
enddo
else
do k = 1, NLAY
do i = 1, IX
clwt = 1.0e-6 * (plyr(i,k)*0.001)
! clwt = 2.0e-6 * (plyr(i,k)*0.001)
if (clwf(i,k) > clwt) then
onemrh= max( 1.e-10, 1.0-rhly(i,k) )
clwm = clwmin / max( 0.01, plyr(i,k)*0.001 )
!
tem1 = min(max((onemrh*qstl(i,k))**0.49,0.0001),1.0) !jhan
if (lmfdeep2) then
tem1 = xrc3 / tem1
else
tem1 = 100.0 / tem1
endif
!
value = max( min( tem1*(clwf(i,k)-clwm), 50.0 ), 0.0 )
tem2 = sqrt( sqrt(rhly(i,k)) )
cldtot(i,k) = max( tem2*(1.0-exp(-value)), 0.0 )
endif
enddo
enddo
endif
endif ! end_if_flip
endif ! if (uni_cld) then
do k = 1, NLAY
do i = 1, IX
if (cldtot(i,k) < climit) then
cldtot(i,k) = 0.0
cwp(i,k) = 0.0
cip(i,k) = 0.0
crp(i,k) = 0.0
csp(i,k) = 0.0
endif
enddo
enddo
if ( lcnorm ) then
do k = 1, NLAY
do i = 1, IX
if (cldtot(i,k) >= climit) then
tem1 = 1.0 / max(climit2, cldtot(i,k))
cwp(i,k) = cwp(i,k) * tem1
cip(i,k) = cip(i,k) * tem1
crp(i,k) = crp(i,k) * tem1
csp(i,k) = csp(i,k) * tem1
endif
enddo
enddo
endif
!> -# Compute effective ice cloud droplet radius following Heymsfield
!! and McFarquhar (1996) \cite heymsfield_and_mcfarquhar_1996.
do k = 1, NLAY
do i = 1, IX
tem2 = tlyr(i,k) - con_ttp
if (cip(i,k) > 0.0) then
tem3 = gord * cip(i,k) * plyr(i,k) / (delp(i,k)*tvly(i,k))
if (tem2 < -50.0) then
rei(i,k) = (1250.0/9.917) * tem3 ** 0.109
elseif (tem2 < -40.0) then
rei(i,k) = (1250.0/9.337) * tem3 ** 0.08
elseif (tem2 < -30.0) then
rei(i,k) = (1250.0/9.208) * tem3 ** 0.055
else
rei(i,k) = (1250.0/9.387) * tem3 ** 0.031
endif
! rei(i,k) = max(20.0, min(rei(i,k), 300.0))
! rei(i,k) = max(10.0, min(rei(i,k), 100.0))
rei(i,k) = max(10.0, min(rei(i,k), 150.0))
! rei(i,k) = max(5.0, min(rei(i,k), 130.0))
endif
enddo
enddo
!
do k = 1, NLAY
do i = 1, IX
clouds(i,k,1) = cldtot(i,k)
clouds(i,k,2) = cwp(i,k)
clouds(i,k,3) = rew(i,k)
clouds(i,k,4) = cip(i,k)
clouds(i,k,5) = rei(i,k)
! clouds(i,k,6) = 0.0
clouds(i,k,7) = rer(i,k)
! clouds(i,k,8) = 0.0
clouds(i,k,9) = rei(i,k)
enddo
enddo
!> -# Call gethml() to compute low,mid,high,total, and boundary layer
!! cloud fractions and clouds top/bottom layer indices for low, mid,
!! and high clouds.
! --- compute low, mid, high, total, and boundary layer cloud fractions
! and clouds top/bottom layer indices for low, mid, and high clouds.
! The three cloud domain boundaries are defined by ptopc. The cloud
! overlapping method is defined by control flag 'iovr', which may
! be different for lw and sw radiation programs.
call gethml &
! --- inputs:
& ( plyr, ptop1, cldtot, cldcnv, &
& IX,NLAY, &
! --- outputs:
& clds, mtop, mbot &
& )
!
return
!...................................
end subroutine progcld1
!-----------------------------------
!> @}
!> This subroutine computes cloud related quantities using ferrier's
!! prognostic cloud microphysics scheme.
!!\param plyr (IX,NLAY), model layer mean pressure in mb (100Pa)
!!\param plvl (IX,NLP1), model level pressure in mb (100Pa)
!!\param tlyr (IX,NLAY), model layer mean temperature in K
!!\param tvly (IX,NLAY), model layer virtual temperature in K
!!\param qlyr (IX,NLAY), layer specific humidity in gm/gm
!!\param qstl (IX,NLAY), layer saturate humidity in gm/gm
!!\param rhly (IX,NLAY), layer relative humidity (=qlyr/qstl)
!!\param clw (IX,NLAY), layer cloud condensate amount
!!\param f_ice (IX,NLAY), fraction of layer cloud ice (ferrier micro-phys)
!!\param f_rain (IX,NLAY), fraction of layer rain water (ferrier micro-phys)
!!\param r_rime (IX,NLAY), mass ratio of total ice to unrimed ice (>=1)
!!\param flgmin (IX), minimum large ice fraction
!!\param xlat (IX), grid latitude in radians, default to pi/2 ->
!! -pi/2 range, otherwise see in-line comment
!!\param xlon (IX), grid longitude in radians (not used)
!!\param slmsk (IX), sea/land mask array (sea:0,land:1,sea-ice:2)
!!\param IX horizontal dimention
!!\param NLAY,NLP1 vertical layer/level dimensions
!!\param clouds (IX,NLAY,NF_CLDS), cloud profiles
!!\n (:,:,1) - layer total cloud fraction
!!\n (:,:,2) - layer cloud liq water path \f$(g/m^2)\f$
!!\n (:,:,3) - mean eff radius for liq cloud (micron)
!!\n (:,:,4) - layer cloud ice water path \f$(g/m^2)\f$
!!\n (:,:,5) - mean eff radius for ice cloud (micron)
!!\n (:,:,6) - layer rain drop water path \f$(g/m^2)\f$
!!\n (:,:,7) - mean eff radius for rain drop (micron)
!!\n (:,:,8) - layer snow flake water path \f$(g/m^2)\f$
!!\n (:,:,9) - mean eff radius for snow flake (micron)
!!\n *** fu's scheme need to be normalized by snow density (g/m**3/1.0e6)
!!\param clds (IX,5), fraction of clouds for low, mid, hi, tot, bl
!!\param mtop (IX,3), vertical indices for low, mid, hi cloud tops
!!\param mbot (IX,3), vertical indices for low, mid, hi cloud bases
!>\section gen_progcld2 General Algorithm
!> @{
!-----------------------------------
subroutine progcld2 &
& ( plyr,plvl,tlyr,tvly,qlyr,qstl,rhly,clw, & ! --- inputs:
& xlat,xlon,slmsk, f_ice,f_rain,r_rime,flgmin, &
& IX, NLAY, NLP1, lmfshal, lmfdeep2, &
& clouds,clds,mtop,mbot & ! --- outputs:
& )
! ================= subprogram documentation block ================ !
! !
! subprogram: progcld2 computes cloud related quantities using !
! ferrier's prognostic cloud microphysics scheme. !
! !
! abstract: this program computes cloud fractions from cloud !
! condensates, calculates liquid/ice cloud droplet effective radius, !
! and computes the low, mid, high, total and boundary layer cloud !
! fractions and the vertical indices of low, mid, and high cloud !
! top and base. the three vertical cloud domains are set up in the !
! initial subroutine "cld_init". !
! !
! usage: call progcld2 !
! !
! subprograms called: gethml !
! !
! attributes: !
! language: fortran 90 !
! machine: ibm-sp, sgi !
! !
! !
! ==================== definition of variables ==================== !
! !
! input variables: !
! plyr (IX,NLAY) : model layer mean pressure in mb (100Pa) !
! plvl (IX,NLP1) : model level pressure in mb (100Pa) !
! tlyr (IX,NLAY) : model layer mean temperature in k !
! tvly (IX,NLAY) : model layer virtual temperature in k !
! qlyr (IX,NLAY) : layer specific humidity in gm/gm !
! qstl (IX,NLAY) : layer saturate humidity in gm/gm !
! rhly (IX,NLAY) : layer relative humidity (=qlyr/qstl) !
! clw (IX,NLAY) : layer cloud condensate amount !
! f_ice (IX,NLAY) : fraction of layer cloud ice (ferrier micro-phys) !
! f_rain(IX,NLAY) : fraction of layer rain water (ferrier micro-phys) !
! r_rime(IX,NLAY) : mass ratio of total ice to unrimed ice (>=1) !
! flgmin(IX) : minimim large ice fraction !
! xlat (IX) : grid latitude in radians, default to pi/2 -> -pi/2!
! range, otherwise see in-line comment !
! xlon (IX) : grid longitude in radians (not used) !
! slmsk (IX) : sea/land mask array (sea:0,land:1,sea-ice:2) !
! IX : horizontal dimention !
! NLAY,NLP1 : vertical layer/level dimensions !
! !
! output variables: !
! clouds(IX,NLAY,NF_CLDS) : cloud profiles !
! clouds(:,:,1) - layer total cloud fraction !