diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/shared.rb b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/shared.rb
index bef56363bc21d..fb25328cf7945 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/shared.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/shared.rb
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ module SharedEnvExtension
     CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
     GOBIN GOPATH GOROOT PERL_MB_OPT PERL_MM_OPT
     LIBRARY_PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH LD_PRELOAD LD_RUN_PATH
+    RUSTFLAGS
   ].freeze
   private_constant :SANITIZED_VARS
 
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/std.rb b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/std.rb
index b1bdb5424da55..19cec7ad88e50 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/std.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/std.rb
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ def setup_build_environment(formula: nil, cc: nil, build_bottle: false, bottle_a
     self["PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR"] = determine_pkg_config_libdir
 
     self["MAKEFLAGS"] = "-j#{make_jobs}"
+    self["RUSTFLAGS"] = Hardware.rustflags_target_cpu
 
     if HOMEBREW_PREFIX.to_s != "/usr/local"
       # /usr/local is already an -isystem and -L directory so we skip it
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/super.rb b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/super.rb
index 734eccb95d266..c5bbe02caecb8 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/super.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/super.rb
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ def setup_build_environment(formula: nil, cc: nil, build_bottle: false, bottle_a
 
     self["HOMEBREW_ENV"] = "super"
     self["MAKEFLAGS"] ||= "-j#{determine_make_jobs}"
+    self["RUSTFLAGS"] = Hardware.rustflags_target_cpu
     self["PATH"] = determine_path
     self["PKG_CONFIG_PATH"] = determine_pkg_config_path
     self["PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR"] = determine_pkg_config_libdir
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/hardware.rb b/Library/Homebrew/hardware.rb
index 22bebf626b9bd..ed4034c48ad43 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/hardware.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/hardware.rb
@@ -214,6 +214,24 @@ def oldest_cpu(_version = nil)
       end
     end
     alias generic_oldest_cpu oldest_cpu
+
+    # Returns a Rust flag to set the target CPU if necessary.
+    # Defaults to nil.
+    sig { returns(T.nilable(String)) }
+    def rustflags_target_cpu
+      # Rust already defaults to the oldest supported cpu for each target-triplet
+      # so it's safe to ignore generic archs such as :armv6 here.
+      # Rust defaults to apple-m1 since Rust 1.71 for aarch64-apple-darwin.
+      @target_cpu ||= case (cpu = oldest_cpu)
+      when :core
+        :prescott
+      when :native, :ivybridge, :sandybridge, :nehalem, :core2
+        cpu
+      end
+      return if @target_cpu.blank?
+
+      "--codegen target-cpu=#{@target_cpu}"
+    end
   end
 end